Biomedical subjects

S Martinov

Publications and source records attributed to S Martinov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Post-respiratory infection reactive arthritis--etiology, clinical and laboratory characteristics and early prognosis].

AIM: To study etiology, clinico-laboratory characteristics and early prognosis of reactive arthritis developing after respiratory infections (priReA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples from 69 priReA patients aged 17-45 years were examined for specific antibodies to 28 bacterial and viral infectious agents, and antigens of group HLA-B7-CREG (B7, B13, B22, B27, B40, B73, Cw2). The test were made in hospital and 3 months after the patients' discharge. RESULTS: The priReA respiratory etiology was discovered in 31 patients, urogenital--in 14 cases and enterocolitic one--in 7 patients. Streptococcus and pneumoneal chlamydia cause priReA most frequently. HLA-B40 carriers are more predisposed to priReA. priReA runs with less frequent Reiter's syndrome and lesions of axial and extraarticular structures, better early prognosis. CONCLUSION: In young patients with early ReA respiratory etiology is observed more frequently than urogenital and enterocolitic ones. Compared to other kinds of ReA, priReA demonstrates some genetic, clinical and prognostic peculiarities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Triggering bacterial infections in reactive arthritis].

108 patients, 75 men and 33 women, mean age 35 years, with reactive arthritis were studied by microbiological and serological methods for identification of a probable triggering infection. In 32 of the patients a Chlamydia infection, in 30 patients--Yersinia infection, in 7 patients--Staphylococcus infection and in 4 patients--Shigella infection were found. In 27 patients no infectious agent was found but in 4 of them a positive CBR for chlamydia in the sex partner was found. The course of the arthritis is acute or subacute, oligo- or polyarthritis, involving mainly the large joints of the legs. The clinical picture of the arthritis is similar for all etiological forms. This implies a systematic microbiological and serological examination of the patients in order to find out the triggering infection and its appropriate treatment with antibiotics.

Arthritis, Infectious↗

PubMed1987

[The epizootic process in ewe lambs experimentally infected with Salmonella abortus ovis and Chlamydia psittaci var. ovis].

Studied was the dynamics of antibody production and Salmonella shedding in a flock of year-old female sheep affected with a mixed form of infection of Salmonella abortus ovis and Chlamydia psittaci var. ovis. It was established that in the presence of a mixed infection dominating was the part played by Chlamydia organisms. The apparent epizootic process with these agents usually ran its course in the later period of pregnancy, while Salmonella organisms acted by the end of the first half of pregnancy. The carrying out of a tentative serologic study during estrus contributes to revealing the state of Salmonella harbouring.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1987

[Electron microscopic methods for the rapid diagnosis of Q fever in animals].

Methods have been worked out for the electron-microscopic diagnosis of Q-fever. A characteristic feature with them is the use of clinical, pathological, and experimental material that is investigated through negative contrast and ultra thin sections for the detection of rickettsial cells and inclusions. It is underlined that the methods referred to are readily applicable, economic, highly effective, and hazardless. They are described for the first time and could be adopted into the diagnostic and epizootiologic practice as well as in experimental investigations.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1986

[Diagnostic value of serological and bacteriological methods in sheep affected with S. abortus-ovis and Chlamydia psittaci var. ovis infections].

It was found that the shedding of Salmonella organisms by sheep with Salmonella abortions was most active during the first fifteen days following abortions or lambing. In sheep affected with a mixed Salmonella abortus ovis and Chlamydia psittaci var. ovis infection this period was longer (about 30 days). The excretion of Salmonella organisms was more strongly manifested with the vaginal discharge than with the feces, urine, and milk. No correlation was established between the titer value of the antibody level against Salmonella abortus ovis and the results of the bacteriologic investigations. There was such correlation only with animals with y positive hemoculture finding in but the period from the first to third day following abortion.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1985

[Use of a concentrated and purified vaccine against chlamydial abortion in sheep].

