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Biomedical subjects

S Kido

Publications and source records attributed to S Kido.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Simultaneous operation of lung cancer accompanied with aortic arch aneurysm: report of a case].

We report a simultaneously operated case of a 68-year-old man with lung cancer accompanied with aortic arch aneurysm. Preoperative staging CT for lung cancer incidentally demonstrated another lesion in the para-aortic arch area, which was suspected to be rather a pleural or intrapulmonary lesion by enhanced CT and MRI. However, this lesion was intraoperatively diagnosed as a cystic small sized-aneurysm. After a left upper lobectomy with lymph node dissection for lung adenocarcinoma (T2N0) was performed, this aneurysm was tightly wrapped using PTFE felt during the course of one operation. The difficulty of peroperative diagnosis by CT and MRI for small sized-aneurysm is discussed, and surgical stragety for lung cancer accompanied with such an aortic aneurysm is also commented.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

A computerized analysis system in chest radiography: evaluation of interstitial lung abnormalities.

We evaluated the usefulness of a computerized analysis system in the detection of interstitial lung abnormalities in digitized chest radiography. This system uses the processes of four-directional Laplacian-Gaussian filtering, linear opacity judgment, and linear opacity subtraction. For qualitative analysis, we employed a combined radiographic index, which was calculated from two normalized radiographic indices obtained by linear opacity judgment and subtraction of linear opacities. We selected 50 regions of interest (ROIs) in patients with mild interstitial lung abnormalities, 50 ROIs in patients with severe interstitial lung abnormalities, and 50 ROIs in individuals with normal lung parenchyma. High-resolution computed radiography (HRCT) findings were used as the standard of reference for this study. These ROIs were processed by our computerized analysis system, and radiographic indices were obtained from each ROI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) was used as the measure of performance. The combined radiographic index provided better results in the mild interstitial lung abnormality group (Az = 0.94 +/- 0.02), but it also yielded good results in the severe interstitial lung abnormality group (Az = 0.98 +/- 0.01). These results indicate that this system of combining radiographic indices has improved the detection performance over that with our previous system.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1997

[An adult case of mediastinal lymphangioma].

Mediastinal lymphangioma is rare (less than 1%) and is usually not discovered until adulthood because of its asymptomatic nature and deeply seated location. We experienced an adult case of mediastinal lymphangioma. CT and MRI showed a non-invasive multilocular cystic mass spreading in the potential space of the mediastinum including the precardiovascular region and central region. To determine the extent of the tumor, the concept of the potential space of the mediastinum was useful in making the differential diagnosis of cystic mediastinal tumor.

Gadolinium DTPA↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical significance of 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

We studied the abnormality of myocardial sympathetic nervous system in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy in comparison with the parameters of other clinical examinations. In 50 patients with HCM, the heart to mediastinum 123I-MIBG uptake ratio (H/M) was significantly low and washout rate (WR) of 123I-MIBG was significantly high respectively compared with normal subjects (n = 8). H/M was negatively correlated with serum norepinephrine level, wall thickness of left ventricle, left ventricular mass index, left ventricular end diastolic pressure respectively, and WR was positively correlated with those parameters respectively. On the other hand, LF/HF calculated by spectral analysis in holter electrocardiogram was positively correlated with H/M, and negatively correlated with WR. In HCM, H/M in patients with subjective symptoms was significantly lower than that without subjective symptoms, and WR in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was significantly higher than that without paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. This study revealed that H/M and WR reflected the severity and the difference of disease type in HCM. In conclusion, 123I-MIBG contributes to evaluating more details in diagnosis and pathophysiology of HCM.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1996

Dynamic range control processing of digital chest images. A clinical evaluation.

