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Biomedical subjects

S Ohmori

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohmori.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Malignant change in an intradiploic epidermoid: report of a case and review of the literature.

An unusual case of intradiploic epidermoid tumor is reported. In this case, a soft mass located over the parietal bone was noted shortly after birth. The mass gradually enlarged. The tumor underwent malignant change after several excisions and repeated inflammations. The patient was successfully treated with extensive excision, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Compiling a summary of reported cases with a tabulation of pertinent information, we discuss the incidence, pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapy of malignant intradiploic epidermoid.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Effects of bromhexine on the secretions of saliva and tears.

Effects of bromhexine and pilocarpine on the secretions of submaxillary saliva in dogs and of tears in rabbits were investigated including their effects on lysozyme activity in an attempt to elucidate the efficacy of bromhexine on Sjögren's syndrome. Pilocarpine (0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased spontaneous salivary flow rate, but bromhexine (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) had almost no influence on spontaneous salivary flow rate. Pilocarpine increased total protein, saccharide, lysozyme and IgA secretions in saliva under electrical stimulation of the chorda tympani. Bromhexine did more markedly increase total lysozyme and IgA secretions in saliva, with minor increases in total protein and saccharide secretions. Pilocarpine (0.4 mg/kg, i.v.) had almost no influence on lysozyme concentration in tears, whereas it markedly increased tear secretion volume leading to an increase in total lysozyme secretion. On the other hand, bromhexine (4 and 8 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly increased both lysozyme concentration and total lysozyme secretion in tears from 50 min after injection, without influencing tear secretion volume. From these findings, it is suggested that bromhexine may work effectively on Sjögren's syndrome by acting to accelerate the secretions of lysozyme and IgA in saliva and tears, which are known to have antiinflammatory and bacteriocidal effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of adrenalectomy on gonadal hormone-induced changes in hepatic microsomal carboxylesterase activities in rats.

Hepatic microsomal carboxylesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.1) showed a different capacity for the hydrolysis of various substrates in rats. Adrenalectomy in castrated male rats slightly decreased the activities towards p-nitrophenyl-acetate and malathion. The magnitude of testosterone-induced changes in the hydrolase activities by liver microsomes in adrenalectomized-castrated male rats was markedly decreased castrated male rats. However, when 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone was administered to adrenalectomized-castrated male rats, malathion and p-nitrophenylacetate hydrolase activities were significantly increased. But in all cases, isocarboxazid and acetanilide hydrolase activities were not affected by physiological states. These results suggest that hepatic microsomal carboxylesterases may be, at least in part, regulated by adrenal gland and gonadal hormones which exert different effects on the several isozymes of carboxylesterases.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1984

Purification and properties of cytochrome P-450 from untreated monkey liver microsomes.

Untreated monkey liver cytochrome P-450 (monkey P-450) has been purified to a specific content of 14.9 n mole/mg protein. The purified preparation was apparently homogeneous and the minimum molecular weight was estimated to be 50,000 by SDS-PAGE. Absolute spectrum of the oxidized form showed peaks at 565, 535 and 417 nm. The monkey P-450 was active in the mixed function oxidation of benzphetamine, aminopyrine, ethylmorphine, aniline and 7-ethoxycoumarin in the presence of rat liver NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and DLPC. Anti monkey P-450 IgG could not inhibit rat P-450s (PB P-450, MC P-448(1) and MC P-448(2] catalyzed 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Properties of NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductases in rat liver cytosol.

Rat liver cytosol was shown previously by us to contain multiple forms of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Two (F4-II and -III) of the seven forms were purified to homogeneity, and four (F3-II, -III, -IV and F4-I) of them partially purified. One of them (F4-III) has been shown previously to catalyze the reduction of long-chain aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes or aromatic ketones as well as 3-oxosteroids [M. Ikeda et al., Biochem. Pharmac. 30, 1931 (1981)]. The reducing activity of such compounds was examined with the other F4 enzymes, and it was revealed that they also reduce a number of carbonyl compounds described above. In addition, quinones were tested for the first time in this report as substrates for all the F4 enzymes, and among them 9,10-phenanthrenequinone was found to be the best substrate for them, followed by hydrindantin and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, while menadione was a poor substrate. The F4 enzymes did not catalyze the reduction of the oxo group at the 9-position of the prostaglandins of the E and A class with NADPH or NADH. On the basis of this evidence, the identity of ketone reductases (F4-I-III) in the rat liver is proposed to be 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, rather than prostaglandin 9-ketoreductase, which was demonstrated to correspond to ketone reductase in human brain [B. Wermuth, J. biol. Chem. 256, 1206 (1981)].