Attempts were made to immunize sheep against chlamydial abortion with a purified, concentrated, and absorbed vaccine. The latter proved innocuous and unreactive, and was applied at rates of 0.5 to 1.00 cm3. It was found that at a single vaccination of the sheep with 0.5 cm3 as many as 91.42 per cent responded with the production of antichlamydial complement-fixing antibodies on the 45th day of 1:8 to 1:512 titers; 96.43 per cent of the animals responded on the 111th day, the titers ranging from 1:8 to 1:256. At twofold vaccination on the 1st and the 45th day with 0.5 and 1.00 cm3 vaccine, respectively, 100% of the sheep showed antibodies on the 111th day, the titers being within the 1:16 to 1:256 range 49.69 per cent showed antibodies on the 260th day within the 1:4 to 1:512 range. No abortions, stillbirths, and birth of underdeveloped lambs were seen.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1985

[Chlamydial infection in pericarditis in pigs].

An etiologic study was carried out for the presence of Chlamydia in the case of pericarditis in pigs on a large swine-breeding complex. Investigated were some clinical, epizootiologic, and morphologic aspects of the disease. A strain of Chlamydia psittaci was isolated in chick embryos from pericardial liquids of affected animals. It was identified through electron-microscopic and antigenic studies. Elementary and initial bodies of Chlamydia were seen in ultrathin sections of the infected yolk sacs. Eatherial-and-acetone group-specific antigens that were purified on Sepharose 2B and 4B were obtained. The disease was contracted chiefly by pigs at the age of 30-70 days. The clinical picture was not strictly indicative. Disease cases were recorded in all seasons of the year. Both the gross lesions and the histologic findings spoke of serofibrinous pericarditis.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

[Clinical etiological findings in chlamydial urethritis in men].

120 patients with abacterial urethritis were studied for chlamydia. Clinical, cytological, serologic and electronenmicroscopic tests were performed. 66.60% of the tested persons were seropositive for C. trachomatis, 32.50% of all patients and 48.80% of the seropositive patients showed positive cytological tests. Direct electron microscopy of biopsy material of the urethra of 30 patients revealed chlamydial bodies in high concentrations. The incubation period was about 1-2 weeks. Oxytetracycline was used for 8 days, but had to be one- to four times repeated in resistent cases.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Our experience in the preparation and use of group-specific chlamydial antigens].

Described is a modified method for the production of etherial-acetone antigens used in the complement-fixation test (CFT). It is characterized by a two-fold etherial extraction and an electron-microscopic control over the strains and the chlamydial suspensions to be used as initial material. The antigens obtained by the modified method are said to have high titers, stability, and high specific activity, are long-lasting, and do not produce anticomplement reactions. A new method has been worked out for the production of concentrated and purified chlamydial antigens for CFT, employing column chromatography on Sepharose 2B or 4B. The antigens obtained are highly active and specific. Results have shown that the use of the highly purified chlamydial antigens for CFT is very promising.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

[Chlamydial infection in mass abortions in goats].

Etiologic and clinical-and-epizootiologic studies were carried out of a chlamydial infection in goat flocks where abortions took place on a mass scale. Discovered were two foci of chlamydial abortion. Two strains of Chlamydia psittaci were isolated from aborted fetuses and from placentas on two farms. The strains were identified both antigenically and morphologically. The serologic investigation of a total of 167 goats on 6 farms with abortions revealed that in the course of two enzootics as many as 93.67 per cent of the goats that miscarried had complement-fixing titers ranging from 1:32 to 1:1024, the average geometric titer being 84. In the contacts and the goats that gave birth normally the average geometric titers were 11.3 and 9.8, respectively. In four of the enzootics with abortions 82.14 per cent of the goats were serologically negative, and the average geometric titer was less than 2.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1984

[Chlamydial infection in herds of cattle with abortions].

