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T Imada

Publications and source records attributed to T Imada.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Evaluation of OPC-17116 against important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections.

The antibacterial activity of OPC-17116, a new fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, against important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin. The pharmacokinetic profiles of OPC-17116 were studied in both mice and rats given the drug orally at doses of 50 and 40 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. OPC-17116 showed a high degree of distribution in the lung tissues of both species, with maximum concentrations of 29.6 and 32.0 micrograms/g, respectively. Furthermore, the drug concentrations in lung tissue were about 10 to 15 times greater than the concentrations in plasma. OPC-17116 showed potent antibacterial activity against such pathogens as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The MICs of this compound for 90% of these organisms except methicillin-resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa ranged from < or = 0.006 to 0.78 microgram/ml. The in vitro antibacterial activity of OPC-17116 was reflected by the efficacy of a single oral dose against systemic bacterial infections in mice. OPC-17116 showed a superior effect against gram-positive bacteria, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis. In comparison with the other reference compounds, the efficacy of OPC-17116 was less than that of ciprofloxacin against K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. OPC-17116 showed a greater therapeutic effect than the other drugs against experimental acute pneumonia caused by these organisms in mice or rats. This excellent therapeutic effect against respiratory tract infections may be a result of its high level of distribution in lung tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Two isolectins from leaves of winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.

Two isolectins were isolated from leaves of winged bean and characterized. They differed from each other in terms of their immunological properties, hemagglutinating activities, sugar inhibition patterns, and amino acid compositions. Both lectins were acidic and one of them (L-I), which was inactive toward trypsinized human type O erythrocytes, was similar to one of green shell lectins (WGS-1); which resembled basic seed lectin in its immunological properties. The amino-terminal sequence of L-I was homologous to that of WGS-1. The amino acid composition of L-I was similar to that of basic seed lectin, but the extent of the homology between amino-terminal sequences was low when L-I and basic seed lectin were compared. Examination by ELISA revealed that L-I and WGS-1 were distinct from the basic lectins of seeds and tuberous roots. L-I had a disulfide bridge between two subunits and it exhibited high hemagglutinating activity toward human type A erythrocytes, as compared to its activity toward other erythrocytes. By contrast, the properties of a second acidic lectin from winged bean leaves (L-II) were very similar to those of acidic lectins from seeds and tuberous roots, and the similarities extended as far as the immunological properties.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[A case of thoracic empyema extended into the abdominal cavity].

A case of thoracic empyema after artificial pneumothorax for lung tuberculosis was presented, which extended into the abdominal cavity. 65 years old man, who was operated on for lung tuberculosis about 30 years ago, took the routine physical examination and the abdominal mass was picked up on examination. Echogram and CT showed huge homogeneous mass in the right thorax and the right upper abdominal cavity. The operative finding showed that thoracic empyema extended into the abdominal cavity and formed a huge mass. Decortication and extirpation of thoracic empyema and abdominal mass was performed with a combined partial resection of the lung, diaphragma, and thoracic wall. The histopathology of the abdominal mass showed chronic empyema and hematoma.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

Radioautographic study of benidipine hydrochloride. Localization in the mesenteric artery of spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Microradioautographic study of [3H]-benidipine hydrochloride (KW-3049, CAS 91599-74-5) and nitrendipine (CAS 39562-70-4) localization was performed in the supramesenteric arteries of the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 10 and 30 min after intravenous administration or in vitro incubation. The distribution of silver grains was observed by light and electron microscopy and the number of grains was counted in the tunicae intima, media and adventitia of the arteries. Areas of the correlated part of the artery were measured and the grain count per area was calculated. The grain count of [3H]-benidipine hydrochloride showed almost uniform distribution in the tunicae intima and media, which was compared at 10 and 30 min after the administration both in the in vivo and in the in vitro studies. The grain density of [3H]-nitrendipine to the tunicae intima and media increased time-dependently. Electron microscopic observation revealed that the fine distribution of [3H]-benidipine hydrochloride was mainly localized on the plasma membrane and on the cytoplasm of the cellular components of the mesenteric artery. The result suggested that the distribution of [3H]-benidipine hydrochloride was related to its pharmacologically active site, i.e. plasma membrane of the tunica intima and the smooth muscle cells of the tunica media.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A case of Salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib].