PURPOSE: The clinical usefulness of an advanced image-processing system called "dynamic range control processing" was investigated, with which selected parts of the dynamic range of digital chest images could be controlled. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comparative study of 3 different post-processed formats of storage phosphor (SR) images was performed in 35 patients with abnormalities in the chest. The 3 formats were SR images with standard mode (SR-standard), SR images with strong edge-enhancement (SR-enhanced), and dynamic range controlled SR images (SR-controlled). RESULTS: For lung abnormalities, there was no difference among the 3 SR image formats. For normal mediastinal structures and lung abnormalities covered by the heart or diaphragm, SR-controlled and SR-enhanced images were significantly superior to SR-standard images, while no difference was found between SR-controlled and SR-enhanced images except for the trachea and bony structures. CONCLUSION: Dynamic range control processing appears to be a useful method for displaying SR chest images with an extremely wide dynamic range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Detection of subtle interstitial abnormalities of the lungs on digitized chest radiographs: acceptable data compression ratios.

OBJECTIVE: To determine acceptable compression ratios for digital radiography, we evaluated the effect of data compression on the detection of subtle interstitial lung abnormalities using digitized chest radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Screen-film chest radiographs of 38 patients with subtle interstitial lung abnormalities and 40 patients with normal lung parenchyma were digitized (spatial resolution, 0.175 mm; 2000 x 2000 pixels; 10 bits per pixel) and compressed with the discrete cosine transform method at ratios of 10:1, 20:1, and 30:1. Five chest radiologists and five radiology residents examined the uncompressed and compressed digital images and rates the presence of interstitial lung abnormalities with a five-level scale of confidence. Results were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic methods. RESULTS: Overall, the interpretation of images with a compression ratio of 30:1 was significantly less accurate than that of uncompressed images (p < .05). For the five chest radiologists, interpretation of images with a compression ratio of 20:1 or 30:1 was significantly less accurate than that of uncompressed images (p < .05). However, for the five residents, no significant difference between interpretations of compressed and uncompressed images was noted (p > or = .05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a 10:1 data compression ratio does not influence the detection of subtle interstitial lung abnormalities. However, information that is lost with a 20:1 data compression ratio might be essential for interpretation by experienced chest radiologists.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Frequency of a 22q11 deletion in patients with conotruncal cardiac malformations: a prospective study.

Recent molecular studies have revealed that a 22q11 deletion is frequently detected in DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS), and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome (CTAFS). As one of the major clinical manifestations in these three syndrome is conotruncal cardiac malformation, we prospectively studied the frequency of a 22q11 deletion in a group of patients with conotruncal cardiac malformation. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses using N25 (D22S75) DiGeorge Chromosome Region probe were performed on 64 patients with conotruncal cardiac malformation, who visited our clinic from October 1993 to January 1994. Of the 64 patients studied, a 22q11 deletion was detected in 5 patients (7.8%): 3 out of 30 patients with tetralogy of Fallot, one of three with interruption of the aortic arch, and one hemitruncus patient. No deletion was found in 16 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries, 8 with double outlet right ventricle and 2 with aortopulmonary window. In these five patients with 22q11 deletion, patient 1 was clinically diagnosed as having DGS, patients 2 and 3 had CTAFS, and patient 4 had VCFS. Patient 5 could not be dysmorphologically evaluated. It was noteworthy that all patients with a 22q11 deletion, except a non-evaluated patient, had some symptoms DGS, CTAFS or VCFS, and that we failed to identify a non-syndromic 22q11 deletion positive patients in the present series' of 64 patients. Conclusion. This study suggests that it is advisable to bear 22q11 deletion in mind when a patient with conotruncal cardiac anomalies has some other features of DGS, VCFS or CTAFS.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1995

Interpretation of subtle interstitial chest abnormalities: conventional radiography versus high-resolution storage-phosphor radiography--a preliminary study.

