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Biomedical subjects

S L Gill

Publications and source records attributed to S L Gill.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Resolving conflicts: principles and practice.

Physicians and other medical professionals undergo extensive professional training for the privilege of obtaining their professional licenses. For most physicians, clinical training is conducted in extremely competitive circumstances. Many physicians endorse competition as an appropriate method for producing greater individual and collective competence within the profession. Competition, however, is a very limited way to resolve conflicts. And, in the current environment of greater resource restrictions and reform, the competitive model, at best, seems short-sighted. Many of the current relationships involving physicians and others are transitional, involving various partners in numerous practice and professional relationships. For example, medical practices are merging; hospitals are engaging physicians in numerous business structures, even employment. However, longer term relationships are enhanced by mutual respect and collaboration, rather than chronic competition to "win" one's rights over another. Thus, the need among physicians to enhance their conflict resolution skills is expanded in today's environment.

Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Patterns and trends in health care governance.

Recent studies show that many hospital chief executive officers spend more than 50% of their time preparing materials for governing board meetings. In view of the impact of governing boards on the function of the hospital and its executives, this issue of DRG Monitor summarizes recent trends in health care governance, including the role and responsibilities of hospital trustees, the size, composition, and terms of office of governing boards, structures and functions of committees, and other emerging issues.

Economic Competition↗
PubMed1988

Developing strategic direction for governing boards.

This study compares selected characteristics of community hospital governing boards with those of high technology industries acknowledged for successful transitions in a rapidly changing competitive environment. Sponsored by the Estes Park Institute, the purpose of this investigation was to identify emerging governance issues and to propose a normative model for nonprofit community health care systems. Results suggest that for health care systems to succeed in a rapidly changing competitive environment, strategic alterations in top-level governance structures will be necessary to focus on market-driven policy issues, with accompanying changes toward smaller boards composed of expert directors. Trends and implications for board terms, committee structures, and relationships between the board and chief executive officers are also discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Growing pains: twelve lessons from corporate restructuring.

Corporate reorganization is a realignment of resources to enhance competitive strength and can follow one of two lines, vertical or horizontal. Whichever strategy is used, the reason for it remains unchanged: to provide a structural hierarchy through which strategic market niches are acquired and resources are economically deployed throughout the system. Healthcare corporate restructuring, however, is encountering growing pains, some of which were inevitable and others avoidable. When the healthcare organizational landscape is surveyed, 12 lessons can be learned about corporate reorganization: 1. Reorganization should be based on anticipated market and environmental conditions. 2. Form follows function. 3. Interdependence among multiple corporate units must be clearly acknowledged. 4. Reorganization is much more costly and politically charged than it appears at first. Reserved rights must be clearly defined. 6. The purpose and composition of the parent governing board must be distinguished from those of subsidiary boards. 7. Clarification of roles and relationships between the parent and subsidiaries is critical. 8. Unrealistic expectations of success should be confronted through up-front planning, negotiation, and creative problem solving. 9. False assumptions about corporate staffing needs create internal system warfare. 10. Physician support is crucial for success. 11. Hospital-based management skills and understanding may be inadequate for making personnel decisions in subsidiaries other than the hospital. 12. Competitive strategies must be strategically determined and must not be taken gamesmanship.

Economic Competition↗
PubMed1988

Five roadblocks to effective partnerships in a competitive health care environment.

Five major roadblocks stand between medical staffs and their partners in a competitive health care environment. Reports from more than 300 physician leaders, board members, and hospital executives show that these barriers are significant in both strategic and perceptual ways. Success in an ambiguous, competitive, and most often unforgiving economic environment means that the health care delivery team of the future will have to find its way around or through each of these barriers. Recommendations for developing successful partnership relations are made herein for each of the five roadblocks described.

Economic Competition↗
PubMed1985

Justice as a prelude to teamwork in medical centers.

Concern with teamwork in medical centers has often focused on cohesion and affiliation. Based on data concerning personality propensities and values of physician leaders, it appears that due process is a more realistic leadership aspiration than cohesion.

Behavior↗
PubMed1983

Effects of dietary iron deficiency on muscle fiber characteristics and whole-body distribution of hemoglobin in mice.

Effects of dietary iron deficiency on growth, the distribution of hemoglobin (Hb) at rest and during exercise, the characteristics of muscle fiber types, and glycogen depletion patterns were studied in newly weaned male mice. Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into iron-deficient and control diet groups. Severe iron deficiency impaired general growth, but growth was restored following iron repletion. The mean +/- SEM blood Hb concentrations at rest after 7 weeks were 5.8 +/- 0.7 and 12.5 +/- 0.3 g/dl in iron-deficient and control groups, respectively. The mice fed iron-deficient diet for 7 weeks had an increased Hb level of 10.9 +/- 0.5 g/dl 1 week after an i.p. injection of Imferon (1.25 mg Fe). The Hb contents in brain and gastrocnemius as well as whole body were lowered by iron deficiency. Iron-deficient anemic mice tended to increase the percent distribution of Hb to brain during exercise. This value was significantly greater than in control and iron-treated groups. The iron-deficient group had relatively less glycogen than controls, but no significant tendency in glycogen depletion pattern was observed in any fiber types. It is suggested that decreased Hb content in working muscles due, in part, to greater distribution to brain could be one of the limiting factors for work performance in anemic individuals. It is further suggested that decrease in oxidative muscle fibers as well as the decreased concentration and/or activities of oxidative substances may also be one of the limiting factors.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutrition for the childbearing years.

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on preconceptional nutrition and nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, focusing on recommendations from the Institute of Medicine. DATA SOURCES: Computerized searches on MEDLINE, CINAHL, National Institutes of Health and Institute of Medicine web sites. STUDY SELECTION: Articles from indexed journals and reports from government sources relevant to the topics of this review and published after 1990 (except for classic findings) were evaluated. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were analyzed under the headings of preconceptional nutrition, prenatal nutrition, nutrition during lactation, and nursing implications. DATA SYNTHESIS: The nutrition a woman receives before conception, during pregnancy, and during lactation affects her health and the health of her child. Information on the amount and timing of prenatal weight gain, recommended intakes of vitamins and minerals, and nutrition and activity during lactation have been revised in the last 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: The health, size, and growth of the infant are dependent on the timing and amount of weight gain during pregnancy and on maternal nutrition during lactation. Prenatal weight gain also affects a woman's future risk of obesity.

Feeding Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Groups and decision making.

A hallmark of clinical service management in particular, and contemporary health care in general, is the team approach. Yet, many managers do not have appropriate background and skills for group leadership. This article reviews some essential characteristics of groups and suggests strategies for facilitating group decision making.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How to cope with difficult people. Identify and manage five behavioral patterns.

Almost every health-care organization (like all types of organizations) has one or two "difficult people." The behavior patterns of these individuals and personalities make daily work and interactions emotionally draining and unnecessarily complicated. Managers may consider terminating the recalcitrant employees as the quickest solution. The current shortage of medical technologists, however, gives laboratory managers a strong incentive to retain their staff members--even the difficult ones. This article addresses five types of difficult people as described in an emerging literature and makes recommendations for achieving and maintaining personal and professional stability in the midst of such situations.

Humans↗