A study was carried out for the presence of chlamydia on 103 farms with records of abortions. Employed were methods of infecting chick embryos via the yolk sac, the complement-fixation test, and electron microscopy. Five chlamydia strains were isolated from aborted fetuses on 5 out of 11 studied farms. Statistical processing of the serologic results obtained revealed that on 20 farms up to 71 per cent of the cows that miscarried were serologically positive for chlamydia, showing titers within the range of 1:8-1:1024 and an average geometrical titer of 34. On other 35 farms these indices were 23.45 per cent, 1:8-1:512, and 28, respectively. On 48 farms serologically negative were 98.94 per cent of the cows that miscarried, while the average geometrical titer was less than 2. Serologic conversion at a replicated serologic investigation was established in 4 out of 5 enzootics of abortions. No chlamydia antibodies were found in sera taken from a total of 4,804 normal cows and heifers from sound farms.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1983

[Serological study of chlamydial abortion in sheep].

A vast serologic study of the chlamydial abortion in sheep was carried out. The complement-fixation test was employed to investigate a total of 3808 ewes--both animals that had miscarried and various groups of controls. The results obtained were processed statistically. Forty-four new foci of chlamydial abortion in sheep were discovered. It was shown that the serologic diagnosis of the disease was possible with the study of serum samples from animals with abortions, taken once and twice. The artificial infection of pregnant ewes led to a chlamydial infection having and individual clinical development and characteristic antibody dynamic. Comprehensive seroepizoologic investigations on all farms with abortions are suggested for the overall elucidation of the nosologic geography of the disease.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1983

[A method of production of concentrated and purified vaccine against Chlamydia abortion in sheep and its testing in guinea pigs].

A method was developed for the production of a new, present day, concentrated depot-vaccine against the chlamydial abortion of sheep. Employed were a number of methods -- those with chick embryos, freezing and thawing with the use of liquid nitrogen, inactivation with formalin, purifying and concentration through differential centrifugation and supercentrifugation, with the use of an aluminum hydroxide ingredient, electron microscopy, and the respective control series, etc. The vaccine is characterized by low dosing, complete innocuity, and unreactiveness. Guinea pigs immunized singly responded with the production of complement-fixing antibodies on the 30th day of an average titer ranging from 1:32 to 1:64. Two-fold immunization on the 1st and 30th day led to the production of antibodies of average titers within the 1:256-1:512 range as established by means of CFT. The vaccine was shown to have a low prime cost.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1982

[Morphological and morphogenetic characteristics of Chlamydia infection in sick animals].

Studies were carried out on the morphology and the morphogenesis of the Chlamydia organisms in animals with various Chlamydia infections. A total of 255 samples of placentae and parenchymal organs were investigated via the electron microscope, using the ultrathin section method and the negative contrasting method. A characteristic was made of Chlamydia infections in sheep, goats, cows, wild murine rodents, and birds. It was found that the morphologic and morphogenetic aspects of Chlamydia reproduction in diseased animals were the same as those described previously in the yolk sacs of chick embryos. The morphology of Chlamydia organisms in the viscera of animals with Chlamydia infections, and particularly in placentae of sheep that miscarried was characterized by the accumulation of elementary and initial bodies--condense, reticular, and intermediary. It was concluded that the morphogenesis of Chlamydia in animals with infections caused by Chlamydia represented a many sided morphologic process characterized by the following more important aspects: chlamydial matrix, initial chlamydial vacuoles, autonomic synthesis of chlamydial bodies in the initial vacuoles and the chlamydial matrix, high production of Chlamydia membranes, and accumulation of polymorphous Chlamydia bodies. Essential in the reproduction of Chlamydia was their massing into and around the capillaries.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1982

[Diagnostic methods in chlamydial abortion in sheep].