To evaluate the reliability of digital chest radiography in diagnosing subtle interstitial lung abnormalities, we performed several clinical studies including a comparison of conventional screen-film radiography and storage-phosphor radiography (2 K x 2 K pixels, 10 bit), and a comparison of conventional screen-film radiography and film-digitized radiography (2 K x 2 K pixels, 10 bit). From these previous studies, a spatial resolution of 0.2-mm pixel size was considered inadequate to diagnose subtle interstitial lung diseases. Under these circumstances, the newly developed Fuji Computed Radiography system (FCR 9000; Fuji Photo Film, Tokyo, Japan) has recently become available. This system provides 0.1-mm pixel size (4 K x 5 K pixels, 10-bit depth) and life-size hard copies (14 x 17 inches). To evaluate the reliability of new high-resolution storage-phosphor radiography (FCR 9000) in diagnosing simulated subtle interstitial abnormalities (including simulated lines, micronodules, and groundglass opacities), the differences among radiologists in interpreting conventional screen-film radiographs and life-size high-resolution storage-phosphor radiographs were studied. Observation was made by eight experienced chest radiologists and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. There was no significant difference in detecting in subtle simulated interstitial abnormalities between conventional film-screen radiography and high-resolution storage-phosphor radiography. For all three types of abnormalities, there was no significant difference between conventional and storage-phosphor radiography. In conclusion, the high-resolution storage-phosphor chest radiography (0.1-mm pixel size, 10-bit depth) may be substituted for conventional chest radiography in the detection of subtle interstitial abnormalities.

Data Display↗
PubMed1995

In situ polymerase chain reaction detection of varicella zoster virus in infected cells in culture.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology provides a means of identifying genes and studying their expression with specificity and precision. Combined with in situ hybridization (ISH), the amplified gene can be localized within cells. Cell gene sequences (human alpha-tubulin) were identified by PCR-ISH first in uninfected cells in culture, then in human blood mononuclear cells, and finally in sections of human liver. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA was detected for the first time in virus-infected cells in culture by PCR-ISH, and compared to ISH alone. Efficient PCR-ISH was achieved by fixation of cells or tissue sections with 2% paraformaldehyde, by amplification under conditions of complete exposure of the samples to the reagents, and by detection of amplified products using non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes internal to the amplified DNA segment. PCR-ISH increased the detection of VZV DNA in infected cells 5-fold compared to ISH alone. Compared to ISH alone, PCR-ISH enhances significantly the detection of virus DNA in infected cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of vitelline membrane outer layer protein I, VMO-I: amino acid sequence and structural stability.

Vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I) tightly bound to ovomucin fibrils of hen's egg yolk membrane was characterized in terms of its amino acid sequence and structural stability. The deduced sequence of VMO-I using the conventional sequencing method is: RTREYTSVITVPNGGHWGKWGIRQFCHSGYANGFALKVEPSQFGRDDTALNGIRLRCLD- GSVIESLVGKWGTWTSFLVCPTGYLVSFSLRSEKSQGGGDDTAANNIQFRCSDEAVLVGD- DLSWGRFGPWSKRCKICGLQTKVESPQGLRDDTALNNVRFFCCK. Thus, VMO-I is composed of 163 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 17,979. The sequence confirms the cDNA sequence of VMO-I we recently determined and does not show any significant similarity to proteins compiled in the NBRF database. Two of the four disulfide bonds found in VMO-I were estimated to lie between Cys26 and Cys57 and between Cys79 and Cys110. The sequence analyses show that VMO-I contains three 53-residue internal repeats that contain distinctive regions of turns flanked by beta-sheets consistent with the recent finding that the molecule contains a new beta-fold motif, the beta-prism. The molecular characteristics of VMO-I in solution were examined by CD spectroscopy in the far and near ultraviolet regions, NMR spectroscopy, and high sensitive differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). CD spectra in the far UV region at room temperature were similar to that assigned to a random coil, while in the near UV region, small positive peaks were observed. The ellipticity in both regions decreased on raising the temperature. Proton NMR experiments showed the native structure unfolds to unordered conformations at 70 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Fractal analysis of interstitial lung abnormalities in chest radiography.

