[Chronic neutrophilic leukemia with 7q- and the responses of CFU-GM].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
S Ohmori
Publications and source records attributed to S Ohmori.
Polyamine lowered the hepatic lipid peroxide level in rats.
This is the first report for the hepatic lipid peroxide lowering effect of spermine in vivo. The influence of administration of polyamines on hepatic lipid peroxide level has been investigated by using normal or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated rats. Spermine was found to lower the hepatic lipid peroxide level most efficiently among polyamines used in CCl4-treated rats. In addition, the extent of liver enlargement caused by CCl4 treatment was reduced by spermine administration. Lipid peroxide lowering effect of spermine was also observed in normal rats. Hepatic spermine content was significantly increased in both normal and CCl4-treated rats after administration of spermine. Clear inverse relationship between the content of lipid peroxide and the concentration of spermine was observed. In reconstituted system containing NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and extracted hepatic microsomal lipid, spermine inhibited the NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation effectively at the concentration of 0.1 mM. From these results, we concluded that spermine exerted an inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation in vivo as well as in vitro.
Animals↗
Competitive induction of erythroid progenitors by relative concentration of BPA to erythropoietin: possible existence of intermediate compartment between BFU-E and CFU-E.
Crude preparations of erythropoietin (Epo) have been found to contain burst-promoting activity (BPA) as a contaminant. When anti-Epo antiserum was added to the culture of erythroid progenitor cells stimulated in vitro with crude Epo, the number of colonies derived from late erythroid progenitors (CFUe) was reduced, while that from early erythroid progenitors (BFUe) was increased. On the other hand, when the culture was stimulated with BPA-free Epo, which was purified from human urine, addition of anti-Epo antiserum enhanced neither BFUe nor CFUe. These results suggest that the ratio of BPA and Epo may be crucial in the assay of erythroid progenitors. Addition of anemic mouse spleen-conditioned medium (AMSCM) to the culture as a source of BPA resulted in the increase of BFUe and the reduction of CFUe under various concentrations of Epo. These findings might be explained by the existence of intermediate compartment of erythroid progenitors depending on both BPA and Epo.
Animals↗
[Drug interaction between imipramine hydrochloride and benzodiazepines when administered orally for 15 days].
The effects of daily oral administration of imipramine (IM) hydrochloride (50 mg/kg) and/or oxazepam (OZ, 20 mg/kg) or diazepam (DZ, 5 mg/kg) in a 1% aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) on the activities of drug metabolizing enzyme systems and steady state plasma levels of IM, desmethylimipramine (DIM), DZ, desmethyl-diazepam (DDZ) and OZ were investigated in rats during a 15-day period. In addition, the effect of a single intravenous administration of IM hydrochloride (5 mg/kg), DZ (0.5 mg/kg) and OZ (2 mg/kg) on plasma concentration-time profiles of IM, DIM, DZ, DDZ and OZ was investigated in rats given the same drug treatments by the oral route for 14 days. The group treated with IM hydrochloride plus OZ group showed a great increase in drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, but the difference for the group given IM hydrochloride was not statistically significant. The steady-state plasma levels of DZ after oral administration for 15 days suggested that the group given IM hydrochloride plus DZ did show accumulated DZ. In terms of the area under the concentration-time curve of IM, DZ and OZ after intravenous administration of IM hydrochloride, DZ and OZ, there were significant differences between each of the mono-treatment groups and the IM hydrochloride plus DZ or OZ treatment groups. In conclusion, we have found that the drug interaction for IM hydrochloride by OZ is markedly lower than that by DZ.
Administration, Oral↗
Simple and sensitive determination of methylglyoxal in biological samples by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.
Methylglyoxal was allowed to react with 4,5-dichloro-1,2-phenylenediamine, and the 6,7-dichloro-2-methylquinoxaline formed was determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. The standard curve of the quinoxaline was linear up to 160 pmol/ml. The recoveries of methylglyoxal from coffee and rat liver homogenate were 84.1 and 77.6%, respectively. This procedure was very selective and so sensitive that as little as 9 fmol of the quinoxaline could be measured in biological and food samples.
Aldehydes↗
Determination of methylglyoxal as 2-methylquinoxaline by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to biological samples.
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Aldehydes↗
Imipramine treatment alters the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of diazepam.
