Hyperuricemia, oxidative stress in preeclampsia.
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
S Kharb
Publications and source records attributed to S Kharb.
Plasma concentrations of lipid peroxidation products in children with acute leukaemia.
Acute leukaemia is the most common childhood malignancy. The cause of leukaemia is not known in most of the cases and of late free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of leukaemia. The degree of lipid peroxidation was studied in the present study as a marker of disease activity in 15 patients of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and 20 healthy age and sex matched individuals served as control. Serum malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were increased in leukaemia and were higher in the active phase of disease as compared to those in remission, Hence, serum MDA estimation in leukaemia can be of help in diagnosis and to predict the chances of relapse.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Plasma lipid peroxidation and vitamin E levels in smokers.
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Adult↗
Effect of smoking on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in normal subjects and in patients during and after acute myocardial infarction.
We studied changes in lipid peroxidation, vitamin E status and lipid profile due to smoking in healthy subjects, patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), and in stabilized patients surviving MI. A significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations was observed in MI patients, more than in smokers (P<0.05), as compared to control. The plasma vitamin E as well as the ratio of vitamin E/lipids were significantly lower in MI patients as compared to stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients and controls. Our data show that smoking is associated with lowered antioxidant status in MI.
Adult↗
Low whole blood glutathione levels in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and diabetes.
Nineteen pregnancies with preeclampsia, 16 with diabetic preeclampsia and 29 control pregnancies were analyzed with regards to maternal total glutathione. In preeclampsia, maternal total glutathione levels were lower than in normal pregnancy (P<0.001). Also, diabetic preeclamptics showed low total glutathione levels as compared to preeclampsia (P<0.05) and control (P<0.001). These findings indicate decreased detoxificating or free radical scavenging capacity in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and diabetes.
Adult↗
Total free radical trapping antioxidant potential in pre-eclampsia.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to measure serum urate, tocopherol and ascorbate and to calculate total radical trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) in pre-eclampsia. METHODS: Study samples were taken from 25 pre-eclamptic, 25 normotensive pregnant and 25 non-pregnant healthy females for measuring uric acid, vitamin C and E, total sulfhydryl group. Also lipid peroxidation product malonaldehyde (MDA), the superoxide generation (NBT reduction) were estimated and TRAP was calculated. Data were analyzed statistically using Student's t-test. RESULT: Pre-eclamptic women had significantly increased MDA levels, superoxide generation and uric acid levels as compared to control subjects (P<0.001). Vitamin C and E and total thiols were lower in pre-eclampsia as compared to control subjects (P<0.001). TRAP was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia. CONCLUSION: TRAP provides a means of assessing the total capacity of the chain-breaking antioxidants to prevent lipid peroxidation in plasma.
Adolescent↗
Evaluation of oxidative stress before and after control of glycemia and after vitamin E supplementation in diabetic patients.
The present study evaluates the presence of oxidative stress in the uncontrolled diabetic state. Glycemic control reduced the oxidative stress, but total normalization of the parameters of oxidative stress was not achieved, indicating continued oxidant injury despite optimal control of the diabetes. Vitamin E supplementation for 4 weeks in these patients further reduced the oxidative stress, suggesting that vitamin E supplementation might be helpful in reducing free-radical-induced oxidant injury.
Adult↗
Vitamin E and C in preeclampsia.
Vascular endothelial damage has been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Lipid peroxidation may be involved in the process and essential nutrients that can scavenge free radicals, such as vitamin E and C, operate in concert. Antioxidant vitamins E and C were estimated in 30 preeclamptic and 30 normotensive pregnant women. Significantly lowered levels of vitamins E and C were observed in preeclamptic women as compared to controls (P<0.001 and P<0.05 respectively). In patients with preeclampsia antioxidant nutrients may be utilized to a greater extent to counteract free radical-mediated cell disturbances, resulting in a reduction in serum antioxidant levels.
Adolescent↗
Superoxide anion formation and glutathione levels in patients with preeclampsia.
Increased free radical activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. This article investigates the glutathione status in preeclampsia and whether superoxide generation is enhanced in preeclampsia. Venous blood samples were obtained from 30 preeclamptic women and 30 normotensive pregnant women (controls). Superoxide generation and glutathione content were measured. There was a significant increase in superoxide generation and a marked reduction in glutathione content in preeclamptic women as compared to controls (p < 0.001). These results indicate that enhanced superoxide generation and impaired glutathione metabolism may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Adolescent↗
Altered thiol status in preeclampsia.
Thirty preeclamptic, 30 normotensive pregnant and 25 healthy nonpregnant women were analyzed with regard to the antioxidant system (thiols and superoxide dismutase, SOD). In preeclampsia both plasma and lysate thiol levels were significantly lower compared to controls (p < 0.001). SOD levels were higher in normotensive pregnant women, but were lower in preeclamptic compared to nonpregnant women. This finding of antioxidant changes in the red blood cell suggests that red cell dysfunction is fundamental in the development of preeclampsia, and similar alterations in the balance of the thiol could be present across the endothelial cell membrane.
Adult↗
Lipid peroxidation in pregnancy with preeclampsia and diabetes.
