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Biomedical subjects

S R Pattyn

Publications and source records attributed to S R Pattyn.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The mycobacterial cell-wall as target for antimycobacterial drugs. I--Synthesis and activity of some diphenylalkylanalogues of mycolic acids.

Mycolic acids are 2-alkyl-3-hydroxyfatty acids and are essential parts of the peptidoglycan of mycobacteria. Potential antimetabolites were prepared by substituting a longchain alkylgroup by a diphenylmethylfunction. 3-Oxo esters and 3-hydroxy esters and acids were prepared. The 3-oxo esters showed a slight activity against M. tuberculosis and some atypical mycobacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Ciprofloxacin in oral treatment of ear infections.

In a pilot study 29 cases of suppurative otitis were treated with ciprofloxacin. Acceptable clinical results were obtained in case of chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma and in case of otitis externa. Cholesteatoma and mastoid cavity cases gave no satisfactory results. Guidelines are proposed to define the specific indications and place of this drug in suppurative otitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Susceptibility of strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated prior to 1977 from patients with previously untreated lepromatous leprosy.

Because of the recent spate of reports of primary resistance to dapsone among patients with lepromatous leprosy, largely to small concentrations of the drug, a survey was made of the results of dapsone-susceptibility testing of strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated before 1977 among six laboratories which employed the mouse foot pad technique for this work prior to that time. Data have been found for strains that had been isolated from 73 patients, representing 19 countries and dependencies, with previously untreated lepromatous leprosy; all 73 strains were inhibited from multiplication by dapsone administered to mice in a concentration of 0.0001 g per 100 g mouse diet. These data suggest that the properties of M. leprae isolated from previously untreated patients with respect to susceptibility to dapsone have changed since the years preceding 1977.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Prospective study on the relationship between intensive bactericidal therapy and leprosy reactions.

A systematic study was performed on the reactions occurring during several short-course therapy regimens for the treatment of paucibacillary and multibacillary patients. Most type 1 upgrading reactions in paucibacillary (PB) leprosy were mild to moderate and of short duration, while the time of onset was extremely variable. Their incidence was higher in the regimen rifampin (RMP) 900 mg once weekly for ten weeks than when a single dose of RMP 40 mg/kg body weight was given or 1500 mg in one dose followed by one year of dapsone (DDS) 100 mg daily. In multibacillary (MB) leprosy, three regimens were compared: MB-WHO regimen; regimen C, consisting of daily RMP 600 mg, ethionamide (ETH) 500 mg, and DDS or clofazimine (CLO) 100 mg for six months, followed by six months of daily DDS or CLO; and regimen D, identical to regimen C but comprising daily DDS or CLO plus ETH 500 mg during the second semester. Type 1 upgrading reactions occurred more frequently in MB patients and were more severe than in PB patients. They occurred more frequently and were more severe in regimens C and D than in the MB-WHO regimen. CLO 100 mg daily prevented type 1 reactions in MB patients and rendered them less severe. ENL was also more frequent in regimens C and D and was not prevented by CLO in the dosage used. Although there is some correlation between type 1 reactions and the total amount of RMP administered, other aspects of RMP administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin compared with those of other new fluorinated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives.

The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867) was compared with those of the other new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives: norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin, as well as with those of the earlier analogs, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid. Virtually no resistance against the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives was observed. As a rule, ciprofloxacin was about four times more active in vitro than the other new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives. The antibacterial spectrum of the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives included, among other susceptible species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus spp., and members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. In the case of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and perfloxacin, anaerobes were included in the antibacterial spectrum as well. There was no cross resistance between the earlier analogs and the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives. Regression analysis of MIC pairs for individual strains illustrated almost mathematical correlation between the antimicrobial activities of the quinoline derivatives.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Hepatotoxicity of the combination of rifampin-ethionamide in the treatment of multibacillary leprosy.

During treatment of multibacillary leprosy with the combination rifampin (RMP) 600 mg, ethionamide (ETH) 500 mg, and either dapsone (DDS) or clofazimine (CLO) 100 mg, hepatotoxicity was observed in 4.5% of 596 patients. Hepatitis appeared after 5-186 days, with a mean of 93 days and a median of 76 days. Mortality was 26%. ETH and DDS or CLO were administered daily in all regimens in which hepatitis occurred. RMP was given either daily or daily during the first two weeks or eight weeks, followed by a once-weekly dose. It is concluded that the combination RMP + ETH is the toxic component. In some patient groups there was a high correlation of toxicity with age. A regimen in which RMP was administered only twice a week during three months was not accompanied by hepatotoxicity. Future studies should show if reduction of the daily dose of ETH or reduction of the duration of the administration of RMP + ETH might reduce the incidence of hepatotoxicity while conserving the efficacy.

Adolescent↗