PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Chimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Chimura.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical effect of aztreonam in infections in obstetrics and gynecology].

Aztreonam (SQ 26,776, AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic, was studied in obstetrics and gynecology with the following results. For the study of tissue penetration, 1 g AZT was administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour. The concentration was high in elbow venous blood and uterine arterial blood 60 minutes after the administration. Each uterine tissue concentration other than the endometrium was as high as 26.7-31.7% of the blood level and salpinx and ovary concentration were 25.9% and 5.2%, respectively. Each tissue concentration decreased to less than 0.6 microgram/g in the uterine, the ovary and the salpinx 280 minutes thereafter. In the review of obstetric and gynecologic genital infections, clinical efficacy of AZT was "poor" for 1-endometritis, "poor" for 1-pyometra, "excellent" for 1-puerperal fever, "excellent" (1) and "good" (2) for 3-pelvioperitonitis, "excellent" for 1-parametritis and "good" for 2-infectious lymphocele with overall effective rate of 77.8% (7/9). AZT was microbiologically effective for Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, etc. As for safety, neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings in the examination of blood, hepatic function, renal function and urine due to AZT were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The effect of cefmenoxime in protection against postoperative infection in common gynecological surgery].

Cefmenoxime (CMX) was administered to protect against postoperative infections in 52 cases of cesarean section and 50 cases of total abdominal hysterectomy. These two represent common operations in the gynecological field. Group I was given the agent at a total dose of 14 g (postoperatively 4, 4, 2, 2 and 2 g), group II at a total dose of 10 g (postoperatively 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2 g) and group III at a total dose of 10 g (2 g during operation and postoperatively 2, 2, 2 and 2 g). 1. When comparing the fever index between the groups, group III showed the lowest level regardless of the type of operation. 2. When comparing clinical test values between the groups, low values of white blood cell count (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.01) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P less than 0.05) were observed in group III with cesarean section, and significant decreases in white blood cell count (P less than 0.05) and CRP (P less than 0.01, P less than 0.001) were observed in group III with total abdominal hysterectomy. The above results indicate that the administration of CMX during operation was the most effective method of administration for protection against postoperative infections in terms of changes in fever index and clinical test values.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical studies on cefminox in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical and laboratory studies on cefminox (CMNX, MT-141), a new injectable cephamycin antibiotic, were made in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and following results were obtained. In the clinical trial, 12 cases were treated with CMNX given by intravenous drip infusion. The results were excellent in 2 cases, good in 8 cases and poor in 2 cases. The effectiveness rate was 83.3%. No side effect was recognized. No significant changes of laboratory findings were noticed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Efficacy of ceftriaxone against gynecoobstetric infections].

Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), a newly developed parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic was clinically evaluated in gynecoobstetric infections and the following results were obtained. CTRX was administered by intravenous drip infusion twice a day in a daily dose of 2 to 4 g to 10 cases with gynecoobstetric infections, consisting of 8 with intrauterine infections, 1 with adnexitis and 1 with infection of external genitalia. The global clinical efficacy was excellent in 2 and good in 6 out of 8 cases with intrauterine infections, and in 2 others, the efficacy rate being 100%. Bacteriologically, the eradication of bacteria was observed in 5, unchange in 2 and alternation of bacteria in 2 among 9 cases where the causative strains were detected. Neither adverse reaction nor laboratory test abnormality was observed. The above-mentioned results suggest that CTRX is a highly safe antibiotic expected to be excellent in the clinical efficacy and bacteriological effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Microbial flora of the cervix from rupture of the membranes and the antibacterial effect of amniotic fluid].

The endocervical flora was examined in 20 with rupture of membranes, 20 pregnant women served as control. The isolated organisms were aerobic and anaerobic in both groups, whereas P. cepacia was common in group of rupture of membranes, but another microorganisms were not statistically significant. Culture specimens taken from the vagina in nonpregnant women showed a higher presence of total bacteria than did those in pregnant women. The MICs of ampicillin (ABPC) were measured against isolated aerobic organisms from rupture of membranes. The distribution of sensitivity of Bacillus sp. was 0.20 microgram/ml, but another organisms were inhibited in concentration of higher than 3.13 micrograms/ml. The antibacterial effect of amniotic fluid during 24 weeks of gestation on S. aureus and S. pyogenes, but during 34 to 39 weeks of gestation the amniotic fluid has inhibitory effect only on the growth of K. pneumoniae. In contrast, the growth of E. coli was not inhibited by amniotic fluid during 24 to 39 weeks of gestation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical effect of cefpiramide against infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical study on cefpiramide (CPM, SM-1652), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was carried out and the following results were obtained. CPM was intravenously administrated at a daily dose of 2 g to 8 cases including 2 cases with intrauterine infection, 3 cases with adnexitis, 2 cases with intrapelvic infection and 1 case with external genital infection. All cases responded to the drug, and marked response was seen in 2 cases, moderate response in 6 cases. Neither side effects nor abnormal values in clinical laboratory findings attributable to the drug were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical evaluation of sulbactam/cefoperazone for infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

