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Biomedical subjects

S Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to S Moriyama.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Effects of prostaglandin E1 on vecuronium and fentanyl pharmacokinetics in humans].

The effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on pharmacokinetics of vecuronium and fentanyl were studied during anesthesia. Pharmacokinetic parameters of these drugs were obtained by using two-compartment open model and population pharmacokinetics. Significant increases of Vdss, Vp, and k12 in the pharmacokinetic parameters of vecuronium were observed with 0.024-0.025 microgram.kg-1.min-1 of PGE1. The results demonstrate that PGE1 accelerates the drug transport to peripheral tissues. However, there are no significant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of fentanyl with the same dose of PGE1. This difference in the effect of PGE1 on the drug transport to peripheral compartment between vecuronium and fentanyl may be due to the essential large peripheral distribution of fentanyl.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Responses to barbiturates of isolated dog cerebral and mesenteric arteries contracted with KCl and prostaglandin F2 alpha.

In helical strips of dog cerebral and mesenteric arteries previously contracted with KCl or prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), the addition of pentobarbital (10(-5) to 10(-3) mol.l-1) caused dose-related relaxation, whereas thiamylal and thiopental in a low concentration (10(-5) to 10(-4) mol.l-1) caused further contraction and in a high concentration (10(-3) mol.l-1) profound relaxation. Thiobarbiturate-induced contractions were greater in mesenteric than in cerebral arteries previously contracted with PGF2 alpha. In cerebral and mesenteric arteries exposed to Ca(++)-free media for 60 min and treated with KCl or PGF2 alpha, reintroduction of Ca++ produced a transient contraction, a transient relaxation and a persistent contraction. The Ca(++)-induced persistent contraction was attenuated by pretreatment with pentobarbital (10(-4) to 10(-3) mol.l-1) and thiamylal (10(-3) mol.l-1); the attenuation was greater in arteries treated with KCl than with PGF2 alpha. The Ca(++)-induced contractions of mesenteric artery treated with PGF2 alpha were potentiated by 10(-4) mol.l-1 thiamylal. It is concluded that pentobarbital possesses only a vasodilator effect, whereas thiamylal and thiopental have both constrictor and dilator effects on vascular smooth muscle. The vasodilator effect of barbiturates is associated in part with inhibition of transmembrane influx of Ca++; the inhibition is more predominant on the influx evoked by KCl-induced depolarization than by a stimulation of PGF2 alpha receptors. Thiamylal in low concentrations appears to enhance Ca++ influx through a receptor-operated Ca++ channel for PGF2 alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Study on prognosis of threatened abortion assessed by multivariate analysis].

The serum concentrations of various hormones which included hPL, progesterone(P), estradiol(E2) and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17P) in serum, and hCG in urine were measured simultaneously in patients with threatened abortion to evaluate the prognosis. Ultrasound scanning was also undertaken. One hundred and thirty-six patients at 5 to 8 weeks of gestation were divided into two groups retrospectively. Group A consisted of 99 patients with a good prognosis and group B consisted of 37 patients who aborted spontaneously. The mean concentrations of hormones, and ultrasound findings (GS, CRL and FHM) were not significantly different in both groups at 5 weeks. An attempt was made to apply the data to the computation in multivariate analysis. By discriminant analysis, 100% reliability was achieved in separating the two groups according to hormone levels only at this stage of pregnancy. At 6 weeks, the hCG, P and E2 values were statistically higher in group A than B. Because of the overlapping of the data, principal component analysis was attempted. Two groups were roughly separated. The values for factor loading indicated that GS, CRL and 17P effective in making the separation possible. At 7 and 8 weeks of gestation, the mean concentrations of hCG, hPL, P and E2 were significantly higher in A than B. The factor loading values indicated that ultrasound findings were essential in separating into two groups. These results suggested that hormonal analysis may be useful in assessing the prognosis in threatened abortion in the early stage of gestation (5 and 6 weeks), while ultrasound findings make an accurate prediction for the prognosis possible after 7 weeks of gestation.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1989

Construction of a secretion vector production of peptide hormones in Escherichia coli (extracellular production of calcitonin as fused protein).