A computerized method for analyzing interstitial lung abnormalities seen on chest radiographs was investigated. The method includes two main steps: (a) extraction of linear opacities on chest radiographs and (b) calculation of the fractal dimension. Extraction of linear opacities uses the processes of four-directional Laplacian-Gaussian filtering, binarization, and linear opacity judgment. The fractal dimensions in the processed images are then calculated by using the box-counting algorithm. The accuracy of the computerized method in differentiating between normal and abnormal lung tissue was tested on digitized chest radiographs (0.175 mm pixel, 10-bit) of 100 randomly selected patients. One hundred regions of interest (ROIs) from radiographs of 50 patients with interstitial lung abnormalities and 100 ROIs from radiographs of 50 patients with normal lungs were analyzed. The fractal dimensions obtained from the ROIs in lungs with interstitial abnormalities were significantly higher compared with those from ROIs in normal lungs (mean, 1.67 +/- 0.10 vs 1.44 +/- 0.12, respectively; P < .001). This result indicates that fractal analysis is useful in distinguishing interstitial lung abnormalities from normal lung tissue on chest radiographs.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinical evaluation of pulmonary nodules with single-exposure dual-energy subtraction chest radiography with an iterative noise-reduction algorithm.

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical usefulness of the single-exposure dual-energy subtraction method with an iterative noise-reduction algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen radiologists read three sets of images from 44 patients: original computed radiographic images only, original computed radiographic images plus conventional bone-subtracted images, and original computed radiographic images plus iterative noise-reduced bone-subtracted images. Twenty-two patients had one or more (maximum, five) pulmonary nodules; 22 had no pulmonary nodules. Observer performance was evaluated by means of calculation of the average area under the alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic curves (A1). RESULTS: Compared with the original computed radiographic image only, detection of nodules was significantly better with both the original computed radiographic image plus iterative bone-subtracted image (A1 = 0.72 +/- 0.02 and 0.66 +/- 0.02, respectively; P = .01) and the original computed radiographic image plus conventional bone-subtracted image (A1 = 0.66 +/- 0.02 and 0.61 +/- 0.01, respectively; P = .03). CONCLUSION: The iterative noise-reduction algorithm is superior to conventional methods in detection of pulmonary nodules.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced liver metastases from lung cancer via implantable vascular access: report of six cases].

Six patients with advanced liver metastases judged as a survival limiting factor from lung cancer were treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy employing totally implantable vascular access. The treatment regimen included 5-FU/CDDP/EPIR/MMC/etoposide in various combinations and this therapy was repeated as long as possible. There were no serious side-effects or complications, such as bone marrow suppression or gastrointestinal symptoms. The therapy could be continued for a mean duration of 7.2 months (ranging from 2 to 13 months). Cause of death was due to extra-hepatic lesion in all 5 patients. The direct effect on liver metastases reviewed on CT scan was 83.3% (CR: 1, PR: 4, NC: 1), and the median survival period was 108 days (for small-cell group: 92 days; for non-small-cell group: 407 days). We conclude that this therapy is useful in the treatment of liver metastases from lung cancer because of its limited toxicity and high direct effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Cloning and sequencing of hen magnum cDNAs encoding vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I).

Two cDNAs encoding hen vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I), which is classified as a new type of multi-beta-sheet assembly, were cloned and sequenced. Northern blot analysis using vmo-I cDNA as a probe showed the presence of three mRNA species. Strikingly, expression of these mRNAs was restricted to a specific region of the hen oviduct, the area joining the infundibulum to the magnum.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Crystal structure of vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I): a folding motif with homologous Greek key structures related by an internal three-fold symmetry.

The crystal structure of vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I), which is isolated from the vitelline membrane outer layer of hen's eggs, has been determined by the multiple isomorphous replacement method and refined to an R-factor of 18.8% at 2.2 A resolution. The main chain folds into an unusual structure that consists of three beta-sheets forming Greek key motifs, which are related by an internal pseudo three-fold symmetry. The internal portion surrounded by these three beta-sheets is filled with hydrophobic side chains. This conformational feature coincides with three internal repeats in the sequence. Although a similar fold exists in the second domain of delta-endotoxin, there are significant structural differences between the two proteins, with the three-fold symmetry being most regular in VMO-I.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic data of vitelline membrane outer layer protein I, VMO-I.

The vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMO-I), which is isolated from the vitelline membrane outer layer of hen's eggs, has been crystallized from an acetate buffer solution by the hanging-drop method. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit cell dimensions a = 62.42 A, b = 110.52 A, c = 44.15 A. There are two molecules (M(r) = 18,000) per asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract to at least 2.2 A Bragg spacings.

Animals↗