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Biomedical subjects

T Fujitani

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujitani.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The role of hydrogen peroxide in basophil histamine release and the effect of selected flavonoids.

Studies on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced histamine release from human basophils indicate that H2O2 is a weak stimulus of histamine release, that the release process is Ca2+ and energy-dependent, and that histamine release is not influenced by theophylline (in keeping with previous observations with rat mast cells). Low concentrations of H2O2 appeared to augment and high concentrations to inhibit histamine release induced by anti-IgE. However, the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of H2O2 were completely abrogated by catalase, which destroys H2O2, and thus indicates that basophils retain immunologic responsivity and are not irreversibly effected by high concentrations of H2O2. Leukocyte suspensions relatively enriched in monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils, and neutrophils plus eosinophils were prepared by Percoll-gradient centrifugation. Anti-IgE stimulated H2O2 formation only in the fraction richest in basophils. Opsonized zymosan, on the other hand, stimulated H2O2 generation in both the basophil and monocyte fractions, indicating activation of both monocytes and basophils by this stimulus. Mixtures of basophil-containing leukocyte suspensions plus purified neutrophils and opsonized zymosan stimulated histamine release in proportion to concomitant generation of H2O2. Addition of catalase reduced histamine release under these conditions, whereas scavengers of other toxic oxygen derivatives (superoxide dismutase, alpha-tocopherol, D-mannitol) had little or no effect on histamine release. These findings suggest that neutrophil-derived H2O2 can cause basophil histamine release in mixed populations of activated leukocytes. Three naturally occurring flavonoids, quercetin, apigenin, and taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) were examined for their effect on anti-IgE-induced histamine release and H2O2 generation in basophil-containing leukocyte suspensions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Basophils↗
PubMed1986

Seventeen year's experience in the treatment of carcinoma of the mobile tongue.

Two hundred and forty-two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue were reviewed. Most of them were initially treated by irradiation and then treated surgically for salvage. Cervical node metastases were frequently developed during or after the initial therapy. The patients in the advanced stage showed poor prognosis due to uncontrolled cervical node metastases and/or local recurrence. In the patients with no initial cervical node involvement, better local control and less frequent incidence of subsequently developed cervical node metastases were observed in the group treated by surgery than in those treated by irradiation. In the patients with initial cervical node involvement, no significant difference was noted in the survival yielded by either treatment modality. In advanced carcinoma, combined treatment with radiotherapy and surgical therapy seemed to give better results than with either radiotherapy or surgical therapy alone in this study.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy--visual outcome of operative and nonoperative cases.

From 1968 through 1984, 110 cases (113 eyes) with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy were seen at the Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology of the Kobe University Hospital; 43 eyes were treated nonsurgically with steroid and 70 eyes were operated on by the endonasal-transethmoidal method of optic canal decompression. By comparison of the visual improvements in the two groups, the effectiveness of the surgical treatment was evaluated. In the nonsurgical group, 19 eyes showed a visual improvement, giving an overall improvement rate of 44.2%. In 9 eyes with complete visual loss at the initial visit no visual improvement could be seen. In 34 eyes with the vision better than light perception at the initial visit, vision improved in 19 eyes, ie, the improvement rate was 55.9%: the recovery occurred relatively rapidly within 3-4 weeks, and thereafter the condition remained unchanged. In 30 eyes treated within 3 weeks after trauma, 17 eyes (57%) showed visual improvement, but in 13 eyes where treatment started after 3 weeks, improvement was seen only in 15%. In the surgical group, 34 eyes showed a visual improvement; the overall rate of improvement was 47.7%. In 28 eyes where complete visual loss was seen at the first visit, 7 eyes showed visual improvement. In 38 eyes treated within 3 weeks after trauma, 18 eyes (45%) showed visual improvement, and in 32 eyes where the surgery was performed after 3 weeks, 16 eyes (50%) showed improvement. The latter improvement rate was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than the improvement rate of 15% found in eyes of the nonsurgical group, where the treatment started 3 weeks after trauma. In cases with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy, surgical decompression of the optic canal can give a visual improvement even when complete visual loss is found in the early period. The surgery is effective in cases where visual recovery by conservative treatment is not satisfactory after 3 weeks. On this basis the criteria for surgical treatment were determined: when the vision is better than light perception in the early period, conservative treatment must first be given, but surgery is indicated when the vision does not improve to 0.5 or better within 3 weeks. In cases where complete visual loss is found soon after injury, earliest possible surgical intervention is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Pathological and biochemical study in the adenoid of mucopolysaccharidosis II.

