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Biomedical subjects

S Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to S Sakai.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Surface negative waves in penicillin-induced epileptogenesis in cats].

The "surface negative (SN) wave" produced by pyramidal tract stimulation and recorded at the cortical surface has been identified as a reflection of postsynaptic potentials generated through recurrent inhibitory pathways (Humphrey, et al.). We studied changes in SN wave in an attempt to examine inhibitory mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis in immobilized cats. 1) A single shock applied to the cerebral peduncle evoked alpha and beta wave at the surface of ipsilateral anterior sigmoid gyrus (Fig.1 A). A train of 4 shocks with 4 msec shock-interval elicited SN wave which had a peak latency of 20 msec and decayed in 60-80 msec (Fig. 1 B,C,D). 2) The spindle-like after-discharges elicited by direct cortical shock were markedly suppressed with conditioning stimulation of the ipsilateral pyramidal tract (Fig. 2). Spike-and-wave complexes and other ECoG paroxysms produced by intramuscular administration of penicillin (Pc) were also depressed by repeated stimulation of the cerebral peduncle (Fig. 3). These facts revealed that the inhibitory effects of pyramidal tract stimulation caused to suppress the occurrence of epileptic discharges. 3) SN wave gradually diminished in amplitude after topical application of Pc at the anterior sigmoid gyrus (Fig. 4 A-D). It disappeared completely when tonic-clonic sustained paroxysms occurred at the focus (Fig. 4 E). These effects are due presumably to depression of recurrent postsynaptic inhibition caused by topical penicillin. 4) SN wave observed at the contralateral secondary focus was almost unchanged during interictal and ictal stage (Fig. 5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

[Epidemiological and therapeutic studies of gonorrheal infections (I)--clinical efficacy of long acting amoxicillin (L-AMPC)].

During the period from October of 1981 through March of 1982, our research group in Sapporo treated 178 patients (158 males and 20 females) for gonorrheal infections. We performed epidemiological and therapeutic studies on these patients. The youngest of the 158 male patients with acute gonorrheal urethritis was 15 years old. The age distribution was 32 patients (20.3%) under 20 years, 46 patients (29.1%) aged 20 to 24, 34 patients (21.5%) aged 25 to 29, 22 patients (13.9%) aged 30 to 34, 10 patients (6.3%) aged 35 to 39, and 14 patients (8.9%) aged 40 to 54. The fact that 20% of gonorrheal urethritis occurred in youths under 20 years of age, is especially noteworthy. The infection in the teenage boys was found to be picked up mostly from girls met at discos , etc., On the other hand, the patients in their 20s, were infected more frequently by contact with hostesses at massage parlors and bars, these sources making up the majority of male patients who were 25 years or older. These findings are quite interesting because they reflect the socio-economic status of the patients. In addition, the fact that hostesses working at massage parlors are a frequent source of gonorrheal urethritis infections can represent a considerable problem in terms of public hygiene. The 20 female patients with gonorrheal infections were all found to be cases of cervicitis, except for a 1-year-old girl with gonorrheal infection of external genitals. The fact that about half of these female patients were teenagers, aged 16 to 19 years is worth special note. The duration of the latent period was less than 5 days in 83 male patients (58.9%) with urethritis, 6 approximately 10 days in 39 patients (27.7%), 11 approximately 20 days in 13 patients (9.2%), 21 approximately 30 days in 4 patients (2.8%), and over 30 days in 2 patients (1.4%), It can thus be said that the number of cases showing a long incubation period is increasing. The MICs of 154 gonococci strains isolated from the urethral or vaginal discharge were determined. Thirteen (8.4%) of these clinically isolated strains were found to be beta-lactamase producers. When a bacterial inoculation level of 10(6) cells/ml was used in the in vitro MIC determination, the MIC was 1.56 micrograms/ml or higher for 12 of these beta-lactamase-producing strains; the MIC of the 13th strain was 0.78 microgram/ml. At the same time, the MICs of these beta-lactamase-producing strains to doxycycline were also high; 1.56 micrograms/ml or higher.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[T-cell bearing IgG-Fc receptor in patients with bladder cancer].