A daily dose of 2 or 4 grams of sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) by drip infusion was given to 12 patients with gyneco-obstetrical infections and the results were following: The clinical effect was judged excellent in 2 cases, good in 9 cases and poor in 1 case, and the effective rate was 91.7%. Except for Streptococcus faecalis, the bacteriological effect was sufficient. A good effect was also seen in Pseudomonas cepacia resistant organism to other cephem antibiotics. Diarrhea was observed in 1 patient, and increases of GOT and GPT, possibly attributable to concomitantly used anticancer agent, were detected in another patient. In conclusion, SBT/CPZ with a 91.7% of efficacy rate, was useful in infections caused by beta-lactamase producing organisms and, thus, a useful agent for gyneco-obstetrical infections.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical studies on T-1982 (cefbuperazone) in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical studies on T-1982 (cefbuperazone) were performed in 20 patients of obstetrics and gynecology, and the following results were obtained. Clinical effect: The effectiveness was 100% (excellent in 5 cases, good in 4 cases) in intrauterine infection, 75% in adnexitis (excellent in 1 case, good in 2 cases, poor in 1 case), 100% in pelveoperitonitis (excellent in 2 cases, good in 2 cases), 0% in parametritis (poor in 1 case) and 100% in Bartholin's abscess (good in 2 cases), with the overall effectiveness rate of 90% (excellent in 8 cases, good in 10 cases, poor in 2 cases). Bacteriological effect: A total of 17 strains was isolated from 12 out of 20 cases. Fourteen out of 17 strains were aerobic organisms (7 of E. coli, 4 of Klebsiella, 2 of S. faecalis and 1 of S. epidermidis) and 3 out of 17 strains were anaerobes (each 1 strain of B. fragilis, P. prevotii and P. anaerobius) and all of them were eliminated. No side effects due to this drug were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of the clinical effect of ceftazidime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Ceftazidime (CAZ) was administered to patients with obstetrical and gynecological infectious diseases and we studied its clinical effect: CAZ was administered to 24 patients at a dose of 2--4 g per day (twice a day) by drip infusion over a period of 3--11 days (total 6--32 g). The subjects included 19 cases of intrauterine infection, 4 of adnexitis, and 1 of infection of the external genital organs. The overall clinical results were excellent in 6 cases and good in 18 cases, the efficacy rate being 100%. For bacteriological study, 26 strains were isolated from 16 patients. These included Gram-positive bacteria (10 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (6 strains) and anaerobes (10 strains). After CAZ treatment, 4 strains (S. mitis 1, E. coli 1, P. anaerobius 1, B. melaninogenicus 1) were eliminated, but as to the other 22 strains, the results were unknown, because we could not examine microbiology after administration. No clinical side effect or abnormality in laboratory findings was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effect of cefotetan against infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynaecology].

Clinical study on cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic, was carried out and the following results were obtained. CTT was intravenously administered at a daily dose of 2 to 4 g to 24 cases including 10 cases with intrauterine infection, 2 cases with adnexitis, 6 cases with intrapelvic infection and 6 cases with extragenital infection. Marked response was seen in 8 cases, moderate response in 15 and no response in 1. Neither side effects nor abnormal values in clinical laboratory tests were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Transfer of fosfomycin sodium into the pelvic organs].

To confirm efficacy and safety of fosfomysin sodium (FOM-Na) in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, hemodynamics and pelvic transference were analyzed using so-called three-compartment model in adult women treated with the drug at a dose of 2 g either as an one shot injection or an intravenous infusion over 1 hour. Following results were obtained. 1. Hemodynamics in these patients were similar to those obtained in healthy adult males, although there was a tendency that levels reached were lower and elimination was more rapid in cases of genital cancer. 2. As to drug concentration of dead cavity fluid, Tmax appeared at 1.75 hours after completion of administration irrespective of administration methods, with Cmax being 67.8 micrograms/ml and 50.5 micrograms/ml of intravenous injection and intravenous infusion, respectively. Thereafter, there was no difference between two administration methods. 3. Uterine tissue concentration reached to its Tmax at 15 to 30 minutes after intravenous injection and within 10 minutes after completion of intravenous infusion, Cmax being higher than 90 micrograms/g. Even at 5 hours, 15 to 25 micrograms/g of the drug was detected. From these results and from susceptibilities of clinical isolates to the drug, it was considered that FOM-Na at a dose level of 2 g is highly effective in the treatment of various infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology including intrapelvic infections, uterine infections and adnexitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[The effect of indomethacin on placental permeability and the fetal lung circulation].

