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Biomedical subjects

S Lifshitz

Publications and source records attributed to S Lifshitz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of radiation on prostaglandin production by human bowel in vitro.

The effect of gamma irradiation on the production of prostaglandins by human colon was investigated. Squares of tissue in organ culture dishes were irradiated with 500, 1000, or 2500 rad in single applications. Tissues that were not irradiated served as controls. After treatment the tissues were superfused and prostaglandin concentrations in the effluent fluid were determined. The rates of production of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha by irradiated tissues were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than those of nonirradiated tissues. Neither the release of lactate dehydrogenase nor the rate of production of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha were increased in the irradiated samples, suggesting that neither decreased cell viability nor increased prostaglandin metabolism accounted for the decreased prostaglandin production rates. We conclude that irradiation of the human colon in vitro results in an acute inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The cytoprotective nature of prostaglandins is discussed with regard to the possible pathophysiological significance of these findings.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1984

Naproxen sodium vs. a combination of aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine and codeine phosphate for pain after major gynecologic surgery. A multicenter comparison.

In this multicenter study a nonnarcotic analgesic available for moderate pain, naproxen sodium, 550 mg, was compared to a combination that is used extensively for moderate to severe pain, aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine and codeine phosphate (APC/C) (60 mg of codeine phosphate). Women with pain after major gynecologic surgery reported a similar pattern in pain reduction with the two medications except for a relatively sharper increase in pain intensity between four and six hours after administration of APC/C. A smaller number of patient complaints suggested that naproxen sodium was better tolerated than APC/C.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1984

Staging and surgical evaluation of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian carcinoma is the only female genital malignancy surgically staged. Appropriate preoperative roentgenographic, isotopic, and endoscopic studies can help define the spread of disease and the extent of surgery required. At surgery, the common sites of metastases--pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes, diaphragm, serosal surfaces and omentum--should be examined and biopsied or excised. Total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and appendectomy should also be performed in patients with epithelial ovarian tumors. Evidence suggests that patients who have had optimal cytoreduction of the tumor (less than 1.5 cm) have a better outcome following chemotherapy. Patients who have no clinical or CT evidence of disease after a full course of chemotherapy should be explored to confirm disease status. Peritoneoscopy can be used as an interval procedure to assess response to treatment.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Pigskin xenograft as biologic dressing in radical vulvectomy.

Wound infection and breakdown constitute the most common complication of radical vulvectomy and groin lymphadenectomy. The use of pigskin xenograft as biologic dressing when the skin edges cannot be closed primarily without tension after radical vulvectomy and groin lymphadenectomy is described. This technique allows for clean granulation tissue to develop early (within five to seven days) and seems to accelerate the healing process. Its use has been associated with early ambulation and rapid recovery as well as a shorter postoperative stay.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholin's gland. Case report and review of the literature.

A patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholin's gland is reported and the literature relevant to this disease reviewed. The clinical presentation is characterized by a vulvar mass that has existed for a prolonged period prior to the onset of symptoms, usually infection, pain, and burning. Histologically the tumor is characterized by a cribriform pattern and perineural invasion. Electron microscopy confirms the epithelial nature of this lesion. Conclusions concerning therapy are presented, including emphasis on initial radical vulvectomy and the fact that the efficacy of routine lymphadenectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy has not been demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Plasma prostaglandin levels in radiation-induced enteritis.

Increased prostaglandin synthesis has been implicated as a causative factor in the production of radiation induced enteritis. Seventeen patients selected to begin pelvic irradiation for treatment of gynecological cancer had plasma Prostaglandin E, Prostaglandin F, and 13, 14 dihydro 15 keto PGF2 alpha metabolite determined by radioimmunoassay, prior to initiation of radiotherapy, at weekly intervals during treatment and at six weeks following completion of radiotherapy. A total of 362 prostaglandin determinations were performed. Thirteen patients (76%) developed significant diarrhea consisting of three or more watery bowel movements per day. Nine patients (53%) had intermittent colicky pain and six patients (35%) had nausea and vomiting during treatment. Statistical evaluation revealed no significant elevation of plasma prostaglandins during radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Use of the bulbocavernosus muscle (Martius procedure) for repair of radiation-induced rectovaginal fistulas.

