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Biomedical subjects

S Widgren

Publications and source records attributed to S Widgren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Pseudomembranous colitis caused by the ingestion of colocynth].

A 61-year-old woman presented with an acute condition involving confusion, abdominal cramps and bloody diarrhea six hours after accidental ingestion of colocynth mistaken for zucchini. Colonoscopic examination revealed pseudomembranous colitis though the patient had no condition known to be associated with pseudomembranous colitis. Within ten days the mental state returned to normal and the colitis resolved completely. It is suggested that the colitis was caused by the ingestion of colocynth.

Cathartics↗
PubMed1987

Exocrine pancreatic nodules after longterm pancreaticobiliary diversion in rats. An effect of raised CCK plasma concentrations.

Surgical diversion of bile and pancreatic secretions to the mid small bowel has been shown to provoke increased CCK plasma concentration and growth of the pancreas in rats. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of chronic pancreaticobiliary diversion on pancreatic morphology as well as the circulating concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide, secretin, gastrin, and CCK. Fifteen month diversion provoked 73 and 86% increases in pancreatic weight and volume (p less than 0.001). Cholecystokinin blood concentration increased by 98%, from 20.9 +/- 5.7 pg/ml in controls to 41.3 +/- 5.4 after diversion (p less than 0.05), but pancreatic polypeptide, secretin, and gastrin levels were not affected. The volume of the exocrine pancreas doubled from 1104.6 +/- 78.2 mm3 in controls to 2201.2 +/- 229.2 (p less than 0.001), with a matching increase in interstitial tissue. On the contrary, the volume of the endocrine pancreas remained unchanged. Hyperplastic nodules developed in the exocrine pancreas, in 71% of diverted rats, but not in transected controls. We conclude from these observations that chronic diversion of bile and pancreatic juice stimulated pancreatic growth, most likely through a persistent rise of CCK plasma concentrations. Furthermore, this long lasting stimulation induced the development of exocrine pancreatic nodules.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastrointestinal tract: possible origin in myofibroblasts? A study of twelve cases.

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (eosinophilic granuloma) is a rare benign condition found in the gastro-intestinal tract. Approximately 200 cases have been described in the literature. It is generally considered as a granulation tissue of a peculiar type; however its cellular composition remains controversial. Either macrophages, fibroblasts or myofibroblasts have been proposed as its main cellular constituents. A retrospective study of 12 cases (8 gastric and 4 intestinal locations) based on histology, immuno-histochemistry and electron microscopy, would suggest that this condition is truly a peculiar type of granulation tissue made up primarily of myofibroblasts.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Malignant paraganglioma of the duodenum. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of a case].

Paragangliomas of the duodenum are rare. Only 40 cases, most of them corresponding to benign tumours, have been published. In this study, we report a malignant paraganglioma of the duodenum with lymph node metastasis occurring in a 73 year old woman. The essential clinical manifestations which brought the patient to surgery were abdominal pain, melaena and anemia. The surgical specimen was investigated histologically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. The tumour was composed of three types of cells: epithelial, gangliocytic and spindle shaped mesenchymal cells. The first contained ultrastructurally intracytoplasmic granules bound with double membranes; they stained with monoclonal antibodies against chromogranin. Gangliocytic cells stained with monoclonal N.S.E. antibodies and the spindle cells stained with S 100 protein. The spindle cells displayed ultrastructurally glial cell characteristics, containing micro-filaments of glial type. These immunological and ultrastructural features argued in favor of the neuroendocrine cell origin of this paraganglioma.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Acinar cell carcinoma of the salivary glands].

Between 1972 and 1985, eleven cases of acinic cell carcinoma were treated at the ENT clinic of the University Hospital Geneva. Eight of them were located in the parotid gland, three in minor salivary glands, two of these on the hard palate and one on the lower lip. Local recurrence occurred in four cases: two were recurrences of a parotid gland carcinoma and two of a minor salivary gland carcinoma. Three patients developed metastases, two in cervical lymph nodes and one in the lungs. Two tumours presented a very aggressive local development. Hence, the acinic cell carcinoma has a significant tendency to recur, to produce metastases, and may have an aggressive evolution. Radical treatment by surgery is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Gastrointestinal manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; case studies of 14 patients].

The gastrointestinal manifestations seen in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are discussed based on the observation of 14 patients with a positive serology for LAV/HTLV III antibody. AIDS was confirmed in 8 cases and AIDS related complex (ARC) in 6 cases. Risk groups included 6 homosexuals, 6 drug abusers and 2 patients from Zaïre. All the AIDS cases underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy; in 5 patients a necropsy was performed. Evaluation of the immune status showed lymphopenia and a decreased ratio of OKT4/OKT8. Clinical and pathological observations are discussed sequentially. Acute esophagitis includes cases of Candida albicans super-infection, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex. Acute enteritis and colitis were seen in association with cryptosporidium, Isospora belli and CMV. 3 cases were found to have chronic duodenitis and malabsorption. Digestive lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma were seen in 3 cases. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal infections in AIDS is important in view of the high morbidity and serious secondary complications.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Prolonged survey of cases of pulmonary hypertension in relation to consumption of aminorex. Histological, quantitative and morphometric study of 9 cases].

The lesions of pulmonary muscular arteries of 9 female patients who died of pulmonary hypertensive disease between 9 and 17 years after intake of an anorexigenic drug, aminorex fumarate, have been examined by various methods (light microscopy, numeration of lesions, morphometry). The numeration of lesions showed the predominance of fibrotic and dilatation lesions, but also the presence of active lesions (intimal hyperplasia, plexiform lesions). Morphometry revealed an increase in mean thickness of the media, compared to that of the arteries of controls or those of a previous series, and a reduction in mean vascular volume. The existence of sclerotic lesions and reduction of vascular volume may explain the persistence of pulmonary hypertension, which fresh lesions helped to aggravate. It seems likely that functional and morphologic modifications due to the action of the drug had become self-perpetuating and may finally have induced the fatal outcome in these patients many years after intake of the slimming pill.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Tomographic imaging of the human thyroid using 124I.