Vast serologic, virologic, and morphologic investigations were carried out into the Chlamydial abortion in sheep. Use was made of the complement-fixation test, passive hemagglutination, chick embryos, electron microscopy, concentration, and purification. The disease was demonstrated on a number of farms with the single or combined employment of the above methods. Discussed was the problem of the diagnostic value of the single and twofold titrations of serum samples from sheep that had miscarried. Prerequisites were developed for the modern use and improvement of the serodiagnostics through the application of more sensitive serologic reactions on the base of purified and concentrated Chlamydial antigens. An important condition to confirm and accelerate the isolation of the strains was said to be the employment of electron microscopy both as a prompt and precise method for the early morphologic identification of the Chlamydial isolates and as a precise control on the serial culturing of the strains. Perfected was the morphologic diagnosis of the Chlamydial abortion in sheep through introducing for the first time of direct electron microscopy of negatively contrasting suspensions and ultrathin cross sections of placentae and viscera of aborted fetuses. The method was shown to be precise, demonstrative, and highly effective. It was employed successfully in sheep with mixed infections--Chlamydia and Salmonella, Chlamydia and Listeria, etc.

Abortion, Veterinary↗

PubMed1982

[Electron microscope diagnosis of Chlamydia infections].

A comprehensive study was carried out on the electron microscope diagnostics of Chlamydia in diseased animals, birds, and humans. Studied were ultra thin cross sections, and negative-contrast microscopy was employed in the investigation of a total of 953 clinical, pathologic, and laboratory-and-experimental samples from animals, birds, and humans suspective of being carriers of Chlamydial infections. The investigations were performed in 21 nosologic units. In more than one half of the samples there were elementary and initial bodies. It was found that the direct electron microscopy of Chlamydia in clinical and pathological materials was a very valuable method. Its use for the early morphologic indication and identification of the Chlamydial isolates in chick embryons proved highly effective. Such wider study on the diagnostic value of electron microscopy with Chlamydial infections was carried out for the first time. The results obtained spoke of the fact that it was highly efficient and promising with Chlamydia. Its basic qualities in such case were shown to consist in its promptness, demonstrativeness, and hermlessness. Besides, it proved to be much less time-consuming, up-to-date, and of relatively low primary cost. These characters of the method pointed to its superiority to the conventional morphologic methods making use of the light microscope.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

[Chlamydial polyarthritis in calves].

Investigations were carried out on some farms to establish the presence of Chlamydia organisms in spontaneous cases of polyarthritis in calves. Use was made of various methods--chick embryos, light and electron microscopy, and the complement-fixation test (CFT). As many as 9 C. psittaci strains were isolated from synovial liquid of calves affected with polyarthritis from 6 farms in several districts of the country. The isolated strains were identified morphologically by means of electron and light microscope, and serologically--through demonstrating the presence of a group-specific Chlamydia antigen by CFT with a known positive anti-chlamydial serum. There were in the sera of some calves with polyarthritis chlamydial KC-antibodies. Results spoke of the chlamydial etiology of some polyarthritis diseases in calves in this country, confirming and supplementing previous observations of the authors.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

[Production of labelled gamma globulin for the detection of Chlamydia].

A method was worked out for the production of an antichlamydial fluorescent serum to be used in the direct immunofluorescence test. Used were the methods of culturing Chlamydia in chick embryos and cell cultures, light and electron microscopy, differential centrifugation and supercentrifugation, gel chromatography in Sepharose, ultracentrifugation in saccharose, hyperimmunization of guinea pigs, conjugation of gammaglobulin with fluorescein isothiocyanate, complement fixation, and the direct immunofluorescence itself. Applied was a new immunologic scheme for the production of fluorescent sera. The guinea pigs were hyperimmunized twice and three times at 30-day intervals with highly purified, highly concentrated and adjuvant-treated chlamydial suspensions. It was concluded that the main condition for the production of high titer labelled gammaglobulins was to obtain purified and concentrated chlamydial antigens and use these with an adjuvant. To indicate Chlamydia in testing the conjugates it is essential to prepare standard test lamellas infected at high multiplicity of purified and concentrated Chlamydia.

Animals↗