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Biomedical subjects

S Kawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Kawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Exocrine pancreatic function in asymptomatic chronic alcoholics without structural pancreatic disease.

In order to elucidate the functional states of the pancreas in the asymptomatic latent stage of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, 45 chronic alcoholics with no obvious pancreatic structural abnormalities judged by endoscopic pancreatography were studied by pancreozymin-secretin test. We found three patterns of exocrine pancreatic function in alcoholics with or without cirrhosis: normal secretion (40%), hyposecretion (29%) and hypersecretion (31%). In the hyposecretory group, the amylase output proved to be impaired more frequently. In the hypersecretory group increases were observed in one or more of the following parameters, volume, bicarbonate output and amylase output. However, increase in volume was a fundamental condition in this hypersecretion. This study confirmed that exocrine pancreatic hyposecretion and hypersecretion were almost equally frequent in asymptomatic chronic alcoholics with no obvious pancreatographic abnormalities. These results suggest that ongoing exocrine pancreatic dysfunctions exist in the subclinical stage of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Computed tomography of parosteal osteosarcoma of the rib.

The computed tomography findings in a case of radically resected parosteal osteosarcoma of the rib are reported. Computed tomography disclosed a huge ossifying mass with lobulated structure, ossifying rim, linear lucent zone between tumor and cortex, destruction of the affected rib cortex, and intramedullary involvement. These findings are specific to advanced parosteal osteosarcoma.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) and carcinoma of the pancreas].

Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) was purified from fetal pancreas and migrated in beta-region electrophoretically. Its molecular weight was 80 X 10(4) daltons. Enzyme immunoassay for serum POA revealed that elevated levels of POA were found in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer. By a serological screening of 440 out-patients with combined assay of tumor markers including POA, 4 cases of pancreatic cancer were found. POA was demonstrated in the ductal cells of fetal pancreas and cancer cells of duct cell type pancreatic adenocarcinoma immunohistochemically. Elevated levels of serum POA of patients with pancreatic cancer was probably derived from cancer tissue. These findings indicate that serum POA assay is clinically useful.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

A pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA): its characterization and application for enzyme immunoassay.

We investigated the usefulness of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA). The crude POA isolated from POA-positive ascitic fluid of patients with pancreatic cancer was injected into rabbits to raise anti-POA serum. The adsorbed antiserum was used for EIA as anti-POA serum. For the establishment of EIA system for POA, anti-POA-Fab' fragment was conjugated to beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia Coli. Normal subjects (205 controls) and 132 patients (47 with pancreatic cancer, 22 with chronic pancreatitis, and 63 with other malignant disease) were surveyed. The standard serum from patient M with pancreatic cancer was used in quantitatively determining serum POA levels; value was expressed arbitrarily as 1000U/ml. Normal upper limit of POA was defined as less than 400U/ml (mean + 2SD of normal subjects). POA level higher than normal was observed in 72% of patients with pancreatic cancer, 23-44% of patients with other malignant diseases, and 18% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. The susceptibility of the isolated POA to several enzymes and chemical reagents was also studied. These results suggest the usefulness of EIA for POA in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1984

Exocrine pancreatic cancer with humoral hypercalcemia.

Humoral hypercalcemia associated with malignancy has rarely been reported in exocrine pancreatic cancer. We report a patient with cancer of the exocrine pancreas who presented with hypercalcemia which did not respond to indomethacin. Her serum levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D derivatives were low. Technetium diphosphonate bone scan revealed no evidence of bone metastasis, a finding which was confirmed at autopsy. On light microscopy, histological classification of the tumor was moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The electron microscopic study, however, revealed a few zymogen-like granules containing cancer cells lying between ductal-type cancer cells. A review of humoral hypercalcemia in cancer of the exocrine pancreas is presented. A humoral factor(s) other than parathyroid hormone, prostaglandin E, and vitamin D derivatives is considered responsible for hypercalcemia in this patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen: its clinical usefulness for screening pancreatic cancer in combination with tests for other tumor markers.

Screening for pancreatic cancer was carried out by serum pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) tests in 440 out-patients with abdominal complaints, with concomitant assay of carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein and ferritin. POA was positive in 13 patients, of whom 3 cases of pancreatic cancer, and 4 of other malignant diseases were diagnosed while the remaining 6 were non-malignant. Of these out-patients, 5 cases were finally diagnosed as having pancreatic cancer by further examinations. Of these 5 patients, POA was negative in 2, of whom one was positive for CEA and AFP. Accordingly, when POA test was applied concomitantly with the other 3 marker tests, the detection rate of pancreatic cancer was elevated to 4/5. Twenty-three patients were found to have malignant diseases and 20 of them were positive for at least one of the 4 markers tested. These results suggest that serum POA assay is useful for screening the pancreatic cancer, especially when the other tumor markers are assayed concomitantly.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical application of the enzyme immunoassay for pancreatic oncofetal antigen.

Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) purified by us has been detected in sera of patients with carcinoma of the pancreas by the micro-Ouchterlony method. In an attempt to improve the sensitivity and clinical usefulness of the serum POA assay, we established an enzyme immunoassay for POA and reported the results with this method. In this study, we investigated serum POA levels in pancreatic cancer and other diseases. The tissue localization of this POA in the pancreas was also studied. For the establishment of the enzyme immunoassay, an anti-POA-F(ab')2 fragment prepared from absorbed antiserum was conjugated with beta-D-galactosidase. The solid-phase "sandwich" principle was used. The normal upper limit of the serum POA level was defined as 400 units/ml. Among 60 patients with pancreatic cancer, 44 had elevated levels (73.3%). Of 22 cases with chronic pancreatitis, 4 had elevated levels (18.2%). In malignant diseases other than pancreatic cancer, elevated levels of serum POA were seen in 17.6% to 48.5% of the patients, most of whom had only slightly elevated levels. These results indicate that enzyme immunoassay for POA is clinically useful for making a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Immunoperoxidase staining showed POA to be found at the apical surface of ductular cells in fetal pancreas, at the luminal surface of glandular structures in pancreatic cancer tissue, and also at the luminal surface of the small duct in normal pancreas. Thus it is suggested that a high level of serum POA in patients with pancreatic cancer is derived from pancreatic cancer tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Localized fatty infiltration of the liver. CT demonstration of its disappearance on treatment.

Two cases of localized fatty infiltration of the liver are reported, each of which demonstrated localized, well demarcated, abnormal low attenuation at computed tomography (CT), and were indistinguishable from malignant hepatic tumor. Following intravenous administration of contrast medium, normal blood vessel architecture within the low attenuation area was clearly demonstrated at CT. About three months thereafter, the fatty infiltrations had disappeared completely at CT following treatment of the underlying disease.

Adult↗