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Biomedical subjects

S Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to S Sakai.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A comparison of AJC and JJC proposals on TNM classification of maxillary sinus carcinoma.

The proposal of the JJC, established in 1977 in an effort to establish a TNM classification of maxillary sinus carcinoma, proved superior to the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Recording (AJC) proposal in terms of reproducibility, well-balanced distribution of cases of T, and prognostication using TNM as the indices, after a nationwide analysis of 474 N0M0 Patients who were among the 541 patients first treated between 1970 and 1973 in 11 leading Japanese medical institutions. The number of patients, with their 5-year cumulative survival rates in parentheses, classified by T1, T2, T3, and T4 were as follows: AJC proposal - 0 (-), 21 (68%), 283 (44%), and 170 (31%); JJC proposal - 6 (83%), 148 (51%), 237 (40%), and 83 (22%). The 283 cases for T3 under the AJC classification are to be redistributed over three JJC T units of T2, T3, and T4, with the respective numbers of cases and 5-year cumulative survival rates of 133 (50%), 128 (41%), and 22 (26%). In a similar manner, the 170 T4 cases under the AJC classification are reclassified into 109 (37%) for T3 and 61 (20%) for T4 under the JJC proposal. The JJC proposal enables closer prognostication than the AJC.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Electrophoretic separation of prolactin secreted from mouse pituitary glands in vitro.

Prolactin secreted from the mouse pituitary gland in organ culture was characterized after disc or SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Some pituitary glands were cultured with 3H-labelled leucine for 24 h to obtain radioactive prolactin. In disc electrophoresis, immunoreactive, receptor-bindable and 3H-incorporated prolactins formed a single band with the same relative mobility (0.5). Prolactin migrating at Rf = 0.5 was extracted and re-analysed by SDS electrophoresis. A single stained and radioactive band was observed at the same position with an apparent molecular weight of 23 000 regardless of denaturing in the presence of absence of dithiothreitol. No other band was detected. These results indicate that mouse prolactin synthesized and secreted in organ culture is homogeneous and that mouse prolactin is a single-chain molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Physical constitution and smoking habits of patients with idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax.

This is a report on a statistical study comparing the Kaup index and the level of tobacco consumption of patients with idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax and those of healthy subjects. A statistically significant difference was found between the average Kaup index of the patients with idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax and that of normal healthy individuals in Japan as published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. A statistically significant difference was also found in the physical features between 2,433 males with idiopathic pneumothorax and 1,906 healthy males when compared by means of the Kaup index. Again, a statistically significant difference was noted in the level of tobacco consumption between the males with idiopathic pneumothorax and normal males when compared by means of the Brinkmann index. The Kaup index of idiopathic pneumothorax patients was lower than that of healthy subjects, while the level of tobacco consumption of the former was higher. Idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax is related to thin and tall individuals and the level of tobacco consumption among such patients is higher than among healthy subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pyrrolomycins F1, F2a, F2b and F3, new metabolites produced by the addition of bromide to the fermentation.

New antibiotics, pyrrolomycins F1, F2a, F2b and F3 were produced by Actinosporangium vitaminophilum sp. nov. when bromide ion was added to the fermentation medium. Addition of other halide ions such as chloride, iodide and fluoride ion showed no effect on pyrrolomycin production, affording polychlorinated pyrrolomycins A, B, C, D and E, but no F components. All four new antibiotics contain 2 approximately 4 mol of bromine, and their substitutional position was determined by X-ray analysis and synthesis, supported by spectroscopic analysis. They are strongly active against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of prostatic cancer by intramuscular administration and intratumor injection of peplomycin].

Peplomycin, a new derivative of Bleomycin, was evaluated clinically for treatment of prostate cancer patients. Peplomycin was injected intramuscularly, 5 or 10 mg every other day, to 8 patients with prostate cancer. Total dose ranged from 30 to 200 mg. According to Karnofsky's criteria, only one case was I-B, other cases were in group 0. Pulmonary fibrosis, one of the major side effects of this drug, was experienced in 2 cases. This anticancer agent was injected directly into the prostate, 20 mg once a week for 5 weeks, to 2 patients who were refractory to estrogen treatment and had lower urinary obstruction for relief of local symptoms. One case was I-A, and the other was I-B. No severe side effect was observed. Serum concentration of Peplomycin after administration was measured by a bioassay. Serum levels of Peplomycin after a local injection of 20 mg and after one intravenous shot of 10 mg were almost equal.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of antibacterial potencies of oral and parenteral antibiotic preparations against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections (3: 1981) 1. Susceptibility distribution].

In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus which were isolated from patients with urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in Japan, were investigated by dilution broth method using MIC 2000 (Dynatec) during July to October in 1981. The summarized results are as follows: Among oral antibacterial agents, MPC and PPA have showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and Klebsiella. In vitro activities of oral antibacterial agents against Proteus and Citrobacter showed not so potent. Among the first and second generation's parenteral antibacterial agents, CTM has showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and Klebsiella. Among the third generation's parenteral antibacterial agents, CMX, CTX and CZX have showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus and Citrobacter.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of antibacterial potencies of oral and parenteral antibiotic preparations against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections (3: 1981). 2. Changes in bacterial sensitivities].

Since 1979 the antibacterial activity of antibiotics against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections has been investigated. The serious transition of susceptibilities of E. coli and Klebsiella could not be recognized in these antibiotics (MPC, ABPC, NA, PPA, CEX, CEZ, CTM, CMZ and CFX). However, a few resistant organisms against the third generation's antibiotics (CTX, CMX, CZX, LMOX and CPZ) have already been appeared, we have to observe these results, continuously.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of antibacterial potencies of oral and parenteral antibiotic preparations against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections (3. 1981). 3. Patient backgrounds and bacterial sensitivities].

Routine susceptibilities testing of microorganisms isolated from patients are of restricted usefulness in the treatment of patients because of the delay in obtaining results. Thus, the empiric chemotherapy based on the susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from patients is necessary for the majority of patients with simple and complicated urinary tract infections. In this study the relation between changing susceptibility and background factors such as age, a sex distinction, antibiotics, areas in Japan, simple and complicated UTI and so on, has been investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Sensitivities of peripheral lymphocytes from healthy humans to induction of sister chromatid exchanges by chemicals.

The spontaneous sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and SCEs induced by 50 microM methyl methanesulfonate, 1 microM 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, and 5 microM 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole were examined in phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral lymphocytes from 53 healthy adult donors. The means of the mean spontaneous SCEs and SCEs induced by methyl methanesulfonate, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole in cells of these donors had coefficients of variability of 12, 14, 24, and 28%, respectively. Thus, it was possible to estimate the SCE-inducing activities of chemicals in peripheral lymphocytes from a population of healthy humans under the defined experimental conditions. These facts provide one of the useful parameters for evaluating the genotoxicities of chemicals to human beings, a genetically heterogeneous species. Cells from two of the donors were considerably more sensitive to particular chemicals than were those from other donors, consistently giving higher numbers of induced SCEs in two repeat examinations.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