As there are controversies about the specificity and the sensitivity of the amylase clearance/inulin clearance ratio (Cam/Cin) in the diagnosis of pancreatitis, this ratio has been calculated: (a) in rats with induced pancreatitis with histologically proven lesions; (b) in toxic induced tubulopathy rats with lesions demonstrated histologically and biologically (enzymuria). Hyperamylasaemia was found in 86% of the pancreatitis rats at 24 h, 50% at 48 h and 25% at 60 h. The ratio Cam/Cin was elevated above 2 SD of the control values among 14% of the rats at 24 h, 50% at 48 h and 25% at 60 h. There were no changes in enzyme elimination rates in the urine as compared to control values. Renal histology remained normal. Histological scores expressing a severe haemorrhagic pancreatitis were identical at 24, 48 ad 60 h. In toxic induced tubulopathy rats, amylasaemia remained normal. but the Cam/Cin ratio only increased when the glomerular filtration rate was diminished by 90%. The diagnosis could only be made by hyperamylasaemia in 50% of the histologically proven pancreatitis in the rat. The use of the ratio Cam/Cin does not increase the frequency of a correct diagnosis. Finally, amylase must be only filtered by the kidney as no tubular enzymes appeared in the urine of pancreatitis rats. Furthermore, this ratio is not specific for pancreatitis as it could be elevated in other pathologic states such as severe renal failure.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1980

[Endoscopic polypectomy in the early diagnosis of colonic carcinoma].

281 colonic polypectomies, some of which were incomplete, were performed in 202 patients, revealing the presence of 19 (6.8%) non-adenomatous polyps, 218 (77.6%) benign adenomas, 23 (8.2%) adenomas with superficial carcinoma, 12 (4.3%) adenomas with invasive carcinoma and 9 (3.2%) polypoid carcinomas. Malignant adenomas are found in patients of 30 and over, being 3.5 times more frequent when the polyp has villous patterns. Their incidence increases with the diameter of the poly. 21 patients (12.5%) were submitted to further surgery on the basis of endoscopic or histological data. The significance of endoscopic polypectomy is discussed.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1980

[Pancreatic cancer in Geneva. Anatomic-clinical study on 177 cases].

Carcinoma of the pancreas ranks in the 4th place among the causes of death due to tumour in the U.S.A. and the 5th in Geneva. 177 cases of pancreatic carcinoma (necropsies, resections and biopsies) were examined at the Geneva Departement of Pathology between July 1st, 1971 and December 31st, 1978. There was an equal sex distribution among the post-mortem cases while a female predominance (1.5x) was found in the cases obtained by biopsy or surgical resection. The mean age was higher in necropsy cases (69.6 years) than in surgical cases (61.2 years). The most common site was the head of the pancreas (57.5%). Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histologic type (86.5%). The majority of metastases found at necropsy were in the liver (61.3%), regional lymph nodes (51.1%), peritoneum (27.7%) and lungs (26.3%). The most frequent causes of death were lung embolism (24%), bronchopneumonia (16%), tumour or metastases (14.6%) or cachexia (8.8%). Prognosis was always severe, with an average survival time varying between 4 and 10 months depending on the type of surgical treatment (palliative surgery or resection). These results are similar to those of other series in the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1980

Cystadenoma of the pancreas: a histological, histochemical and ultrastructural study of seven cases.

Seven cases of cystadenoma of the pancreas were examined in detail histologically and histochemically and two variants were identified: a microcyst type lined by glycogen-rich cuboidal epithelium which also secretes some neutral mucins; and macrocystic type lined exclusively by mucus-secreting columnar cells which secrete predominantly sulphated acidic mucins with some neutral mucins. Electron microscopy of two cases of the microcystic variant showed neoplastic cells with an ultrastructure comparable to that of centroacinar cells of the normal exocrine pancreas.

Aged↗

PubMed1980

[Segmental colonic lipomatosis. A case of isolated caecocolonic lipomatosis (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of isolated segmental caecocolonic lipomatosis complicated by infarts. The diagnosis was made from the urgent symptoms and treatment was by simple right colectomy and immediate reconstitution of continuity.

Cecal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1980

Use of limitations of radiolabeled anti-CEA antibodies and their fragments for photoscanning detection of human colorectal carcinomas.

