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Biomedical subjects

T Holmin

Publications and source records attributed to T Holmin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Comparison between absorbable and nonabsorbable, monofilament sutures for end-to-end arterial anastomoses in growing pigs.

End-to-end anastomoses of the iliac arteries in growing pigs were constructed with interrupted 7-0 absorbable polydioxanone (PDS) or polypropylene (Prolene) sutures. Comparison between the two monofilament suture materials was made with respect to macroscopic and microscopic examinations, angiographic findings, recorded tensile breaking forces, and calculated blood flow values within the arterial walls at the level of the anastomoses. The angiographic examinations and the recorded tensile breaking forces did not reveal any difference between PDS- and Prolene-sutured anastomoses. On the other hand, the macroscopic findings, the histologic examination, and the calculated blood flow values (6.1 +/- 4.7 and 16.8 +/- 2.3 ml/min/100 gm for PDS- and Prolene-sutured anastomoses, respectively) point to a far more pronounced inflammatory tissue reaction with Prolene. The obtained differences clearly suggest the use of absorbable PDS instead of nonabsorbable Prolene sutures for arterial anastomoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Herniography--a useful diagnostic method in patients with obscure groin pain.

118 adult patients (45 females, 73 males) with obscure inguinal pain but without clinical signs of hernia were investigated with herniography. The examination revealed inguinal hernia in 37 instances (15 females, 22 males; 31.3%). Thirty out of these 37 patients (12 females, 18 males) have been operated on. Two false positive cases of the herniography examination have been encountered, giving a diagnostic specificity of herniography of 93.3% (95% confidence interval 78-99%). Six patients (5 females, 1 male) with a negative result of herniography have been operated on. One hernia was detected among these, i.e. one false negative result of herniography. The remaining 75 patients (25 females, 50 males) with a negative result of herniography have not yet developed any hernia. We conclude that herniography is a valuable radiological investigation for demonstration of adult preclinical hernia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A simplified method for total arterialization of the liver in rats.

Total arterialization of the liver appears to be a promising clinical method in preventing or reducing encephalopathy after shunting. A new technique for achieving total arterialization of the liver in rats in described and illustrated. This method is fast, simple, and associated with a high patency rate, even in the hands of relatively inexperienced microsurgeons. It can be recommended as an experimental model for additional studies in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Radiological diagnosis in proven intraabdominal abscess formation: a comparison between plain films of the abdomen, ultrasonography and computerized tomography.

Plain films of the abdomen, ultrasonography, and computed tomography were performed on 180 patients to rule out an intraabdominal abscess. The efficacy of the different modalities was reviewed in retrospect. Thirty-six of these 180 patients had a definite abscess formation. This was demonstrated in 65% of the plain film examinations, in 44% by ultrasonography, and in 94% by computerized tomography. Computed tomography seems efficient in ruling out abdominal abscess.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

The influence of total hepatectomy on cerebral energy state, ammonia-related amino acids of the brain and plasma amino acids in the rat.

The influence of total hepatectomy on cerebral energy state, ammonia-related amino acids of the brain tissue and plasma amino acids was studied in anaesthetized rats after total hepatectomy. The hepatectomy was performed with the aid of a microsurgical three-stage procedure. In the first stage, division of the inferior vena cava was performed. In the second stage 4 weeks later a porta-caval anastomosis was constructed, followed after 1 week by a total hepatectomy. The brain energy state, defined as the concentrations of phosphocreatine, ATP, ADP and AMP, was unchanged 4 h after the hepatectomy. Plasma amino acids did not differ significantly between hepatectomized and shunted control rats. On the other hand, clear-cut increases in the concentrations of glutamine, and decreases in the concentrations of glutamate and aspartate, were observed in the fronto-parietal part of the cerebral cortex and the brain stem. These changes might explain the minor manifestations of cerebral dysfunction in the early phase of the hepatectomized state.

Alanine↗
PubMed1983

Pulsed Doppler and B-mode ultrasound features of interposition meso-caval and porta-caval shunts.

Twenty patients, 13 with meso-caval and 7 with porta-caval shunts were examined with B-mode static and dynamic ultrasound to determine patency of the shunt. Nine of these patients were also examined with pulsed Doppler. In order to confirm the ultrasonic and Doppler findings, angiography was performed in 17 of the 20 patients. Ultrasound examination, which gives anatomic information reflecting changes in flow associated with a shunt, accurately suggested the patency or non-patency of the shunt in all 20 patients. Doppler examination, which gives physiologic information about blood flow and direction of flow, accurately determined patency of the shunt in all 9 cases. Angiography confirmed the ultrasonic and Doppler conclusions in all 17 patients. Ultrasound and Doppler criteria for patency of caval shunts are established. It has been demonstrated that ultrasound examination with pulsed Doppler flow study can reliably determine the patency of porta-systemic shunts. The use of invasive angiographic studies should be reserved for the patients where ultrasound and Doppler examinations suggest shunt occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Acute acalculous cholecystitis following trauma.