After receiving between 100 and 300 mu Ci of the positron-emitting radioisotope 124I (half-life, 4.2 days), 64 patients with a variety of thyroid disorders were imaged with a high resolution positron camera. A 3-dimensional image of the distribution of radioiodine uptake within the thyroid was obtained from a single 10- to 15-min scan. This image may be viewed as a sequence of 2-mm thick transverse, sagittal, or frontal sections or as a 3-dimensional shaded surface. The functional volume of the thyroid may be estimated by counting the volume elements (voxels) inside the thyroid surface. The precision of the estimate varied from 6-15%, depending on the size and clinical status of the thyroid. The volume estimation procedure was validated with phantoms and with the thyroids of patients who subsequently underwent partial thyroidectomy. This 3-dimensional imaging technique may be useful for diagnosis and management of thyroid diseases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Malignant immunoblastic lymphoma with filopodia (so-called anemone or porcupine cell tumour).

The ultrastructure of a lymph node showed cells with cytoplasmic projections described by other authors as anemone cell tumour or porcupine cells. Histology and immunohistochemistry have shown that this tumour is a malignant B cell lymphoma, immunoblastic, with Kappa light chains. Our findings thus confirm recent studies suggesting that some of these tumours were malignant lymphomas.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1984

[Surgery of non-malignant disorders of the cecum].

In a total series of 207 complete or partial cecal resections during the last 6 years, 132 cecal lesions were found. 64 of the lesions were malignant and 68 benign. In the same period 2657 appendicectomies were performed. Histological analysis of the resected nonmalignant cecal lesions (partial cecectomy , ileocecectomy , right hemicolectomy and total colectomy) revealed ulcerative colitis in 25%, Crohn's disease in 20%, inflammatory pseudotumor in 15%, familial polyposis in 11%, benign tumors in 15% and various rare affections in 15%. From the topographical point of view one third of the lesions mainly involved the cecum, one third all of the colon, 20% the ileocecal area and 10% originated from the appendix vermiformis. The fact that the benign cecal lesions are probably as frequent as malignant cecal lesions shows that importance of good preoperative investigations in order to establish optimum surgical tactics and to prevent functional sequelae as a result of too generous resections. Therefore, histological analysis before or during surgery is of prime importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Inflammatory fibroid polyps of the digestive tract. Apropos of 5 cases].

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) is an infrequent condition of the digestive tract which is most often observed in the gastric antrum and ileum. It is known by several synonyms (Vanek tumour, eosinophilic granuloma, etc.) and is sometimes mistaken for eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Its main clinical features are abdominal pain, ulcer-like syndrome, obstruction and/or haemorrhage. It usually runs a benign course and surgery remains the treatment of choice. Its aetiology is unknown. Five cases of gastric IFP are described, one of which was diagnosed from endoscopic biopsies before resection. This is a very uncommon feature which, to our knowledge, has not previously been reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Appendicular invagination and post-appendectomy invagination].

Intussusception of the appendix is an uncommon event (200 cases previously reported) and intussusception after appendicectomy is rare (20 cases previously published). Two recent cases are reported, the first with primary appendiceal intussusception and the second ileocolic intussusception after appendicectomy. In the second case the final pathology report revealed an intussuscepted caecal duplication responsible for the ileocolic intussusception. This event has not been previously reported. Symptomatology, investigation, classification, differential diagnosis and surgical tactics are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pseudotumoral enterocolitis and massive eosinophilia.

We report a seven year history of a 23 year old woman born in the Antilles, with pseudotumoral enterocolitis and massive eosinophilia. In 1973 she developed a haemorrhagic colitis with massive peripheral eosinophilia of up to 60000/mm3. Medical treatment, mainly corticosteroids, failed to control the disease. The patient temporarily improved after colectomy and remained in remission for two years. In 1978 the disease recurred in the rectum and small intestine with formation of tumour-like granulomata and massive infiltration by eosinophils, unresponsive to corticosteroids. Intestinal blood and protein loss continued until death seven years after onset. In spite of exhaustive investigation, no parasites, allergens, or other aetiological agents could be found. As only the gut was infiltrated, the hypereosinophilic syndrome could be excluded. The enterocolitis here described does not correspond to an eosinophilic gastroenteritis, nor to other known inflammatory bowel diseases and to our knowledge has not been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Muscular abnormalities of the small intestine. Their possible role in ischemic lesions of the intestine].

An association was noticed between ischaemic lesions of the gut and perivascular and entero-mesenteric smooth muscle bundles in the intestinal wall which has not been reported in the literature. Having observed these abnormalities in two ischaemic intestinal specimens, a retrospective study was undertaken to determine their frequency. 148 specimens from 137 patients with ischaemic lesions, covering a period of five years, were examined. 33 specimens were devoid of abnormal muscular structures. Among the remaining 115 specimens, 66 (57,4%) presented perivascular bundles at different levels of the thickness of the wall and/or mesentery. Some of these bundles contained nerve plexuses. 25 specimens had entero-mesenteric bundles. Of a control group of 67 surgical specimens devoid of ischaemic lesions, 17 had perivascular bundles and 8 entero-mesenteric structures. It is postulated that the abnormal perivascular structures may contribute to the genesis of the ischaemic gut lesions. The entero-mesenteric bundles may serve simply as anchors in the mesentery.

Adolescent↗