Administration of indomethacin, a typical representative agent among the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (PGSI) causes contraction of the fetal ductus arteriosus and recently the relationship between these PGSI-type agents and the development of persistent fetal circulation (PFC) has been gaining attention in medical circles. Therefore, we studied the pharmacokinetics of indomethacin and its effect on the fetal lung. 1) Indomethacin (i.v.) was administered to near-term rabbits and its placental passage was studied. As to the chronological changes of this preparation in fetal blood, the maximum concentration and half-life were delayed compared with the changes in maternal blood. The concentration of indomethacin in fetal blood remained constant at around 33 percent irrespective of the doses to the mother and the number of gestational days. 2) When we administered indomethacin (0.5mg X 5 days, s.c.) to pregnant Wistar rats, neonatal findings (after spontaneous delivery) showed death in 7.0% and asphyxia in 10.5% of the neonates. Thus a significantly higher rate of abnormalities was observed in the neonates after spontaneous delivery compared with those delivered by laparotomy. During our histopathological studies of the lungs of the neonates, the complication of emphysema was observed in 2/4 of the dead neonates but no other abnormal findings were made. Hypertrophy of the pulmonary vascular bed in neonatal rats was not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of antibiotics in gynecologic infections].

The clinical effects of antibiotics (lincomycin, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, piperacillin, fosfomycin, cefmenoxime, cefotetan, cefbuperazone, cefpiramide and ceftazidime) were evaluated in gynecologic infections. 1. A total of 161 patients with gynecologic infections was treated with each antibiotic and an overall response rate was 150/161 (93.2%). The efficacy rate was 72/78 (92.3%) in intrauterine infection, 29/31 (93.5%) in uterine adnexitis, 22/25 (88.0%) in intrapelvic infection and 27/27 (100%) in external genital infection. 2. Each antibiotic proved bacteriologically effective in 94.3% of the patients with simple intrauterine infection, in 84.0% of patients with mixed intrauterine infection, in 100% of 6 patients with uterine adnexitis, in 100% of 11 with intrapelvic infection and in 100% of 25 with external genital infection. There were 160 isolated organisms with clinical effective rate of 93.8%. Eleven (6.8%) of 161 patients had infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and all of them showed clinical response to therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Abortifacient effect and uterine cervix-dilating action of 16, 16-dimethyl trans delta 2 PGE1 methyl ester (ONO 802) in the form of a vaginal suppository (a randomized, double-blind, controlled study in the second trimester of pregnancy).

A newly synthesized 16, 16-dimethyl trans delta 2 PGE1 methyl ester (ONO 802) was clinically applied in the form of a vaginal suppository for therapeutic abortion of second trimester pregnancies. Its effects were studied in a double-blind test comparing it with an inactive placebo suppository. The study was conducted at 12 Japanese university hospitals. The number of patients was 125 in total, i.e. 63 receiving ONO 802 vaginal suppository (containing 1.0 mg ONO 802) and 62 receiving inactive placebo suppository. ONO 802 was more effective than placebo with a success rate of 87% (complete (71%) and incomplete (16%) abortions). The onset of uterine contractions was observed in 154.3+/-18.1 min. and the onset of uterine bleeding in 323.6+/-41.0 min. The expulsion of the fetus and placenta was observed in 955.4+/-97.0 and 961.6+/-97.0 min., respectively. The cervix dilating effect of ONO 802 was observed in 63.5% of the patients at 3 hours after the start of administration. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and pyrexia were noticed. However, all these side effects were transient and mild, requiring no treatment. No abnormality was observed in the puerperal course, duration of uterine bleeding or onset of subsequent menstruation following the therapeutic abortion. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that ONO 802 vaginal suppository was an effective and valuable drug for therapeutic abortion of second trimester pregnancies.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Preclinical study of third generation beta 2-stimulant (procaterol) on inhibition of uterine contraction (author's transl)].