A consecutive series of 11 patients with post-traumatic acute acalculous cholecystitis is reviewed. Three patients had sustained multiple trauma, whereas 6 patients had recently undergone alimentary tract surgery and 2 patients orthopaedic or gynaecological surgery. All patients were treated by cholecystectomy. Four cases required reoperation because of an abdominal abscess and 2 cases because of a subcutaneous abscess. One patient was re-explored due to haemorrhage from the gallbladder bed, and another patient due to occlusion of the coeliac axis. The mortality rate was 18 per cent. The importance of early diagnosis and surgical intervention with cholecystectomy are emphasized in this rare condition with high morbidity and mortality.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

A method for testicular denervation in rats.

A successful method for microsurgical denervation of the testes in rats is described. Testes were unilaterally denervated in 15 animals. Thirteen untreated and two sham-operated rats served as controls. With the animal under ether anesthesia, the spermatic vessels on either side were exposed with the aid of microsurgical technique and an operating microscope. The area was then dyed with two to three drops of 1% Toluidine blue. With utmost precaution the nerves were separated from the vessels and resected. A biopsy specimen from the epididymal fat pad of each side was removed and assayed for norepinephrine content. The denervation procedure was considered successful if the norepinephrine content of the denervated fat pad was less than 11% of that of the contralateral fat pad. The denervation procedure was successful in 13 of 15 animals. No recognizable side effects from the use of Toluidine blue were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A microsurgical method for total hepatectomy in the rat.

A microsurgical three-stage-procedure for total hepatectomy in the rat is described. In the first stage, suprarenal ligature and division of the inferior vena cava is performed. A modified portacaval shunt is constructed in the second stage and total hepatectomy is performed in the third stage. Microsurgical technique is of great benefit in both the second and third stages, especially in choosing the proper location for the shunt and minimizing blood loss. All the rats survived to the 6-hour study and 65% of the rats survived to the 18-hour study, despite the fact that body temperature was upheld to a level of 35-37 degrees C. Based on our experience in 165 hepatectomies, we recommend our method for metabolic studies in anhepatic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Balloon catheter dilatation of stenotic renal artery anastomoses. Experiments in the pig.

Stenotic renal artery anastomoses were produced in pigs in order to investigate the effects of transluminal angioplasty. Six weeks after surgery unilateral dilatation with a modern balloon catheter was performed in 8 pigs. These animals were reexamined with angiography and pressure gradient recording 8 to 10 weeks after dilatation and with post-mortem angiography 8 to 10 weeks later. Only 2 arteries had minimal residual stenoses, while in 6 arteries the stenoses were completely eliminated. Microscopic examination showed thinning of the fibrotic vessel wall, with defects in the internal elastic lamina.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1982

Elective splenectomy - a comparison of management in children and adults.

Elective splenectomies were performed on 39 children and 366 adults at the same hospital from 1969 to 1979. Sex distribution, extent of operative blood loss, drainage routines and length of hospital stay were similar in both groups. However, differences were observed concerning the type of incision, early ligature of the splenic artery and postoperative complications. Subcostal and transrectal incisions were most frequently used, and can be recommended. Ligature of the splenic artery above the pancreas facilitated the extirpation of large spleens. Drainage can be omitted, provided that haemostasis is complete. The necessity of removing accessory spleens and pneumococcal vaccine administration are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Peptide-containing neurons intrinsic to the gut wall. An experimental study in the pig.

Nerve fibers containing substance P, VIP, enkephalin or somatostatin are numerous in the porcine gut wall. They are particularly numerous in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses where peptide-containing cell bodies are also observed. Peptide-containing nerve fibers occur also in the vagus nerves, suggesting that the gut receives and extrinsic supply of peptidergic nerves. The extrinsic contribution to the peptide-containing nerve supply of the gut wall has not yet been quantitatively assessed. In an attempt to clarify this question pigs were subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Another group of animals was subjected to complete extrinsic denervation by autotransplantation of a jejunal segment. The pigs were killed at various time intervals after the operations; the longest time interval studied was four months. Following vagotomy the innervation pattern of the jejunum appeared completely unaffected. Following complete extrinsic denervation the adrenergic nerve fibers disappeared, while peptide-containing and acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve fibers remained apparently unaltered. This was confirmed chemically in the case of substance P. The motor activity of smooth muscle from the jejunum was studied in vitro. At low stimulation frequencies the smooth muscle from control jejunum responded by relaxation; upon cessation of stimulation a contraction occurred. With increasing stimulation frequencies the duration of the relaxation decreased; at high frequency stimulation only a contraction was recorded. In the autotransplant low frequency stimulation induced no or only a weak relaxation; high frequency stimulation induced contraction. After cholinergic and adrenergic blockade, the muscle responded with relaxation at all frequencies; the response was similar in innervated and denervated specimens. On the whole, the effects of extrinsic denervation on the motor activity of smooth muscle from porcine jejunum were minor, possibly reflecting the high degree of autonomy of the gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Diagnostic aids for benign tumors of the liver in children.

Primary benign tumour of the liver in 2 children was successfully extirpated. The tumours had appeared as a palpable abdominal mass. Laboratory examinations, pulmonary X-ray and urography were in the main normal. Abdominal plain films revealed an expansive process. Ultrasonography and computerized tomography showed in one of the cases a left-sided homogeneous tumour of the liver. These non-invasive methods of investigation are easy to perform in children and give ample information. Angiography appears to be no longer necessary in the preoperative investigation. The treatment of localized benign tumours is mainly surgical. With the exception of hemangioma, the prognosis in cases of benign hepatic tumour is good.

Female↗