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Biomedical subjects

S Knight

Publications and source records attributed to S Knight.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Silent partners: the wives of sleep apneic patients.

The wives of 10 male patients being treated for sleep apnea, obstructive type, were interviewed and given the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS) and Marital Satisfaction Inventory (MSI). The patients also completed an SAS and a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). These data were compared with those from a sample of divorced patients from the same pool. The married patients were significantly more depressed and socially isolated than were those divorced. Both marital partners showed poor adjustment in the Marital and Social/Leisure areas, and patients also showed poor adjustment in their Parental Role. Marriages do not necessarily represent social support but appear to be an added burden for sleep apneic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Active site specific cadmium(II)-substituted horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase: crystal structures of the free enzyme, its binary complex with NADH, and the ternary complex with NADH and bound p-bromobenzyl alcohol.

Three crystal structures have been determined of active site specific substituted Cd(II) horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase and its complexes. Intensities were collected for the free, orthorhombic enzyme to 2.4-A resolution and for a triclinic binary complex with NADH to 2.7-A resolution. A ternary complex was crystallized from an equilibrium mixture of NAD+ and p-bromobenzyl alcohol. The microspectrophotometric analysis of these single crystals showed the protein-bound coenzyme to be largely NADH, which proves the complex to consist of CdII-LADH, NADH, and p-bromobenzyl alcohol. Intensity data for this abortive ternary complex were collected to 2.9-A resolution. The coordination geometry in the free Cd(II)-substituted enzyme is highly similar to that of the native enzyme. Cd(II) is bound to Cys-46, Cys-174, His-67, and a water molecule in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. Binding of coenzymes induces a conformational change similar to that in the native enzyme. The interactions between the coenzyme and the protein in the binary and ternary complexes are highly similar to those in the native ternary complexes. The substrate binds directly to the cadmium ion in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. No large, significant structural changes compared to the native ternary complex with coenzyme and p-bromobenzyl alcohol were found. The implications of these results for the use of active site specific Cd(II)-substituted horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase as a model system for the native enzyme are discussed.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1985

The influence of D.D.A.V.P. on the survival of factor VIII in severe haemophiliacs.

The effect of D.D.A.V.P. (desamino-cys'-D-arg8-Vaso-pressin) on the survival characteristics of transfused VIII concentrate was studied in six severe, adolescent, haemophiliacs (VIII:C 1 iu/dl). D.D.A.V.P. was administered at a concentration of 0.3 ug/kg immediately following or 24 hours post infusion. No significant alteration in the half disappearance (1/2 d) or biological half-life (t 1/2) was detected for either VIII procoagulant (VIII:C) or its antigenic counterpart VIII:C Ag. As anticipated there was a significant (if sub-optimal) increase in VIII:R Ag within 2-4 hours of D.D.A.V.P. administration.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1985

Partial trisomy 11p with interatrial septal aneurysm. Case report and literature review.

A newborn female infant presented with hypotonia, joint hyperextensibility, cardiac murmur, macroglossia, and hepatosplenomegaly. Karyotype of the child revealed partial trisomy of chromosome 11p derived from a paternal balanced translocation. Echocardiogram obtained in the newborn period suggested interatrial aneurysm, which was confirmed on post-mortem examination. Interatrial septal aneurysm is a rare abnormality not previously described in partial trisomy 11p.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1984

Broken dreams: a study of the effects of divorce and depression on dream content.

To investigate the dream characteristics associated with a major life change, 29 women (ages 30-55) undergoing divorce were studied six nights in a sleep laboratory. The group was stratified on a self-report depression scale (the Beck Depression Inventory) into a depressed (N = 19, mean = 23.2) and nondepressed (N = 10, mean = 8.2) group and compared to a nondepressed married group who had never considered divorce. The dreams of those divorcing without major mood upset were longer and dealt with a wider time frame than those of the other two groups. They also dealt with marital status issues which were absent in the dreams of the depressed group. On follow-up those who had been depressed showed positive dream changes in mood, dreamlike quality, and identification of dream self with the marital role. The study suggests that some dream characteristics respond adaptively during life changes but that this is delayed when subjects are depressed. This raises the possibility of a corrective intervention for such persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Shoe inserts for small deformed feet.

Modern materials and a better understanding of the biomechanical requirements enable adaptations to shoes to be make quickly and easily in cases where the deformed foot is small enough to fit satisfactorily into standard shop-bought or standard deep footwear. A flexible self-generating polyurethane foam is used inside the shoe. It expands to the internal shape of the shoe and the external shape of the foot. It can be used either against the patient's own foot or against a positive cast of the foot. The technique has been used for 75 patients and has proved successful. The insert so made is durable and economical.

Foot Deformities, Congenital↗
PubMed1982

Lymphocyte responses in juvenile chronic arthritis and Behçet's disease--cell number requirements and effects of glucocorticosteroid therapy.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with clinically active Behçet's disease or juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) gave high responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro prior to prednisolone therapy and low responses when taking prednisolone in comparison with cells from control individuals. Such effects were not significantly different at the six concentrations of cells or the four times in culture studied. Differences from controls were also seen with cells from clinically controlled, prednisolone treated Behçet's patients; the cells responded better than controls at low cell concentrations and early times in culture, the reverse occurring at higher concentrations and later times. This pattern of response suggests the presence of a higher than normal proportion of responsive cells in these patients. These studies suggest that not only is a still wider range of culture conditions required to assess fully the differences in lymphocyte function related to disease activity and prednisolone treatment in JCA or Behçet's, but also that the use of a narrow set of 'optimized' conditions may be misleading.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dissemination of resistance plasmids among gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria from hospital patients.

Out of 184 patients who were infected or colonised with gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria, 17 (9%) harboured more than one strain. Single antibiotic-resistance plasmids were common to more than one of the different organisms isolated from nine patients, strongly suggestive of in-vivo conjugation. An "epidemic" plasmid with a molecular weight of approximately 110 megadaltons was found in 11 distinct strains isolated from four patients. Seven of the organisms harbouring this plasmid were Klebsiella aerogenes. Spread of multiple-resistance plasmids among endemic gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria is not uncommon, and these organisms provide a reservoir of plasmids that may ultimately spread to more pathogenic genera.

Conjugation, Genetic↗