Fifty-three patients with histologically proven carcinoma were injected with highly purified [131I]-labeled goat antibodies or fragments of antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Each patient was tested by external photoscanning 4, 24, 36 and 48 h after injection. In 22 patients (16 of 38 injected with intact antibodies, 5 of 13 with F(ab')2 fragments and 1 of 2 with Fab' fragments), an increased concentration of 131I radioactivity corresponding to the previously known tumor location was detected by photoscanning 36-48 h after injection. Blood pool and secreted radioactivity was determined in all patients by injecting 15 min before scanning, [99mTc]-labeled normal serum albumin and free 99mTc04-. The computerized subtraction of 99mTc from 131I radioactivity enhanced the definition of tumor localization in the 22 positive patients. However, in spite of the computerized subtraction, interpretation of the scans remained doubtful for 12 patients and was entirely negative for 19 additional patients. In order to provide a more objective evaluation for the specificity of the tumor localization of antibodies, 14 patients scheduled for tumor resection were injected simultaneously with [131I]-labeled antibodies or fragments and with [125I]-labeled normal goat IgG or fragments. After surgery, the radioactivity of the two isotopes present either in tumor or adjacent normal tissues was measured in a dual channel scintillation counter. The results showed that the antibodies or their fragments were 2-4 times more concentrated in the tumor than in the normal tissues. In addition, it was shown that the injected antibodies formed immune complexes with circulating CEA and that the amount of immune complexes detectable in serum was roughly proportional to the level of circulating CEA.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[Severe colitis with eosinophilia].

A 23-year-old woman from the French Antilles was successfully treated for intestinal and hepatic schistosomiasis, as evidenced by the normalization of immunofluorescence titers and many negative histogogical controls. She presented, however, persistent colitis with marked eosinophilia (eosinophils in excess of 50,000/mm3). No precise diagnosis could be established in spite of all parasitological, allergological, hematological and gastroenterological investigations. The colon was the only organ involved and showed colitis of a type unclassifiable both endoscopically and histologically. Massive infiltration by eosinophils was present. Temporary relief was achieved with steroids but the clinical condition of the patient became dramatic. Three years after the onset of the illness total colectomy was performed, sparing the rectum. After surgery all manifestations of disease disappeared and for ten months the number of eosinophils was normal. Ileorectal continuity could be re-established. Ten months after reanastomosis there was recurrence of bleeding from the rectum and eosiophils once again reached levels of 2340/mm3. The differential diagnosis of this colitis associated with eosinophilia is discussed. To our knowledge it does not correspond to any clinical entity described so far.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Carcinoma of the anal canal. Anatomical study of 21 cases].

21 cases of carcinoma of the anal canal in 20 patients are reported. There is a marked predominance in females (17 cases). The preferential location is the posterior wall of the anal canal. Basaloid type carcinoma is most frequent. At the time of diagnosis most patients exhibited marked extension of the tumour, either in the form of infiltration of adjacent organs (10/18 cases), especially to the rectovaginal space, or of metastases to regional lymph nodes or elswhere. The prognosis is as a rule poor. Apart from 3 patients still living, there were no survivors at 3 years.

Aged↗

PubMed1979

[Prospective study of digestive tumor detection by endoscopy: a comparison of brush cytology and histology].

The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic appearance, histology and brush cytology has been compared in a prospective study of 192 cases involving esogastric lesions. Macroscopic diagnosis of malignancy was more frequent in benign lesions (23/145) than in true malignancies (21/42). Histology was positive in 29/36 tumors and cytology in 23/36. In cytology there were no false negatives in esophageal tumors, but there were 52% false negatives in gastric tumors and 66% in carcinoma in situ. The combination of the 2 methods resulted in a correct diagnosis in 86% of the tumors in this study.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1979

[Malignant melanoma of the cervix uteri].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cervix Uteri↗

PubMed1979

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with gastrointestinal carcinoma. Report of two cases in a family.

Patients with the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome carry a slight, though definite, increased risk of gastrointestinal carcinoma. The malignant potentiality of Peutz-Jeghers hamartomatous polyps, generally considered benign, is supported by this report. Two cases of metastasising gastrointestinal carcinoma associated with the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are described in a 56 year old female and her 29 year old son. Both mother and son died from duodenal and gastric carcinomas respectively, which developed in hamartomatous polyps with extensive metastases. Both cases also showed dysplastic areas within hamartomatous polyps. These features indicate that hamartomatous polyps may, in some cases, be the precursors of digestive tract carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1978

[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. 8 cases and review of the literature].

Eight cases of angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy were recently diagnosed at the University Hospital of Geneva. The disease was characterized by generalized adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and sometimes skin rash. Six patients had polyclonal dysproteinemia and two displayed autoimmune disorders, e.g. Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia. Lymph node biopsy was a decisive pointer for the diagnosis. Four patients died, two of them from immunoblastic lymphoma. Four other patients are in remission, the longest follow-up being 91 months. Analysis of 213 cases from the literature shows the following features:--Males and females are equally affected, with a predominance after the age of 50.--The onset is characterized by constitutional symptoms (75%) and fever (65%), sometimes following exposure to drugs.--The signs are generalized adenopathy (91%), splenomegaly (66%), hepatomeagly (65%), and skin rash (46).--Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (76%) is found, together with anemia (78%) which is often autoimmune in origin (58%).--The course is often unfavourable and the mortality is over 55%, largely due to opportunistic infections and/or development of immunoblastic lymphoma.

Adult↗