Salmonella osteomyelitis is a rare disease occurring at a frequency of less than 1% of all cases of osteomyelitis, we report a case of salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib, which was hard to differentiate from chest wall tumor. A 40-year-old man without gastrointestinal symptoms was admitted to our hospital for swelling of the right mammary region. It was suggestive of inflammatory pseudotumor because the swelling diminished, and we could not establish a diagnosis of abscess by scintigraphy with gallium-67 or by computed tomogram (CT). Drainage was carried out in the chest and about 10 ml of pus was removed. A culture was taken from the pus, revealing salmonella enteritidis, he was treated by local wound care and ABPC (aminobenzyl-penicillin). The open wound became sterile in 40 days, and was closed 46 days after being opened for drainage.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Long-term total parenteral nutrition and osteoporosis: report of a case.

A patient who had been supported with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for over 8 years is herein presented, with emphasis on the changes observed in calcium metabolism. The patient was a 31-year-old female, who had undergone a subtotal jejunal and ileal resection for superior mesenteric artery occlusion. TPN was started soon after the surgery. She had been on TPN support for 105 months. Back pain developed at 97 months after the initiation of TPN. During her course, the serum calcium levels were judged to be within the normal ranges, while the 1 alpha, 25(OH)2Vit.D declined. Intermittent hypercalciuria was occasionally observed. Both the serum level of calcium and urinary calcium loss correlated closely to the amount of calcium infused, but they were not influenced by the amount of vitamin D (ergocalciferol) received. The serum level of parathormone and calcitonin were also within the normal ranges. The patient's vertebral bone, which was obtained at autopsy, revealed histopathological changes characteristic of osteoporosis. Based on the above, we conclude that a careful monitoring of the amount of calcium infused is called for to prevent bone disease in patients on long-term parenteral nutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Long-term effect of radical gastrectomy on nutrition and immunity.

The long-term effects of gastrectomy on the nutritional and immunologic status were prospectively studied in 79 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy and were followed by us after operation for an average of 5 years and 3 months. The percent of actual weight to pre-illness normal weight was lower than 95% in 80% of all study patients. Retinol binding protein, prealbumin, and albumin were lower than normal in 17%, 26%, and 26% of the patients, respectively. The mean values of the percent normal weight, retinol binding protein, and prealbumin were significantly lower in the totally gastrectomized patients than in the subtotally gastrectomized ones (P < 0.01). The procedures of reconstruction did not affect the nutritional status except for the prealbumin level which was significantly decreased in Roux-en-Y cases than in interposed cases of totally gastrectomized patients. Cell-mediated immunological alterations after gastrectomy were observed in 31%, 37%, and 71% of all patients for OKT3 subpopulation, OKT4/OKT8 ratio, and blastogenesis by phytohemagglutinin, respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that the long-term immunity of the gastrectomized patients after operation was not affected by the levels of albumin and rapid turnover proteins but by the splenectomy and weight loss they underwent.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Determinants of the auditory mismatch response.

The auditory mismatch field (MMF) is supposed to reflect a comparison process between an infrequent deviant stimulus and the memory trace left by frequent standard stimuli. Therefore, the MMF amplitude has been thought to depend on the strength of such a trace. We examined this hypothesis in records with a 24-channel planar SQUID magnetometer by varying the number of stimuli preceding each deviant, the interdeviant interval (IDI) and the interstimulus interval (ISI) just preceding the deviant (pISI). When a constant IDI was employed and the number of standards between two deviants varied in different sessions, MMF amplitude increased as the number of standards increased. However, MMF did not depend on the number of standards between two deviants when the number varied within a single session and ISI varied as well. MMF decreased slightly when pISI increased from 0.6 to 3.4 sec. When IDI increased and the ISI remained constant, MMF amplitude increased. Most results can be explained within the framework of the memory-trace hypothesis of MMF generation. However, the strengthening of the trace seems to be a complex process which is also affected by the temporal features of the stimulus sequence.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Human auditory cortical mechanisms of sound lateralization: II. Interaural time differences at sound onset.