This report describes observations of the relationship between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of diazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one ; 5 mg/kg) during the concomitant administration of diazepam and imipramine hydrochloride (5-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine monohydrochloride; 20 and 50 mg/kg) to rats. We measured plasma, brain, and liver concentrations of diazepam and its metabolites in rats by high-performance liquid chromatography. The concomitant use of imipramine hydrochloride increased diazepam and desmethyldiazepam concentrations, but decreased temazepam and oxazepam concentrations in rat plasma. Diazepam plasma protein binding was unaltered. The liver concentrations of diazepam and its metabolites showed similar changes in their plasma concentrations. The concomitant use of imipramine hydrochloride increased the concentrations of diazepam and its metabolites in the brain. We also studied the effect of benzodiazepines on convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-tetrazolo[1,5-a] azepine; 135 mg/kg) in rats. The concomitant use of imipramine hydrochloride led to an increased antipentylenetetrazole effect of diazepam. This result is in accordance with the findings on brain concentrations of diazepam and its metabolites.
Animals↗
[Drug interaction of imipramine hydrochloride to the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of oxazepam].
In this report, we studied drug interaction between oxazepam and imipramine in rats. Oxazepam (20 mg/kg) and imipramine (20 or 50 mg/kg) were administrated orally. The oxazepam concentration in plasma, brain and liver were measured by the method of HPLC. The concomitant use of imipramine induced extension of the elimination half life (T 1/2 beta) and an increase of the area under the concentration time-curve (AUC) on the plasma concentration of oxazepam. With the concomitant use of imipramine, the AUC of oxazepam brain concentration increased approximately 1.42 to 1.56 in contradistinction to oxazepam alone. The anti-pentylenetetrazol effect of oxazepam at 1 hr after administration was increased by the concomitant use of imipramine, but there were no combination effects at 4 hr. The motor incoordination effect of oxazepam and diazepam was measured by the rotarod method. Oxazepam has little effect on the motor incoordination as compared with diazepam. The plasma protein binding of oxazepam was not changed by the combined use of imipramine both in vitro and in vivo. The pharmacodynamic effects of oxazepam were increased by the concomitant use of imipramine, and these effects were in reasonably good agreement with the change in brain concentration of oxazepam.
Animals↗
Difference in the effects of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene treatment on subunit composition of hepatic glutathione S-transferase in male and female rats.
Male rats more than seven weeks old showed significantly higher activity of hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) than females. This sex-related difference in GST activities might be explained by the difference in subunit composition of the enzymes between males and females. The relative proportion of subunit composition of GST between adult male and female rats was as follows: Ya, female greater than male; Yb(Yb'), male much greater than female; Yc, female greater than male. Since phenobarbital (60 mg/kg, i.p. for seven days) induced the Yb subunit as well as Ya subunit, the enzyme activity was more increased in males than in females and the sex difference became more marked. 3-Methylcholanthrene (20 mg/kg, i.p. three times) caused an increase of Ya subunit alone, and then the increased extent was greater in females than in males, and resulted in the disappearance of sex difference.
Aging↗
Immunopotentiating activity of a nucleotide derivative, heptaminol AMP amidate (HAA) in mice and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
The immunopotentiating activity of heptaminol AMP amidate (HAA), a new derivative of 5'-AMP, was examined in experimental animals. Anti-SRBC PFC activity and antibody titer values augmented for both of single and 4 days consecutive administrations in ICR male mice. The dose of 10 mg/kg was found to cause the maximum enhancement. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, with a state of immunosuppression, 10 days consecutive administrations of HAA at the dose of 10 mg/kg was found to increase significantly the anti-SRBC PFC and antibody titer values. From these results, it is tempting to suggest that HAA may possess an immunopotentiating activity.
Adenosine Monophosphate↗
Effects of combined administration of diazepam and imipramine hydrochloride in rats.
The effects of daily oral administration of imipramine hydrochloride (5-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz-[b,f]azepine monohydrochloride; 50 mg/kg) and/or diazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one ; 5 mg/kg) in a 1% aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) on the body weight, organ weights, and activities of various enzymes, including drug metabolizing enzyme systems were investigated in rats during a 15-day period. The plasma concentrations of imipramine and desipramine were also determined. In addition, the effect of a single intravenous administration of imipramine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) on the plasma concentration-time profiles of imipramine and desipramine was investigated in rats given the same drug treatments. The plasma concentration-time profiles of imipramine and desipramine were analyzed pharmacokinetically. The rats treated with imipramine hydrochloride showed a greater inhibition of body weight gain than those treated with diazepam, and those treated with imipramine hydrochloride and diazepam simultaneously showed a body weight gain similar to those treated with imipramine hydrochloride alone. No significant differences in organ weight (per 100 g of body weight) were found. The imipramine hydrochloride plus diazepam treatment group showed a greater increase in drug-metabolizing enzyme activities than the imipramine hydrochloride treatment group, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the plasma levels of imipramine and desipramine after oral administration for 15 d suggested that the imipramine hydrochloride plus diazepam treatment group did not show increased imipramine metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Lack of correlation between in vitro corticosteroid effect on hemopoietic colony formation and response to corticosteroid therapy in aplastic anemia.