A preclinical study was carried out on the beta 2-effect of procaterol, a new third generation beta 2-stimulant, by testing its inhibitory effect on uterine contraction. 1) The inhibitory effect of procaterol on uterine contraction in pregnant rats showed the same pattern as did treatment with second generation beta 2-stimulants (terbutaline, ritodrine). Procaterol showed the inhibitory effect at the lowest dose (0.05 microgram/ml) of the 20 inhibitory substances. 2) As for changes in c-AMP and c-GMP after administering procaterol to rats in the later stage of pregnancy, an increase in c-AMP and a decrease in c-GMP were observed, and the % changes were lower than the second generation beta 2-stimulants (in vitro). Likewise, in the in vivo study, changes in serum c-AMP in pregnant rats showed the same tendency as did the in vitro study. The c-AMP values in uterus, placenta and fetus increased as they did after treatment with ritodrine. Changes in c-GMP, however, showed different results after treatment with ritodrine, and an increase in the uterus and liver was observed but no changes were observed in the placenta and fetus.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of the clinical effect and tissue distribution of piperacillin in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Piperacillin (PIPC) was administered to patients with obstetrical and gynecological infectious diseases and we studied its clinical effect and tissue distribution. 1. Clinical results. PIPC was administered to 26 patients at a dose of 2--4 g per day (twice a day) by dripping infusion over a period of 3--10 days (total 8--30 g). These included 16 cases with intrauterine infection, 1 with adnexitis, 4 with pelvic inflammatory disease and 5 with infections of the external genitalia. The clinical results were excellent in 11 cases, good in 13 cases and poor in 2 cases so that the overall efficacy rate was 92.3%. For bacteriological study 33 strains were isolated from 20 patients. These included Gram positive bacteria (6 strains), Gram negative bacteria (23 strains) and anaerobes (4 strains). After PIPC treatment 32 strains (including S. epidermidis 4 strains, E. coli 12 strains, K. pneumoniae 3 strains, E. aerogenes 2 strains, P. aeruginosa 2 strains and anaerobes 4 strains, etc.) disappeared except for 1 strain of K. pneumoniae which persisted. The disappearance rate was 97.0%. The only side effect observed was a slight case of malaise during the first administration day, however the relationship between the appearance of this symptom and the drug was unclear. No adverse reaction in laboratory findings was observed. 2. Tissue distribution. We determined the tissue concentration from 90 to 240 minutes after dripping infusion for 1 hour at a dose of 2 g. PIPC concentrations in these tissues including the endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri, portio vaginalis, oviduct and ovary showed the highest level (18.0--11.7 micrograms/g) at 90 minutes after the beginning of administration. These values were 48.6--31.6% in respect to the uterine arterial blood level (37 micrograms/ml at 90 minutes after infusion).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical studies of cefmenoxime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

The study group was organized to evaluate the usefulness of cefmenoxime (CMX) injection, a new synthetic cephalosporin, for the treatment of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Fundamental and clinical studies were made by the society and the following results were obtained. 1. The peak distribution of CMX's MIC for E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Bacteroides sp. and Peptococcus sp. isolated from obstetrical and gynecological infections with relatively high frequencies area 0.1, less than or equal to 0.05, 0.2, 3.13, 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, with an inoculation of 10(6) cells/ml. 2. When 1 g of CMX is administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour, the maximum concentrations in various tissues of female genital organs were as follows: 14.2 and 13.2 micrograms/g in ovary and oviduct, respectively, at 1.20 hours after the start of administration, and 16.9 and 26.3 micrograms/g in corpus uteri and cervix uteri, respectively, after 1 hour. As for the transfer to the exudate in the pelvic dead cavity, the peak concentration was 15.6 micrograms/ml after 2.13 hours. 3. In the clinical studies, CMX was given to 258 cases with female genital organ infections and others. As for the clinical effects, with exclusion of 3 cases in which other antibiotics are concomitantly used, responses were excellent in 76 cases, good in 162 cases and poor in 17 cases, among 255 cases in total. The efficacy rate was 93.3%. The efficacy rates by diseases were 97.1% (68/70) for intrauterine infections, 88.8% (79/89) for intrapelvic infections, 98.4% (62/63) for adnexitis, and 100% (23/23) for infections of external genital organs. As for the clinical effects on causative bacteria, the efficacy rates were 100% (19/19) for single infections due to Gram-positive bacteria, 94.8% (55/58) for single infections due to Gram-negative bacteria, and 88.2% (15/17) for single infections due to anaerobic bacteria. And its efficacy rates were 89.6% (69/77) for mixed infection cases. Side effects were observed in 2 cases (0.8%); 1 case with eruption, and 1 case with diarrhea and vomiting. As for abnormal laboratory findings, lower white blood cell count was observed in 2 cases and elevation of the values regarding hepatic functions in 9 cases. All cases were returned to the normal after the completion of the administration. Cefmenoxime showed a satisfactory clinical efficacy and a potent bacteriological effect in treatment of the infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and it has been concluded that cefmenoxime will be useful addition to the antibiotics for the therapy of these infections.

Adolescent↗