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Biomedical subjects

S Okano

Publications and source records attributed to S Okano.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of drug accumulation in gastric cancer after preoperative intra-arterial EA'P injection therapy].

In order to deliver a high concentration of anti-cancer drugs in tumor tissue, preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using Etoposide (VP-16), Pirarubicin (THP-ADM) and Cisplatin (CDDP), was used for 22 patients with resectable advanced gastric cancer. The concentration of VP-16, Adriamycin (ADM) and platinum (Pt) were measured in cancer tissue, normal mucosa and lymphnodes without metastasis at the greater curvature, which were gathered operatively and in serum just before operation. Student's t test was performed with their data. The mean concentration of VP-16 was less than the detectable limit in all tissues and in serum. The mean concentration of ADM in cancer tissue was significantly higher than in normal gastric mucosa, in lymphnodes without metastasis, and in serum. The mean concentration of platinum in cancer tissue was higher than those in lymphnodes, normal mucosa, and serum, but no significant differences were noted among them. It was concluded that the intra-arterial injection of THP-ADM and CDDP was an effective method to maintain a high concentration of ADM and Pt in gastric cancer tissue. However, intra-arterial injection of VP-16 was not useful.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Appearance of Philadelphia chromosome at relapse of erythroleukemia in a 12-year-old boy].

A 12-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of anemia and jaundice. On admission bone marrow smears were compatible with M6 classification of the FAB, revealing 74.5% erythroblasts of all nucleated cells and 40% blasts of nonerythroid cells. Karyotype analysis revealed 46, XY. Gene rearrangement within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) on chromosome 22 was negative at this time. Complete remission was attained by a combination chemotherapy. However, at 10 months of remission, cytogenetic studies of the bone marrow demonstrated Ph1 positive (10%). One month later, the patient fully relapsed with a 75% Ph1 positive karyotype associated with positive bcr. Subsequently, the patient died of refractory leukemia.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Multiform accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR) in a child with acute myocarditis.

Acute myocarditis is complicated by various types of conducting disturbances and heart failure. We describe the case of a school boy with acute myocarditis, who developed various types of conduction disturbances, including multiform accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR), during convalescence from severe pump failure. Multiform AIVR has been reported mostly in adults but, to the best of our knowledge, not in children. The arrhythmia noted in our patient persisted for only 2 days and disappeared with recovery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocytapheresis in a patient with severe aplastic anemia.

A 17-year-old Japanese boy with severe aplastic anemia was treated with oxymetholone and prednisolone for 9 weeks without improvement. He then received 2 courses of bolus methylprednisone therapy without improvement and developed a severe liver dysfunction due to this bolus therapy. He had no HLA-compatible sibling for a bone marrow transplantation, and antithymus globulin was not available. A total of 7 lymphocytapheresis treatments were performed, using an IBM 2997 cell separator, over a period of 9 weeks. Hematological and clinical improvement were noted and felt to be related with these lymphocytapheresis treatments, and further therapy was not required. Three years have past since the patient has undergone lymphocytapheresis, and he remains in good health. Thus, lymphocytapheresis may be an alternative therapy for cases of severe aplastic anemia for those patients who have no compatible donor for bone marrow transplantation and when antithymus globulin is not available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cloning of human neuroblastoma cells in methylcellulose culture.

An in vitro methylcellulose technique was used in an attempt to culture neuroblastoma cells from 25 bone marrows from eight children with neuroblastoma. Colonies appeared within 5 days in histologically positive bone marrows. Light microscopy, linearity study, and marker study provided evidence for the neuroblastoma origin of the colonies. These colonies could be distinguished from other colonies under the inverted microscope because of its distinct feature. In one case, the characteristic morphology of neuroblastoma was shown in 3 days of culture, while histological evidence is absent. The diagnosis of neuroblastoma was confirmed by subsequent catecholamine determination. All histologically negative specimens formed no colonies, while all positive specimens formed more than three colonies. Potential application of this culturing technique for monitoring of bone marrow involvement and differential diagnosis in children with neuroblastoma is presented.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1987

Thyroglobulin release-stimulating activity in immunoglobulin G from patients with Graves' disease studied by human thyroid cells in vitro.