A new secretion vector, pEAP84 which contained a unique restriction site (BglII) at the 3' end of the penicillinase gene to produce a fused protein, and the Ex-kil region to make the outer membrane permeable, was constructed from pEAP82. A recombinant plasmid p84h06, which contained a synthetic gene for human calcitonin with a cyanogen bromide cleavage site at the junction site of the fused protein, was constructed and introduced into Escherichia coli. The hybrid protein produced in E. coli carrying p84h06 was secreted into the culture medium. The amino acid composition of this product was consistent with that deduced from the DNA sequence. Mature calcitonin was obtained following cyanogen bromide cleavage of the fused protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The contractile responses of isolated dog cerebral and extracerebral arteries to oxybarbiturates and thiobarbiturates.

In helical strips of dog cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, renal, and femoral arteries, the addition of thiamylal and thiopental, 10(-5) to 10(-3) M, caused a dose-related contraction; the contraction was significantly more intense in cerebral than in extracerebral arteries. Secobarbital caused a slight contraction only in the cerebral artery. In contrast, pentobarbital did not produce a contraction in any artery studied. The thiamylal-induced contraction was not affected by treatment with phentolamine, diphenhydramine, or cinanserin but was attenuated by treatment with Ca entry blockers, such as nifedipine or diltiazem. In the cerebral artery soaked in Ca++-free media for 60 min, the addition of Ca++ produced triphasic responses; a transient contraction followed by a relaxation and a slowly developing, persistent contraction. The persistent contraction was potentiated by 10(-4) M thiamylal but abolished at 10(-3) M. In the mesenteric artery soaked in Ca++-free media, the addition of Ca++ produced only a slight contraction, which was potentiated by thiamylal (10(-4) and 10(-3) M). It is concluded that thiobarbiturates are more potent vasoconstrictors than oxybarbiturates and that the barbiturates produce greater contraction in cerebral arteries than in extracerebral arteries. The thiamylal-induced contraction appears to be associated mainly with influx of Ca++ from extracellular fluids.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA and papillomavirus genus-specific antigens in vulva and cervix from patients with Bowenoid papulosis.

The warty disordered lesions of the vulva in three female patients were diagnosed as Bowenoid papulosis on the basis of clinical and histopathological findings. In all three vulvar lesions, human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV 16) DNA was identified by Southern blot hybridization and papillomavirus genus-specific (PGS) antigen was detected in one case immunohistochemically. Furthermore, colposcopic examination revealed the presence of abnormal uterine cervical lesions in two cases. They were found to be intraepithelial neoplasia which harbored HPV 16 DNA and were positive for PGS antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental tracheal reconstruction by allotransplantation].

Reconstruction using allotransplantation was successfully performed for large defects of the trachea. The defects of ten tracheal rings were surgically created in 28 mongrel dogs and they were repaired with allografts of 5 rings, using over-and-over continuous suture technique with 4-0 Prolene. After the completion of anastomosis, omental pedicle was used to wrap the allograft including both the ends of the graft. Immunosuppressant FR900506 (FK506) was daily administered with a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. When the dogs were sacrificed or succumbed, all the grafts were excised and were examined microscopically and scanning electron microscopically. In some of them, the revascularization from the omental pedicle was examined by infusion of Indian ink from the feeding artery. Eleven dogs survived for more than 30 days and 3 of them did over 120 days. The longest survival is 202 days and the dog is now alive. Twenty out of the 28 allografts were proved to be viable with normal tracheal structure and also free of granulation or stricture. One dog died of perforation of the graft due to rejection. Another dog succumbed from other disease, but the graft was necrotized without the sign of rejection. The viability of the grafts of the remaining 6 dogs were not determined, because the survival time were not long enough, although the grafts were intact macroscopically and microscopically. Three or four weeks after transplantation, the surface of the graft was covered with ciliated epithelium and the tracheal architects were almost normalized. It was proved that revascularization of the tracheal graft from the omental pedicle was established within 7 days following the operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHA-S) levels in amniotic fluid and maternal peripheral venous blood in late pregnancy and during labor].