The T-cell bearing Fc receptor (IgG-FcR+ T cell) has been considered as a suppressor or a part of the killer cell, as determined by its function. The population of IgG-FcR+ T cells was determined by Moretta 's method in patients with urinary bladder cancer, urological benign diseases and in normal subjects. The population of IgG-FcR+ T cells in the peripheral lymphocytes of 16 patients with urinary bladder cancer was 20.5 +/- 10.1%, that of 7 patients with urological benign diseases was 9.5 +/- 3.2%, and that of 8 normal subjects was 9.0 +/- 2.1. The population of IgG-FcR+ T cells in the peripheral lymphocytes patients with high stage bladder cancer was significantly higher than that of patients with low stage cancer. In low stage bladder cancer cases, the population of IgG-FcR+ T cells was decreased to the normal range at three weeks after removal of the tumor. But in high stage bladder cancer cases, it was not changed at 3 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[The study of infiltrating lymphocytes in the tissues of bladder carcinoma].

Using 121 patients with bladder cancer operated on at our institutes, the relationship between lymphocyte infiltration and grading, staging or patients' prognosis was studied for evaluating regional immunocompetence in bladder cancer. There was no correlation between number of infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor grading or staging. However, the patients with high grade or advanced stage showed high recurrence rate and mortality. The same tendency was observed in patients whose tumor had few infiltrating lymphocytes. A lymphocyte subset was detected in both peripheral blood and tumor extracts in 15 cases of bladder cancer. Compared with the normal controls, T cell percent was lower and T gamma cell ratio was higher in peripheral blood of bladder cancer patients. T cell percent was almost equal in peripheral blood and in cancer tissue, but the T gamma cell ratio in the cancer patients was much higher than that in blood. In the tumor tissues, high T cell and lower T gamma cell percentages were observed at basal areas than those at superficial portions. These results suggest that infiltrating lymphocytes may take part in the host response to the tumor in bladder cancer. Classification of these lymphocytes based upon function will be necessary for further study.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Combined therapy for maxillary sinus carcinoma with special reference to cryosurgery.

Three hundred cases of maxillary sinus carcinoma were divided into four groups according to the initial treatment: the first group was treated by irradiation of 5,000 rad (25 fractions) for 5 weeks; the second by intra-arterial infusion of 5-FU combined with irradiation; the third by sinus curetting in accordance with Denker's operation combined with the second method; and the fourth by cryosurgery once a week during the second irradiation method followed by sinus curetting at the end of initial treatment. Histologically confirmed recurrence was removed by maxillectomy, if possible. The three year cumulative survival rates in the four groups were 27.1% (first group), 55.1% (second group), 53.5% (third group) and 53.1% (fourth group). The three year local non-recurrence rates after initial treatment without maxillectomy were 26.4%, 31.1%, 55.8% and 45.4%, respectively. The frequency of distant metastasis without local recurrence was as high as 12.3% in the third group and conversely 5.6% in the fourth. These results demonstrated the usefulness of cryosurgery.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed1983

[A case of a scrotal hemo-lymphangioma].

A nineteen-year-old man with a painless tumor in the right scrotal area was seen at our Department. The scrotal mass had been noticed from his childhood. The tumor was 8.2 X 5.2 X 5.0 cm weighed 47.3 g. Histological examination revealed hemo-lymphangioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Chemically defined medium for high yields of sterigmatocystin.

Isolate of Aspergillus versicolor strain produced 138 micrograms/ml of sterigmatocystin in a complete synthetic medium containing sucrose, salts, 1-phenylalanine, and Ca-pantothenate. The SSP (sucrose salts phenylalanine) medium apparently provided all necessary ingredients for the production of high levels of sterigmatocystin. For optimal sterigmatocystin formation, the amounts of sucrose and 1-phenylalanine were found to be 200 g and 5 g per liter, respectively. When Ca-pantothenate (0.01 g per liter) added, much higher amounts of sterigmatocystin were recovered, whereas CaCl2 addition (0.01%) drastically reduced the yield. The high levels of sterigmatocystin were recovered in the cultures which incubated stationary at 26 to 29 degrees C for over 12 days. Seven strains or isolates tested yielded high levels of sterigmatocystin in the SSP medium, whereas in each other media such as YES medium and rich medium only one isolate yielded highest amount of sterigmatocystin was found.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1982

Malignant histiocytosis with slow clinical course.