The ability of TSH or immunoglobulin G (G-IgG) from untreated patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease to stimulate thyroglobulin (Tg) release from human thyroid cells was studied. Thyroid tissue obtained from antithyroid drug-treated Graves' hyperthyroid patients was dispersed enzymatically and cultured in monolayers; medium was changed every 3 days. The cultured cells initially released large but declining amounts of Tg, independent of the presence of TSH (approximately 5 micrograms/dish on day 3 and approximately 1.5 micrograms/dish on day 6). After 6 days, TSH had a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on Tg release, and the peak response occurred on day 15. G-IgG-induced Tg release was found on the 12th day of culture and was maximal on day 18. Thyroid cells cultured for 12 days in the absence of TSH responded to TSH and G-IgG in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Using 12-day cultures, Tg release-stimulating activity (Tg-RSA) was tested using 5 mg/ml (7.5 mg/dish) G-IgGs from 20 patients and 72-h incubation. The Tg-RSA of individual patients varied. However, significant correlations were found between Tg-RSA values and serum Tg concentrations or Tg-RSA and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin activities. No correlation was found between Tg-RSA and TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulin activities. These results suggest that Tg-RSA can be an indicator of abnormal IgG of hyperthyroid Graves' patients. Whether the activity is identical with thyroid-stimulating activity remains to be clarified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Two cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer responding to combined chemotherapy with cisplatin, PSK and UFT].

Two patients who had unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated with a combined chemotherapy using Cisplatin, PSK and UFT. A remarkable decrease of tumor size was observed on CT. These two cases corresponded to partial response (PR) according to the response criteria proposed by Koyama-Saitoh. No significant side effects were observed during this therapy. From the results in these two cases, this combination chemotherapy was considered to be one of the most effective antineoplastic therapies available for pancreatic cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Selective acylation of alkyllysophospholipids by docosahexaenoic acid in Ehrlich ascites cells.

Ehrlich ascites cells were cultured with 1-O-[3H]alkylglycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (1-[3H]alkyl-GPE) or 1-O-[3H]alkylglycero-3-phosphocholine (1-[3H]alkyl-GPC) to reveal the selective retention of polyunsaturated fatty acids at second position of ether-containing phospholipids. Although small percentages of the lysophospholipids were degraded into long-chain alcohol, both alkyllyso-GPE and -GPC were acylated at the rate of approximately 2 nmol/30 min per 10(7) cells. Alkylacylacetylglycerols were prepared from the acylated products by phospholipase C treatment, acetylation and TLC, and fractionated according to the degree of unsaturation by AgNO3-TLC. The distribution of the radioactivity among the subfractions indicated that both alkyllysophospholipids were mainly esterified by docosahexaenoic acid and to a somewhat lesser extent by arachidonic acid. The selectivity for docosahexaenoic acid in the esterification of 1-alkyl-GPE was much stronger than in that of 1-alkyl-GPC. Although acyl-CoA: 1-alkyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine acyltransferase activity of Ehrlich cell microsomes with arachidonoyl-CoA and docosahexaenoyl-CoA as acyl donors was negligible compared with the acyl-CoA:1-alkyl-glycerophosphocholine acyltransferase activity, a significant amount of 1-alkyl-GPE was acylated in the microsomes without exogenously added acyl-CoA. HPLC analysis revealed that docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid were mainly esterified by the microsomal transferase. Acylation of 1-alkyl-GPC with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid was also observed in the absence of added acyl-CoA, but the activity was lower than that for 1-alkyl-GPE. Although the source of the acyl donor in the acylation has not been determined, the acylation is probably due to the direct transfer of acyl groups between intact phospholipids. The above results provided the first evidence that the lysophospholipid acyltransferase system including the transacylase activity participates in the selective retention of docosahexaenoic acid in intact cells and a cell free system.