Radiation-induced fistulas of the vagina are rare, occurring in only 1 of 3% of patients treated for cancer of the uterine cervix. Primary surgical repair of these fistulas is usually unsuccessful because the defect is a result of devascularization. This type of radiation injury results from endarteritis obliterans, and successful repair requires an accessory blood supply. From 1971 to 1980, the authors performed 14 Martius procedures on 12 patients with radiation-induced rectovaginal fistulas. Eleven patients had successful closure of their fistulas using this procedure, and no operative complications occurred. The Martius procedure is effective for most radiation-induced vaginal fistulas, and the operation is well tolerated by most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Primary epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva.

During a 12 year period, 102 patients with invasive epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva were treated at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinic. The over-all corrected three year survival rate was 65.5 per cent, or 67 of 102 patients. Those treated by radical vulvectomy and bilateral dissection of groin nodes had a three year survival rate of 76.9 per cent, or 40 of 52 patients, while those treated by radiotherapy had a survival rate of 10 per cent, or two of 20 patients. Those with Stage I disease lesions, less than 1 centimeter in diameter, had an excellent survival rate whether they were treated by vulvectomy only or by radical vulvectomy with groin node dissection. Our experience in this selected group of patients would indicate that a degree of individualization in the treatment of early invasive lesions of the vulva can give most satisfactory results.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pelvic exenteration for vulvovaginal carcinoma.

Between 1964 and 1978, 16 pelvic exenterations were performed for advanced and recurrent vulvovaginal carcinoma. Eight patients had Stage III carcinoma and four had recurrent vulvar carcinoma. Ten patients had involvement of the anus/sphincter, and two had involvement of the proximal half of the urethra. There were four patients with vaginal carcinoma. Two patients with recurrent vaginal carcinoma had bladder/urethral involvement; one patient each with primary vaginal carcinoma had rectovaginal and vesicovaginal septal disease. Seven patients are alive and free of disease--six for more than 5 years and one for 4 years and 4 months. Three patients died, free of disease, one each of cerebrovascular accident, traumatic subdural hematoma, and pulmonary embolus. One patient died on the ninth postoperative day of aspiration pneumonitis. The absolute 5-year survival rate is 54%.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Scalene node biopsy in advanced carcinoma of the cervix uteri.

To determine the incidence of scalene node metastasis from carcinoma of the cervix uteri, all patients with advanced carcinoma of the cervix who underwent scalene node biopsy as part of a pretreatment evaluation at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics have been reviewed. In 40 patients, left scalene node biopsy was indicated because of (1) metastatic para-aortic nodes (25); (2) palpable scalene nodes (2); and (3) other evidence of metastasis or unresectability. Of the 25 patients with metastasis to para-aortic nodes, seven (28%) had metastasis to the scalene node. None of these was palpable preoperatively. Because scalene node involvement indicates that the disease is beyond the scope of both surgical and radiation treatment, routine scalene node biopsy is recommended in those patients with para-aortic node metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium is extremely rare. The 21st case of this lesion that meets Fluhmann's criteria is presented. The histogenesis of this lesion remains unclear. The etiology of squamous cell changes in the endometrium is presented, and the prognostic implication of malignant squamous cells in endometrial carcinoma is discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1981

Intestinal fistula and obstruction following pelvic exenteration.

Intestinal fistulas and obstruction are the most common and most serious complication of pelvic exenteration for gynecologic cancer. In a series of 58 patients, early intestinal fistulas developed in seven and late fistulas in 13 of the patients. Early fistulas are more commonly secondary to surgical trauma or technical errors and were noted to occur more frequently in patients who had previously undergone irradiation. Late fistulas are usually associated with intestinal obstruction and with a high incidence of recurrent malignant growth. The management of choice for intestinal fistulas following pelvic exenteration appears to be prompt surgical intervention with bypass procedures in preference to intestinal resections. Although several technical modifications have been applied to the exenterative operation with a trend toward a decrease in early obstruction and fistula formation rate, additional technical efforts will be necessary if these problems are to be solved.

Adult↗