We studied lipid peroxidation and vitamin E levels in 12 diabetic preeclamptic, 13 nondiabetic preeclamptic, 8 gestational diabetic, 25 normotensive pregnant women, and 25 healthy nonpregnant women. A significant increase in malonaldehyde (MDA) levels was observed in preeclamptic and diabetic preeclamptic women as compared to normotensive pregnant and healthy controls (p<0.001). An increase in MDA levels was observed in gestational diabetics, but the difference was not statistically significant. Likewise, a significant fall in vitamin E levels was noted in preeclamptic and diabetic preeclamptic groups as compared to controls (p<0.001). Gestational diabetics had a slight decrease in vitamin E levels relative to controls. These findings suggest that lipid peroxidation plays a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Adult↗
Effect of glycemic control and vitamin E supplementation on total glutathione content in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Thirty patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were selected for the study. 15 age-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. Serum malonaldehyde, total glutathione, and vitamin E levels were estimated before and after glycemic control and after 4 weeks of vitamin E supplementation. Both total glutathione and vitamin E levels increased after glycemic control and showed an increase after vitamin E supplementation. Malonaldehyde levels lowered after glycemic control, but remained higher than controls. Since vitamin E supplementation significantly decreased oxidative stress in the present study, it may play a role in reducing free-radical-induced oxidant injury in diabetes mellitus.
Blood Glucose↗
Role of oxygen free radicals in shock.
AIMS OF THE STUDY: To study lipid peroxidation, magnesium levels (Mg) in plasma and red cells (RBC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the plasma and RBC of shock patients. METHODOLOGY: Twenty five patients with clinically defined septic shock and 30 healthy volunteers were selected for the study to study the parameters of oxidative stress. RESULTS: Septic shock patients had higher activities of plasma and RBC SOD and CAT activities as compared to control. Also, plasma Mg and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were higher in shock patients as compared to controls. While, RBC Mg levels were similar in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of increased concentration of MDA, Mg, SOD and CAT in sepsis implicates oxygen free radicals in the pathophysiology and free radical scavengers may have a role in organ preservation.
Adult↗
Serum vitamin E in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
OBJECTIVE: Experimental evidence suggests that free radicals can participate in tumour promotion and malignant conversion and free radical scavengers like alphatocopherol act as first line of defense against peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present study was planned to estimate serum vitamin E levels in patients of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). METHODS: Serum vitamin E levels were estimated in 25 CML patients before and after the treatment. Twenty five age and sex matched healthy individuals served as control. RESULTS: Mean serum vitamin E levels were significantly decreased in CML patients before starting the treatment as compared to control. Also, vitamin E levels increased significantly after the treatment, but, remained lower than the control. CONCLUSION: Vitamin E levels were lower in CML patients as compared to control and the levels increased significantly after treatment in these patients. This could be due to decrease in oxidative stress due to decrease in tumour load.
Adult↗
Glutathione levels in health and sickness.
We speculate that the glutathione (GSH) status of human subjects could be an indicator of health and functional age. In this regard, in a study in which, 80 young and 40 elderly healthy individuals were selected as control. We also studied 145 patients with chronic illnesses namely, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, preeclampsia, cataract, chronic renal failure and leukaemia (age 52 +/- 8.6 years). We observed that all the subjects had high malonadildehyde and low glutathione levels as compared to control. These early observations support the hypothesis that oxidative stress may have an important aetiological rule and antioxidants a potential therapeutic role.
Adult↗
Magnesium deficiency potentiates free radical production associated with myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE: Oxidative injury and magnesium deficiency may accompany cardiovascular disease states and the study was planned to find out whether magnesium deficiency promotes oxidative injury. METHODS: Serum malonaldehyde (MDA), magnesium, vitamin E and total glutathione levels (GSH) were estimated in 22 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 15 healthy controls. RESULTS: Low levels of Mg, GSH, vitamin E and elevated levels of MDA were observed in patients of acute myocardial infarction. Statistically significant correlations were observed between Mg and MDA, MDA and GSH, Mg and vitamin E. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Mg deficiency can potentiate oxidative injury to post ischaemic myocardium and that antioxidants may have a role in protection against the prooxidant influence(s) of Mg deficiency.
Aged↗
Effect of weight loss on plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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Cholesterol, HDL↗
Oxidative stress after acute myocardial infarction: effect of thrombolytic treatment.
OBJECTIVE: Treatment with thrombolysis plays a crucial role in salvaging the myocardium in myocardial infarction (MI) patients, but reperfusion of ischaemic areas may itself be associated with reperfusion injury mediated by free radical induced oxidation. Hence the present study was planned to evaluate oxidative stress in patients receiving thrombolytic therapy during MI and to compare them with those not receiving thrombolysis. METHODS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was used as a marker of lipid peroxidation in 30 patients after acute MI. Thirteen were treated by intravenous thrombolysis and 17 served as control. Also, vitamin E levels were estimated in these patients. RESULTS: Patients treated with thrombolysis showed a fall in vitamin E and increase in TBARS within first hours. The decrease in vitamin E was independent of a change in cholesterol. However, the levels were similar at 72 hours. CONCLUSION: The results indicate increased free radical production after MI and reperfusion also increases in free radical production and antioxidants may have a part in improving thrombolytic reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium.
Aged↗