Acylation↗
PubMed1986

Cranial coverage involving scalp, bone and dura using free inferior epigastric flap.

Four cases of successful reconstruction of scalp and skull defects are described. The advantages of the free inferior epigastric flap are that it is large enough to cover massive defects of the head and has an excellent vascular pedicle which allows it to be directly sutured to recipient vessels in the neck without interpositional vein grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A bioassay for thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins of patients with Graves' disease using porcine thyroid monolayer cells.

A bioassay for thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) of patients with Graves' disease was developed by porcine thyroid monolayer cells. Thyroid cells were prepared by dispersion using collagenase and trypsin. Aliquots of the cell suspension (2 X 10(6) cells/1.5 ml/dish) in Ham's F-12 medium (pH 7.2) containing 10% calf serum and 1.5 mM Hepes were seeded and cultured in air at 36 C. On day 6 of culture, cells were incubated with test samples (IgG or bTSH) in 1 ml of serum-free, 0.5 mM IMX-included fresh medium for an additional time, and cAMP in the cells was measured by radioimmunoassay. Intracellular cAMP was increased within 5 minutes after the addition of bTSH and the maximal increase was observed after 30 min. Responses of cAMP were in a dose-related manner up to 10 mU/ml of bTSH. With the addition of IgG from untreated Graves' patients, dose-related increases in cAMP were also observed up to 10 mg/ml IgG and the maximal response was seen at 2 hours incubation. Thyroid stimulating activity in IgG's from normal subjects and patients with Graves' disease was tested with a dose of 10 mg/ml and 2 hours incubation and the activity was expressed as a percent of the control (incubated in the same experiment without IgG). One hundred forty one of 145 untreated patients showed higher activity (228 +/- 51.8%, mean +/- SD; 127-393%, range) than normal subjects (103 +/- 13.3%, mean +/- SD, n = 24; 80-129%, range). Sequential changes in TSI activity in 27 patients after initiating thionamide drugs were studied for 24 months. Initially all 27 patients showed positive TSI and 6 months later 15 remained positive. At 6 months after that, 10 of 23, 4 of 16, and 2 of 6 followed patients showed positive TSI. These results indicate that this bioassay is clinically useful for detecting TSI.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Selective incorporation of various C-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

Three 14C-labeled 22-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids, 7,10,13,16-[14C]docosatetraenoic acid (22:4(n-6)), 7,10,13,16,19-[14C]docosapentaenoic acid (22:5(n-3)), and 4,7,10,13,16,19-[14C]docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3)), were compared with [3H]arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6] and [14C]linoleic acid (18:2(n-6)) to characterize their incorporation into the lipids of Ehrlich ascites cells. The relatively rapid incorporation of the labeled 22-carbon acids into phosphatidic acid indicated that substantial amounts of these acids may be incorporated through the de novo pathway of phospholipid synthesis. In marked contrast to 20:4(n-6), the 22-carbon acids were incorporated much less into choline glycerophospholipids (CGP) and inositol glycerophospholipids (IGP). No selective preference was apparent for the (n-3) or (n-6) type of fatty acids. The amounts of the acids incorporated into diacylglycerophosphoethanolamine were in the order of: 22:6(n-3) greater than 20:4(n-6) much greater than 22:5(n-3) greater than or equal to 22:4(n-6) greater than 18:2(n-6), whereas for alkylacylglycerophosphoethanolamine they were in the order of: 22:4(n-6) greater than 22:6(n-3) greater than 22:5(n-3) much greater than 20:4(n-6) greater than 18:2(n-6). Of the mechanisms possibly responsible for the selective entry of 22-carbon acids into ethanolamine glycerophospholipids, the most reasonable explanation was that the cytidine-mediated ethanolamine phosphotransferase may have a unique double selectivity: for hexaenoic species of diacylglycerol and for 22-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing species of alkylacylglycerol. The relative distribution of fatty acids between newly incorporated and already maintained lipid classes suggested that IGP may function in Ehrlich cells as an intermediate pool for the retention of polyunsaturated fatty acids in glycerolipids.

Animals↗