Neuromagnetic responses were recorded over the right temporal cortex using a 24-channel gradiometer. Stimuli were binaural click trains, presented with six separate interaural time differences (ITDs). N100m to sound onset was larger and earlier for stimuli presented with left- than with right-leading ITDs. With stimulus lateralization taken into account, monaural and binaural stimuli evoked responses of roughly equal amplitude. In selective adaptation and oddball experiments, stimuli presented with different ITDs excited overlapping neuronal populations, but the amount of overlap decreased as the ITD between the stimuli increased. There were no systematic differences in the cortical source locations of the N100m as a function of ITD, however. Thus it appears that ITD-sensitive neurons in the human auditory cortex are not organized into a large-scale, orderly representation, which could be resolved by MEG.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistological study of encephalomalacia in pigs infected with Aujeszky's disease virus.

Seven hysterectomy-derived colostrum-deprived pigs aged 4 weeks were inoculated intranasally with 10(3) plaque-forming units (1 ml) of the Yamagata YS-81 strain of Aujeszky's disease virus. One pig died and five developed encephalomyelitis and trigeminal ganglionitis. Three pigs killed on days 12-16 showed prominent malacic degeneration. Associated with the malacic foci were many lysosome-positive cells. IgG- and IgM-containing cells in the perivascular cuffs and glial nodules were first detected on day 7, after which they increased in number. They were thought to be closely associated with the presence of neutralizing antibody. These findings suggest that inflammatory cells in the brain are of haematogenous origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical study on respiratory management using a respirator with nasal intubation in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer].

We analyzed a postoperative respiratory management using a respirator with nasal intubation in 55 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy through thoracic and abdominal approach between April 1984 and December 1989. In 21 cases (38%) the period using a respirator was within 3 days, in 24 cases (44%) during 4-7 days, and in 10 cases (18%) over 8 days. Postoperative pulmonary complications occurred in 20 cases (36%); pneumonia in 7 cases (13%), lung edema in 12 cases (22%), atelectasis in one case (2%). Two patient died after surgery, one from acute myocardial infarction, another from multiple organ failure after anastomotic leakage. The period using a respirator was positively correlated with the operative blood loss, transfusion and post-operative infusion, postoperative pulmonary complications positively correlated with the operative time, the anesthetic time, operative blood loss, transfusion and postoperative infusion as well as with preoperative complications and renal dysfunction too. In 120 cases before 1984, postoperative pneumonia occurred in 42 cases (36) and 19 cases (16%) of them died. These results suggest that our respiratory management using a respirator is effective in perioperative period of esophageal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[The efficacy of semiselective intraarterial infusion therapy in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer].

We use CDDP and have compared the semiselective intraarterial infusion (ia group) with intravenous infusion (i.v. group) by measuring levels of the administered drug in blood and the abdominal organ tissues. In portal blood, the ia group showed a significant increase compared with the i.v. group. The patient tissue level was compared between the two groups. Higher levels were obtained in the peritoneum in the ia group. These results suggest that semiselective intraarterial infusion therapy is effective in peritoneal dissemination.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of surgical treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax].

To evaluate the effect of surgical treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax, we examined eighty patients who underwent the surgical treatment. Out of these, thirty five patients (53.0%) were the recurrent episode of the disease, since we vigorously chose surgical treatment for the second attack of the disease. Operative complications were observed in 6 cases (7.1%) including 2 cases of lasting air leakage and 1 case of bleeding, pneumonia, wound infection and atelectasis. Postoperative recurrence was not seen. From a viewpoint of prevention of the postoperative recurrence, the surgical treatment is effective and safe method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Clinico-pathological studies on the lymph node metastases of the gastric cancer invading to proper muscle layer].

