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S MITSUHASHI

Publications and source records attributed to S MITSUHASHI.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1965

EXPERIMENTAL SALMONELLOSIS. IV. LIPID CONTENT OF TOXIN L OBTAINED FROM SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS.

Kawakami, Masaya (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Experimental salmonellosis. IV. Lipid content of toxin L obtained from Salmonella enteritidis. J. Bacteriol. 89:193-197. 1965.-An improved method is described for the chromatographic purification of toxin L from virulent Salmonella enteritidis. Toxin L is heat-labile, and its toxicity is reduced by trypsin and by phospholipase A treatment. Chemical studies of chromatographically and ultracentrifugally homogeneous toxin preparations show that toxin L is a phosphorus-containing protein. The infrared-absorption spectrum of a petroleum ether extract of toxin L hydrolysate indicates that this material possesses a lipid component.

Antitoxins↗
PubMed1965

DRUG RESISTANCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCI. I. TRANSDUCTION OF TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE WITH PHAGE LYSATES OBTAINED FROM MULTIPLY RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCI.

Mitsuhashi, Susumu (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), Hiroshi Oshima, Umeko Kawaharada, and Hajime Hashimoto. Drug resistance of staphylococci. I. Transduction of tetracycline resistance with phage lysates obtained from multiply resistant staphylococci. J. Bacteriol. 89:967-976. 1965.-Tetracycline resistance was found to be transduced with phage lysates obtained from multiply resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human origin. With various combinations of multiply resistant donors and tetracycline (TC)-sensitive recipients, almost all of the strains were found to be competent donors. A greater percentage of group 1 staphylococci were competent recipients. Most of the TC(+) transductants were not lysogenic for the transducing phage and were unable to transduce TC resistance with their own phage lysates obtained by ultraviolet irradiation. However, the TC(+) transductants, lysogenized with transducing phage, were capable of transducing TC resistance, and some of the lysogenizations were accompanied by changes in phage type. These results suggest that the emergence of the multiply resistant staphylococci (consistently resistant to TC) can be accounted for by transduction among various strains accompanied sometimes by changes in phage typing pattern after lysogenization, and by selection through extensive use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1965

DRUG RESISTANCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCI. II. JOINT ELIMINATION AND JOINT TRANSDUCTION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF PENICILLINASE PRODUCTION AND RESISTANCE TO MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS.

Mitsuhashi, Susumu (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), Hajime Hashimoto, Megumi Kono, and Masato Morimura. Drug resistance of staphylococci. II. Joint elimination and joint transduction of the determinants of penicillinase production and resistance to macrolide antibiotics. J. Bacteriol. 89:988-992. 1965.-Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which show high resistance to macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, oleandomycin, leucomycin, and spiramycin) and the capacity to produce penicillinase, have been isolated from clinical sources. The determinants of penicillinase production (PCase(+)) and resistance to macrolide antibiotics (MAC(r)) of these strains were irreversibly eliminated by treatment with acridine or with ultraviolet light. Among the 18 strains tested, PCase(+) and MAC(r) were eliminated from all strains except one, which lost only PCase(+) but not MAC(r). The characters PCase(+) and MAC(r) were jointly transduced with the aid of phage lysates, obtained from the resistant donors by ultraviolet irradiation, into staphylococcal strains sensitive to PC and MAC. Segregation of PCase(+) and MAC(r) was rarely observed after transduction. From these results, it is suggested that the determinants of both PCase(+) and MAC(r) of staphylococci are located close together on a single genetic element, i.e., a plasmid (or episome), which exists extrachromosomally.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1964

DRUG RESISTANCE OF ENTERIC BACTERIA. 3. ACQUISITION OF TRANSFERABILITY OF NONTRANSMISSIBLE R(TC) FACTOR IN COOPERATION WITH F FACTOR AND FORMATION OF FR(TC).