To study the role of prostaglandin (PG) and steroids on the mechanism of parturition, levels of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (dhk.PGF2 alpha) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHA-S) in amniotic fluid and plasma during late pregnancy, labor, and puerperium, were measured by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seven patients at term were selected for this study and labor was induced by amniotomy. Amniotic fluid and maternal peripheral blood were obtained simultaneously from each individual at A) the artificial rupture of the membranes before the onset of labor, B) the onset of labor, C) the second stage of labor, D) the delivery, and E) 2 hours postpartum. No increase in either amniotic fluid or plasma dhk-PGF2 alpha was noticed when compared before and at the onset labor. However, there was a steady increase during labor and the maximum was reached at delivery. The dhk-PGF2 alpha concentration in amniotic fluid correlated well with that in maternal plasma. A similar pattern was observed in the DHA-S levels both in amniotic fluid and plasma. No apparent change was observed before the onset of labor, but there was a tendency to increase during labor. A significant correlation between the levels of dhk.PGF2 alpha and DHA-S in amniotic fluid was noticed. From the results obtained above, it is suggested that PG and DHA-S may be involved not in the initiation of labor but in the promotion of parturition. The biological significance of DHA-S on PG levels remains to be clarified.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[Application of omental pedicle to tracheal allotransplantation: an experimental study using adult mongrel dogs].

Methods and results of experimental tracheal allotransplantation using adult mongrel dogs are described in this paper. Omental pedicle flap was used to reconstruct the vascularity of ischemic tracheal allograft. Twenty out of 22 allografts were found to be viable with almost normal tracheal structure and no granulation or stricture. The allografts were proved to be well revascularized from the omental pedicle flap by injection of Indian ink from the right gastroepiploic artery.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of mediastinal cystic lymphangioma--case reports and review of the literature in Japan].

A 15-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of left anterior chest pain and an abnormal shadow on her chest X-ray film. At the left thoracotomy, a large cyst (20.5 x 15 x 3 cm) was located in the left anterior mediastinum and contained translucent yellow fluid. Histological diagnosis was cystic lymphangioma. Mediastinal cystic lymphangioma is very rare among mediastinal tumors. Altogether 32 cases of mediastinal cystic lymphangioma including our case were collected from the Japanese literature and reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of adenocarcinoma of the thymus].

A case of adenocarcinoma of the thymus is reported in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of thymic adenocarcinoma in the world literature. A 51-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of hyperthyroidism and anterior mediastinal tumor. After control of hyperthyroidism, thoracotomy was performed and the tumor was located in the right lobe of the thymus macroscopically. The tumor was extirpated and the specimen was revealed to be multiple thymic cyst with papillo-tubular adenocarcinoma proliferating in one of the cysts. The variability of the lining cells i.e. squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and transitional cell, suggest that the thymic cyst is of congenital origin and the adenacarcinoma is originated from multipotential lining cells of the cyst. She has no evidence of recurrence for 14 years postoperatively, therefore there is almost no possibility of metastasis from other organ to the anterior mediastinum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of a patient with mediastinal germinoma and with rare anomaly of congenital subclavian steal phenomenon].

A 40-year-old male with anterior mediastinal germinoma, who had developed cardiac tamponade, was treated with two courses of chemotherapy consisting of CDDP, Vindesine, Pepleomycin. After marked decrease of tumor size was obtained, complete surgical resection was performed. Following the operation, he received one more course of chemotherapy and 40 Gray of radiation therapy. He is now in good health 7 months after operation without showing any sign of recurrence. This case was also associated with right aortic arch and congenital subclavian steal phenomenon. These rare anomalies were reported only some 40 cases in the literature and the case with those rare anomalies and the mediastinal tumor was not seen in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of ceruletide on tardive dyskinesia: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.

1. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 37 patients with tardive dyskinesia, the therapeutic effect of ceruletide was evaluated. 2. The patients were assigned at random to two groups that received either intramuscular injections of 0.8 micrograms/kg of ceruletide or placebo once weekly for 4 weeks. Conventional neuroleptic medication was not changed 3 weeks prior to and throughout the study period. Tardive dyskinesia was assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale over an 8-week period. 3. Ceruletide had a more pronounced effect on TD than the placebo however, because of the limited number of subjects examined, the difference between the two groups was not significant. Ceruletide was more effective than placebo in patients under 60 years of age (p less than 0.05) and whose antipsychotic medication was mainly butyrophenones. 4. No serious side effect was noted. 5. The findings suggested that ceruletide therapeutically benefits patients with tardive dyskinesia.

Ceruletide↗