In 65 patients who underwent surgical resection of the gastric cancer invading to proper muscle layer (pm cancer), lymph node involvement at the time of resection and the site of recurrence were investigated. Patients who underwent gastrectomy for submucosal (sm cancer) or subserosal (ss alpha.beta cancer) gastric cancers during the same period served as controls. Lymph node involvement was positive at a higher rate in the pm cancer than in the sm cancer, but the rate for number of lymph node metastases was not dependent on the stage of lesions. Of the lesions in the pm cancer, those of the Borrmann type involved lymph nodes at a particularly high rate. Of the metastatic pattern in the lymph nodes, the rate of severe metastases in pm cancer was higher than in the sm cancer. In the pm cancer, the cancer recurred in the liver and peritoneum, but not in any lymph nodes, thus suggesting that the surgical resection and the dissection of regional lymph nodes had been successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A clinicopathologic study of thymomas: a review of 52 cases, with particular reference to results of treatment].

Clinicopathologic aspects of 52 thymomas were reviewed. Masaoka staging revealed stage I in 32, stage II in 2, stage III in 12, stage IV a in 3, and stage IV b in 3. Eleven patients (21%) had associated myasthenia gravis (MG), and three (6%) had pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Operation was complete resection in 39 patients (stage I 32, stage II 2, stage III 2, and stage IV b 3), subtotal resection in 4 patients (stage III 2, stage IV a 2), partial resection or simple biopsy in 7 patients (stage III 6, stage IV a 1). Survival rates at 5 years and 10 years were 88%, 88% in noninvasive thymomas, and 65%, 45% in invasive thymomas, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that patients with noninvasive thymomas had significantly longer survival than those with invasive thymomas. Significant difference was not found in survival on the basis of tumor cell type according to lymphocyte/epithelial cell ratio. Associated MG had no influence on the survival of thymoma patients, however, the presence of PRCA was an adverse factor in survival. In cases of invasive thymomas, there was statistically significant difference in the survival rates between the group of patients undergoing complete or subtotal resection and the group undergoing partial resection or only biopsy. Irradiation was of value in local control of thymoma, but lymphogeneous or hematogeneous recurrence occurred in 21% of patients with invasive thymomas from 3 months to 12 years postoperatively. Lifelong follow-up should be necessary in thymoma patients since late recurrence is not so rare.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a new quinolone, OPC-17116.

The in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of OPC-17116 were compared with those of ofloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tosufloxacin. The MICs of OPC-17116 for 90% of the strains tested were 0.125 to 8 micrograms/ml against gram-positive bacteria such as members of the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus: less than or equal to 0.063 to 16 micrograms/ml against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae; and less than or equal to 0.063 to 16 micrograms/ml against glucose-nonfermentative bacilli such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The activity of OPC-17116 against gram-positive organisms was comparable to that of tosufloxacin and higher than those of other reference drugs. The in vitro activity of OPC-17116 against gram-negative bacteria was similar to those of the reference drugs. In experimental systemic infections in mice with various organisms, the efficacy of OPC-17116 was similar to that of tosufloxacin and greater than those of ofloxacin, enoxacin, and ciprofloxacin. In a pyelonephritic model in mice with P. aeruginosa KU-1, OPC-17116 was as active as ciprofloxacin and more active than ofloxacin, enoxacin, and tosufloxacin. In respiratory tract infections in mice with Staphylococcus aureus Smith, Streptococcus pneumoniae TMS 3, and Klebsiella pneumoniae 3K25, the efficacy of OPC-17116 was generally greater than that of tosufloxacin. The peak level of OPC-17116 in the lungs of mice was 10 times higher than that in serum and was significantly greater than levels in lung achieved with an equivalent dose of the other quinolones. The therapeutic efficacy of OPC-17116 may depend not only on its in vitro activity but also on its high concentration in tissue.

Administration, Oral↗