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1984

Determination of urochloralic acid, the glucuronic acid conjugate of trichloroethanol, by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection and its application to urine, plasma and liver.

Gas chromatography with electron-capture detection was used to quantify the glucuronic acid conjugate of trichloroethanol, urochloralic acid. The conjugate was extracted into ethyl acetate--ethanol (19:1, v/v) under acidic conditions, and analyzed as its trifluoroacetylated methyl ester or as its acetylated methyl ester. As little as 0.2 microgram of the conjugate was quantified, and the method was applicable to urine, plasma and liver. The synthesis of urochloralic acid from trichloroethanol by rat liver microsomal fraction was demonstrated in the presence of uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid as coenzyme.

Acetic Anhydrides↗
PubMed1984

Follow-up study of the reconstruction of microtia using Silastic frame.

The authors describe a new method using a Silastic frame for reconstructing typical and minor-grade microtia. For the reconstruction of typical microtia, the temporoparietal muscle fascia is used, which is brought to the conchal part of the frame through a skin tunnel in front of the auricle. Then full-thickness skin is grafted on it. This avoids exposure of the frame which may result in extrusion. Follow-up study revealed this new device gave reliable long-term results. For minor-grade microtia, the entire frame was used except the conchal part and the follow-up study showed a wonderful result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ophthalmic and norophthalmic acid in lens, liver, and brain of higher animals.

A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of nanomole levels of ophthalmic and norophthalmic acid has been described. The procedure is based upon the conversion of amino group to 2,4-dinitrophenyl derivatives and the detection at 420 nm. This method was applied to the determination of the peptides in lens, liver, and brain of several animals. Mean recoveries were 93.6% for ophthalmic acid and 92.3% for norophthalmic acid added to cattle lens homogenate.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cystathionine accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A cysteine-dependent strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its prototrophic revertants accumulated cystathionine in cells. The cystathionine accumulation was caused by a single mutation having a high incidence of gene conversion. The mutation was designated cys3 and was shown to cause loss of gamma-cystathionase activity. Cysteine dependence of the initial strain was determined by two linked and interacting mutations, cys3 and cys1 . Since cys1 mutations cause a loss of serine acetyltransferase activity, our observation led to the conclusion that S. cerevisiae synthesizes cysteine by sulfhydrylation of serine with hydrogen sulfide and by cleavage of cystathionine which is synthesized from serine and homocysteine.

Cystathionine↗
PubMed1984

Purification and characterization of the multiple forms of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat liver cytosol.

The presence of multiple forms of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the cytosol of male rat livers was demonstrated. The enzyme activity was separated into two fractions (F3 and F4) by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and further fractionation of F3 into four (I-IV) and F4 into three (I-III) fractions was achieved by subsequent CM-Sephadex chromatography. Six forms (F3-II-IV and F4-I-III) were further purified by chromatofocusing and Red-Sepharose 4B chromatography. Two (F4-II and III) of the isolated enzymes were homogeneous, based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No shift of pI values was observed, when isoelectric focusing was performed with the F4 enzyme species in the presence of NAD(P)+ or NAD(P)H. All six enzyme species migrated closely with each other on dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, from which the molecular masses were estimated to be 32 500 Da. Gel filtration gave similar values for the F4 enzyme species, indicating that each enzyme is a monomeric peptide. All enzyme species were able to catalyse the dehydrogenation of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroids (C19 to C26), and not C27 compound having a 1,5-dimethylhexyl side chain. The catalytic properties with steroids were very similar for five of the enzyme species, but F3-IV especially preferred androsterone. When male rat livers were used for isolation, the enzyme activity ratio of F3 to F4 for androsterone was about 1 to 8, whereas the ratio was about 1 to 20 for female rat livers. Considering the biosynthetic pathway of bile acids, the enzymes isolated here might play a specific role in the conversion of a 3 beta-hydroxy group to a 3 alpha-hydroxy group via a 3-oxo group of an intermediate in the synthesis of bile acids.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1984

S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)glutathione and S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)L-cysteine in lens.

S-(1,2-Dicarboxyethyl)glutathione and S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)L-cysteine were determined by high performance liquid chromatography after reaction with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. By this method the former could be determined in the range 4.05 mumol/l-815 mumol/l, and the latter in the range 1.45 mumol/l-1.45 mmol/l. The recovery from cattle lens homogenate was 90.0 +/- 3.2% for S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)glutathione and 95.3 +/- 3.1% for S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)L-cysteine. Using this method S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-glutathione and S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)L-cysteine were determined in lenses of several vertebrates and in rat lens during cataract formation by galactose.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of successive administration of zopiclone, a new class of minor tranquillizer, on mouse liver microsomal mono-oxygenase system.