In the patients with mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II, Hunter's syndrome), conductive and sensorineural hearing deficits are frequently observed. Two patients with MPS II underwent adenoidectomy and an ear douche, and their conductive hearing loss recovered after the surgery. Pathological examination of the adenoids revealed the infiltration of faintly PAS-positive plasmacytes with perinuclear vacuole and strongly Alcian-blue positive fibrotic area. Biochemical study was performed by chromatoscanning of electropholesis. The amount of glycosaminoglicans (GAG) in the specimens was increased 2.8-fold compared with the normal control. The electropholetic pattern showed an increase of dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the adenoids of the patients. The ratio of DS to HS was 1.1-1.2. In the patients of MPS II, the accumulation of GAG occurs in the pharyngeal tonsil and causes conductive hearing impairment. We recommend adenoidectomy for such patients.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1984

Radiochemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in palatine tonsil.

From January 1966 to December 1980, 367 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were autopsied at Kobe University Hospital. The rate of extranodular type was 76.7% and the most common site of origin was the palatine tonsil. Of 133 patients with NHL in the palatine tonsil, at the Kobe University Hospital 110 were treated. All of the patients were treated by irradiation. Sixty-one patients were treated by irradiation alone. Forty-nine patients were treated in addition with conventional chemotherapy using vincristine, cyclophosphamide, endoxan a, and prednisolone. In 14 of 49 patients, adjuvant immunochemotherapy using a Streptococcus pyogenes (OK-432) was added at maintenance dose in combination with induction radiochemotherapy. The survival curve of the patients treated by radiochemotherapy is better than that of the patients treated by irradiation alone. The survival rates at 0 to 1, 1 to 2, and 2 to 3 years for the patients treated by radiochemotherapy were 81.5, 66.3, and 59.0%, respectively, significantly higher than those of the radiotherapy group. The 5-year survival rates of the radiotherapy group were 50.2% for Stage I and 26.5% for Stage II patients. The rates increased to 78% and 41.8% by radiochemotherapy. The extranodal NHL of Stage II also frequently develops into the advanced stage and adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary for such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Optic nerve disturbance caused by frontal and fronto-ethmoidal mucopyoceles.

We saw three cases of optic nerve disturbance caused by frontal and fronto-ethmoidal mucopyoceles. A causative factor of optic nerve disturbance due to pyoceles might be not only related to compression but also to inflammatory invasion and vascular disturbance. The importance of axial and coronal computed tomography scans is emphasized for evaluating the extension of mucopyoceles and the relationship between the lesion and the adjacent structures.

Ethmoid Sinus↗
PubMed1984

[Rhinogenic neuropathia of the optic nerve due to muco- and pyoceles of the sphenoid sinus and posterior ethmoid cells].

16 cases (18 eyes) of rhinogenous optic neuropathy due to muco-pyoceles in the sphenoid sinus and posterior ethmoid cells are reported. The clinical symptomes of this condition are characterized as follows: 1) acute or chronic progressive visual disturbance, 2) ophthalmoscopically normal or oedematous disc in the acute stage and optic atrophy in the chronic stage, 3) central scotoma or inferior hemianopsia in the visual field, 4) good recovery of vision in the cases with mucoceles, occasionally no recovery of vision in the cases with pyoceles, 5) oculomotor as well as abducent palsy and exophthalmos; occasionally, 6) past history of optic neuropathy and nasal operation, 7) few rhinologic complaints, 8) rhinoscopically: swelling, obstruction and/or polyp in the middle meatus, and 9) CT scan showing homogeneous mass in the sphenoid sinus and/or posterior ethmoid cells. The causative factor of the visual disturbance due to pyoceles might be caused not only by compression but also by inflammatory infiltration and vascular disturbance. Recurrence of rhinogenous optic neuropathy is frequent.

Abscess↗