Previously we reported that malignant histiocytosis presenting as lethal midline granuloma (MH-LMG) showed rapidly progressive course (mean survival 14 months). Because of the same biopsy findings of polymorphic cellular infiltrates (PCI), we considered that MH-LMG and midline malignant reticulosis (MMR) are similar disease. In this paper, we studied 5 cases with MH-LMG showing slow clinical course with more than 5 year survivals, and a similarity found in MH-LMG and MMR in which disseminated and localized disease are present, is discussed. Among clinical data, no abnormality in hematologic findings in MH-LMG with slow clinical course was the only different point from that with progressive course. Biopsy findings of PCI in which atypical histiocytes with positive reactions for lysozyme by immunoperoxidase procedures were present, were identical with those in MH-LMG with progressive course. Autopsy findings justified a diagnosis of MH. MH with slow clinical course seems to be identical with MMR showing localized lesion. Therefore a term MMR should be replaced by a term MH-LMG in the classification of LMG.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dye-coupled electrode system for the rapid determination of cell populations in polluted water.

We determined cell populations in polluted waters by using a fuel cell-type electrode. The electrode was constructed from a platinum anode, a silver peroxide cathode, and a membrane filter for retaining microorganisms. The principle of cell number determination is based on sensing a redox dye reduced by the microorganisms with the electrode. Sample solutions containing microorganisms were membrane filtered, and the resulting filter containing microbial cells was attached to the surface of a platinum anode. The electrode was immersed in phosphate buffer solution (0.05 M, pH 7) containing a redox dye (2,4-dichlorophenol-indophenol), and the current generated was measured. The response time of the electrode system was 10 to 20 min, and the current generated was proportional to cell populations above 10(4) cells/ml.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1982

Organization of the facial nucleus in the rat.

The topographic organization of the facial nucleus motoneurons in the rat was investigated with the horseradish peroxidase retrograde tracing method using tetramethyl benzidine as a chromogen. Facial muscles were 'represented' on the facial nucleus in an orderly fashion. For example, the motoneurons supplying the rostral (nasolabial) muscles are laterally placed, whereas those supplying the caudal (auricular) muscles are medially placed. Notable findings in this study are: (i) the relatively unremarkable size of the nasolabial (vibrissal) muscle representation; there does not seem to be an increase in size of this part of the nucleus, commensurate with the specialized sensory functions of the vibrissal area of the face and (ii) the neurons supplying the posterior belly of the digastric are found in the suprafacial nucleus which lies about 1 mm dorsal to the main facial nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Influence of glucocorticoids on mammary prolactin receptors in pregnant mice after ovariectomy.

Regulation of mammary prolactin receptors by steroid hormones was investigated in ovariectomized mid-pregnant mice. Ovariectomy increased the number of mammary prolactin receptors per cell with no effect or a slight decrease in dissociation constant (Kd). The simultaneous removal of adrenals prevented this increase in numbers. A single injection of glucocorticoid (corticosterone or cortisol) in ovariectomized-adrenalectomized mice restored the number of prolactin receptors in mammary glands to the same level as that in ovariectomized controls without changing the Kd. Aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone and oestradiol did not affect the number of mammary prolactin receptors after ovariectomy-adrenalectomy. Serum concentration of prolactin was not influenced by the hormone manipulation except with injections of oestradiol or cortisol and apparently did not correlate with the number of prolactin receptors. These results indicated that glucocorticoids are required for the increase in the number of mammary prolactin receptors induced by ovariectomy in mid-pregnant mice.

Adrenalectomy↗