Oral administration of zopiclone to mice (10 mg/kg daily) for 14 days had no significant effect on body weight, liver weight, hepatic microsomal protein or cytochrome P-450 contents but produced significant increases in the activities of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, NADH-ferricyanide reductase, aniline hydroxylation and aminopyrine N-demethylation.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1984

Gonadal hormone-induced changes in hepatic microsomal carboxylesterase in rats.

Hepatic microsomal carboxylesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.1) from rat liver microsomes showed a different capacity for the hydrolysis of various substrates. In castrated male rats, the enzyme activities towards p-nitrophenylacetate and malathion were decreased. When testosterone propionate was administered to castrated male rats, the activities of p-nitrophenylacetate and malathion hydrolases were reversely increased. However, in ovariectomized female rats, the carboxylesterase activities showed substrate-dependent changes, i.e., increase in p-nitrophenylacetate and malathion hydrolases and decrease in acetanilide and isocarboxazid hydrolases. When estradiol benzoate was administered to ovariectomized female rats, the activities of p-nitrophenyl-acetate and malathion hydrolases were decreased; and acetanilide and isocarboxazid hydrolases were increased. These results suggest that hepatic microsomal carboxylesterases may be, at least in part, regulated by gonadal hormones which exert different effects on the several isozymes of carboxylesterases.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of cord functions in patients with cervical radiculomyelopathy using cortical and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials].

UNLABELLED: It is desirable for neurosurgeons to be able to evaluate cord functions. To assess electrophysiologically functional status of spinal cord, cortical and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were studied in 33 patients with cervical radiculomyelopathy; 11 cases of cervical spondylosis, 11 cases of OPLL, 3 cases of narrow canal, 2 cases of narrow canal with OPLL, 3 cases of intradural extramedullary tumor, 2 cases of intramedullary tumor and one case of traumatic cervical cord injury. Before the operation cortical SEP was recorded from post-Rolandic area by the median nerve stimulation. Spinal SEP was recorded from the dorsal surface of the cord after partial and complete laminectomy, or before and after tumor removal. RESULTS: Cortical SEP showed abnormalities in 45% of the cases, whose abnormalities were disappearance of the early components such as P1N1 wave, P1 to P2 complex or P1 to P3 complex and delay of the peak latency. Spinal SEP showed abnormalities in 42% of the cases, and the abnormal patterns were divided into 3 groups as follows: Type 1: Slightly abnormal, P1 and N1 waves are well recorded, whereas the P2 wave is absent or markedly suppressed in the amplitude. Type 2: Moderately abnormal, the P2 wave is flat and in addition the N1 wave is diminished in the amplitude. Type 3: Severely abnormal, only the P1 wave is recorded and the N1 to P2 complex is absent. Type 1 was obtained from 3 patients, type 2 from 9 patients, and type 3 from 2 patients. Cortical and spinal SEP were closely related to deep sensations, and cortical SEP was relatively correlated with superficial sensations. There were no differences of spinal SEP in most of the cases between partial and complete laminectomy. In intradural extramedullary tumor, however, good spinal SEP was recorded in collapsed cord after the tumor removal. Clinical symptoms were improved postoperatively in 80% of patients with both normal cortical and spinal SEP. It is concluded that cortical and spinal SEP are useful for prognostic value in patients with cervical radiculomyelopathy.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1983

Effect of acetone on aniline hydroxylation by a reconstituted system.

Acetone stimulated NADPH-dependent aniline hydroxylation catalysed by cytochrome P-450 purified from phenobarbital-treated rats. No activation by acetone occurred in a reconstituted system containing cytochrome P-448 purified from 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats. Cumene hydroperoxide-supported aniline hydroxylation catalysed by cytochrome P-450 was not increased by the addition of acetone at the concentration which stimulated NADPH-dependent aniline hydroxylation in the reconstituted system. The NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reduction was stimulated by acetone in the presence or absence of aniline. On the other hand, acetone did not exhibit any stimulatory effect on NADPH-dependent reduction of cytochrome P-448. The stimulatory effect of acetone on aniline hydroxylation was decreased with increasing pH of the reaction media. Furthermore, in the system containing cytochrome P-450, the ratio of product to hydrogen peroxide formation was virtually unchanged by the addition of acetone.

Acetone↗
PubMed1983

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of plasma allantoin.

A new method has been devised for the determination of nanomole levels of allantoin in human plasma. Allantoin was converted into xanthylallantoin, which was chromatographed on a reversed-phase silica gel using a mixture of acetonitrile-water (27:73) as mobile phase. The eluted compound was measured using an ultraviolet detector. The detection limit of the assay for plasma was about 100 ng/ml. This method was applied successfully to the determination of allantoin in human plasma after oral administration of 100 mg of aldioxa.

Adult↗