Harada, Kenji (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), Mitsuo Kameda, Mitsue Suzuki, and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Drug resistance of enteric bacteria. III. Acquisition of transferability of nontransmissible R(TC) factor in cooperation with F factor and formation of FR(TC). J. Bacteriol. 88:1257-1265. 1964.-Transmissible drug-resistance factor R, which confers resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfonamide, was previously found to be transduced in the system of the Salmonella E group with phage epsilon. The R factor of R(+) transductants was nontransmissible by cell-to-cell contact, and it was not eliminated by treatment with acridine dye. When R(+) transductants were infected with F factor, the nontransmissible R factor acquired transferability by conjugation. The R(+) conjugants, to which only the R factor was separately transmitted by conjugation from the (F(+)R(+)) donor, were still unable to transfer their R factor by conjugation. However, the (FR)(+) conjugants, to which both F and R factor were transmitted simultaneously by conjugation, were also capable of transferring their F and R factors by conjugation. From the present study, it was concluded that the recombinant (FR) factor was formed as a result of an interaction between F and R factors present in a host bacterium, and that one of the mechanisms of acquisition of transferability is accounted for by the formation of recombinant (FR) factor. The recombinant (FR) factor was transferable by conjugation, and it conferred both the drug-resistance and F(+) characters to the recipient cells. The (FR) factor was eliminated by treatment with acridine dye and also transduced as one unit into Escherichia coli K-12 by P1kc phage.

Acridines↗
PubMed1964

DRUG RESISTANCE OF ENTERIC BACTERIA. IV. ACTIVE TRANSDUCING BACTERIOPHAGE P1 CM PRODUCED BY THE COMBINATION OF R FACTOR WITH BACTERIOPHAGE P1.

Kondo, Eiko (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Drug resistance of enteric bacteria. IV. Active transducing phage P1 CM produced by the combination of R factor with phage P1. J. Bacteriol. 88:1266-1276. 1964.-During an investigation of the transduction of R factors with phage P1, a phage lysate capable of transducing the character of chloramphenicol resistance (CM(r)) in extremely high frequency was obtained. The transduction of the CM(r) character with the lysate was consistently accompanied by lysogenization with the phage used for transduction. This lysate exhibits no beneficial effect with normal P1, and no effect is produced by decreasing the multiplicity of infection. A single infection with the phage allows the formation of plaques as well as CM(r) lysogenic cells at the center of the plaque. Both the transducing and plaque-forming activities of the lysate were lost by neutralization with anti-P1 phage serum, and its absorption to the host bacteria was enhanced by the addition of Ca(++). Thus, it was concluded that a derivative of P1 phage (P1 CM) was isolated which had not only the ability to transduce the CM(r) character but also the capacity to form plaques; i.e., the CM(r) gene of R factor is specifically associated with the genome of phage P1. No detectable differences were noted between P1 CM and normal P1 phage in density-gradient analyses in CsCl, in stability of lysogenization, in ability to transduce chromosomal markers, and in the mode of induction from lysogenic cells by ultraviolet irradiation. The instance of transduction of the CM(r) character described here may also be considered as an example of lysogenic conversion, in the sense that the alteration in CM(r) character is inseparable from lysogenicity.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1963

EXPERIMENTAL SALMONELLOSIS. III. NEW TOXIC FRACTION (L) OBTAINED FROM SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS AND ITS IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.

Kawakami, Masaya (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), Nobutaka Osawa, and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Experimental salmonellosis. III. New toxic fraction (L) obtained from Salmonella enteritidis and its immunological properties. J. Bacteriol. 86:872-879. 1963.-A method is described for the purification of the heat-labile toxins of a fully virulent strain, 116-54, of Salmonella enteritidis by ion-exchange chromatography. One component of the heat-labile toxin (L) was homogeneous, as evidenced by the results of the ultracentrifugal analysis and agar gel diffusion test. The mouse ld(50) was 1.3 mug, and chemical studies indicated that this toxin was a simple protein in nature. It was also evidenced by chemical and immunological tests that this toxin differs from the O antigen (lipopolysaccharide-protein complex).

Animals↗