We performed hemopoietic colony culture assays in 15 patients with aplastic anemia (AA) in order to test the effect of hydrocortisone (HC) on late erythroid colony (CFU-e) formation of the patients' marrow and to correlate the in vitro culture results with the clinical response to corticosteroid therapy. HC enhanced CFU-e growth in four patients. All four patients failed to respond to corticosteroid, but three improved with with androgens. The addition of HC did not increase CFU-e colony formation in 11 patients. However, two of them responded to corticosteroid therapy. Among the nine patients showing no HC effect in vitro, two subsequently improved with androgens and one each with anti-thymocyte globulin and anti-lymphocyte globulin. The results suggest that the in vitro corticosteroid effect may not necessarily correlate with responsiveness to corticosteroid therapy.
Anemia, Aplastic↗
Effects of the new antiallergic drug 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b] quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid on bronchial and cutaneous allergic responses to ascaris in dogs.
The effects of 11-oxo-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid (Sm 857), a new antiallergic drug, on both bronchial asthma and active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) reaction induced by Ascaris suum antigen in dogs were investigated. The airway resistance was determined using the modified Konzett-Rössler method. Sm 857 in doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg intraduodenally (i.d.) produced a remarkable inhibitory effect on the asthmatic bronchoconstriction induced by inhalation of Ascaris antigen in naturally sensitized dogs. Intravenous administration of Sm 857 (10 mg/kg) also strongly inhibited the Ascaris-induced bronchial asthma. Sm 857 had a more powerful antiasthmatic activity than tranilast. In ACA reactions, 10 dilutions of Ascaris extract and histamine were injected intradermally to dogs and each wheal provoked was determined. Sm 857 (100 and 300 mg/kg i.d.) had little or no inhibitory effect on the antigen-induced wheals, while tranilast only in a high dose (300 mg/kg i.d.) showed an inhibitory effect. Chlorpheniramine (10 mg/kg i.d.) prevented the ACA reaction completely. Sm 857 thus appeared to have no antihistaminic effect. Above findings suggest that Sm 857 may be useful for the treatment of bronchial asthma as an orally active drug, exerting its action probably through a mast cell stabilizing effect.
Animals↗
Fluorometry of nanogram amounts of selenium in biological samples.
For fluorometry of selenium in human blood, hair, and liver and in leaves, we wet-ashed the samples with conventional nitric and perchloric acids, and then extracted piazselenol (complex of Se and 2,3-diaminonaphthalene) in cyclohexane. Selenium was back-extracted from the cyclohexane into nitric acid to remove the fluorometric interferences of trace amounts of organic compounds. This fluorometric method is rapid and suitable for routine analysis. We applied the method to human hair samples and compared it with the data for non-destructive neutron activation analysis of the hair.
2-Naphthylamine↗
Comparison of glutathione S-transferases in mouse, guinea pig, rabbit and hamster liver cytosol to those in rat liver.
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) of hepatic cytosol of rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and hamsters were simultaneously investigated with respect to substrate specificity, subunit composition and elution profile of GSTs. The activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was the highest in hamsters, followed by rabbits, guinea pigs, mice and rats. On the analysis of SDS-PAGE, Ya subunit band of GST was detected in only rats, not others. There was also seen a marked species difference in elution profile of GST activity on S-sepharose column. The elution patterns from rats, mice and rabbits were quite different from hamsters and guinea pigs.
Animals↗
[A case report of beta-thalassemia minor with marked erythrocytosis].
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Adult↗
Separation, partial purification and characterization of cytochrome P-450 having different affinities for NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase from rat liver microsomes.
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Animals↗
Foramen magnum syndrome caused by a dolichoodontoid process.
A 21-year-old Japanese man with basilar impression with an anomalous configuration of the odontoid process and many other vertebral anomalies is reported. We thought that posterior decompression alone would be hazardous; therefore, in one session, the odontoid tip and anterior arch of the atlas were removed transorally, and posterior fixation between the occipital squama and the lamina of C-3 using acrylic plastic was performed. This treatment resulted in marked clinical improvement and required only a short hospital stay.
Adult↗