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Biomedical subjects

T Grau

Publications and source records attributed to T Grau.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Uptake and phototoxic effects of aluminum-chlorophthalocyanine (AlSPc) in human bladder carcinoma cells.

In vitro experiments were performed on human bladder carcinoma cells to evaluate the uptake of aluminum-chlorophthalocyanine (AISPc) and the subcellular target of phototoxicity. In order to quantify the correlation of intracellular uptake and incubation time and to identify the primary subcellular target of phototoxicity, fluorescence and absorption measurements have been carried out as well as electron microscopic studies. Absorption and fluorescence measurements showed the largest value after 24 h of incubation time. Fluorescence microscopic studies suggested the sensitizer to be located in a brighter patch within cytoplasm. Electron microscopic studies using DAB (3,3' diaminobenzidine) staining showed that the mitochondria are the primary target of phototoxic activity of AlSPc and that the majority of vacuoles of treated cells were originally mitochondria.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1993

[Ultrastructural studies of the ileum neobladder].

Four patients had cold biopsies of the ileal mucosa 15-40 months after bladder substitution with an ileal neobladder. We used electron optical systems encompassing scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy for ultrastructural evaluation of the specimen. The changes observed did not vary markedly from patient to patient. In all biopsies the number of normal intestinal mucosa cells as well as mitochondrial density and number of microvilli was significantly reduced. In contrast the density of goblet cells was similar to that found in normal ileal tissue. These findings confirm the clinical observation that, on long-term follow-up, patients with an ileal neobladder show a decrease in urinary resorption via the ileal mucosa, whereas mucus secretion tends to be constant.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

Study on the protection of CDP-choline against nicotine intoxication.

Cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline, citicoline, Somazina) was orally administered to a group of mice at a dose of 1 g/kg for 4 days. Simultaneously, another group of mice were treated under similar conditions with 0.25% agar suspension. Then, animals were distributed into subgroups of 10 mice each and intravenous increasing doses of nicotine bitartrate were administered. By comparing the toxicity induced by nicotine in the animals receiving CDP-choline with that in animals receiving agar solution, a remarkable difference of the LD50 was observed between both groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

CDP-choline: acute toxicity study.

The acute toxicity of a single dose of cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline, citicoline, Somazina) by different administration routes in mice and rats has been studied. LD50 values were determined according to the cumulative method by Reed-Muench for mortality rate, and Pizzi's method for calculation of standard error.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Study of subacute toxicity of CDP-choline after 30 days of oral administration to rats.

Two groups of rats were administered by oral route doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg, respectively, of cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline citicoline, Somazina), daily during 30 days. At the end of the test, animals were killed and necropsied, evaluating the urinary, haematological, serum biochemistry and histopathological parameters. The study did not reveal any signs of toxicity.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

CDP-choline: 6-month study on toxicity in dogs.

A single oral dose of 1.5 g/kg cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline, citicoline, Somazina) was administered to 6 Beagle dogs daily for 6 months. After treatment period, treated animals as well as control animals were sacrificed and assessment of urinalysis, blood analysis and histopathological studies were made. Results were found within normal ranges--involving slight changes due to individual variability. It can therefore be concluded that CDP-choline does not cause any toxic effects under the chosen experimental conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Amitriptyline plasma levels and clinical response in primary depression.

Sixteen patients with primary depression were treated for 4 wk with amitriptyline. After clinical diagnoses were determined, patients entered a double-blind protocol (amitriptyline or placebo) and their clinical status was determined with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale by raters blind to the drug type, its dosage and plasma levels. Amitriptyline (AT) and nortriptyline (NT) plasma levels were assayed twice weekly by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the 16 patients, a negative correlation between the Hamilton Score and the mean total tricyclic level (p less than 0.01), as well as with individual plasma levels, was found at the end of the treatment period. When the group was divided into clinical responders and nonresponders, the mean total tricyclic (AT + NT) levels discriminated the two groups by day 12 (p less than 0.001) as well as at the end of the protocol (day 26, 88% of the patients were classified correctly if an arbitrary level of 200 ng/ml total tricyclic plasma level was chosen). These results strongly suggest the presence of a positive correlation between plasma levels and clinical improvement in patients with primary depression.

Adult↗