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Biomedical subjects

T Kanemitsu

Publications and source records attributed to T Kanemitsu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Efficacy of the treatment of gastric cancer as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of 48 hour continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with leucovorin (LV)].

A 51-year-old female with inoperable gastric cancer and with infiltration of pancreatic tail diagnosed by abdominal CT was treated with leucovorin (LV) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The regimen was: LV 30 mg/body/24 hr prior to 5-FU 1,000 mg/m2/day for 48 hrs. This treatment was repeated 6 times. After treatment, the size of tumor decreased so that the patient was able to be operated (Total gastrectomy with partial distal pancreatico-splenectomy). During the treatment, patient showed no side effect except for slight nausea. This neo-adjuvant chemotherapy might be a recommendable treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[A case of recurrent pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated by pulmonary lavage: were the remissions due to the natural course or due to the lavage?].

We report a 39-year-old male with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Although no abnormal shadows were seen on regular check-up chest roentgenogram one year previously, diffuse alveolar filling shadows were noted on admission, suggesting fairly acute progression of the disease. He was treated with bronchoalveolar lavage of each segment of both lungs by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope under local anesthesia. Following this treatment, the shadows on X-ray film and shortness of breath resolved. Oxygen tension of arterial blood, pulmonary function, and serum CEA recovered to almost within normal ranges. The shadows deteriorated twice, but therapeutic lavage performed at the outpatient clinic was effective on each occasion. He thus received 3 series of bronchoalveolar lavage over a period of more than 3 years. We followed the clinical course of this patient for 6 years, and he remained well 3 years after the final treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Efficacy of a 48-hour infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with stage IV gastric cancer after palliative gastrectomy].

Efficacy of a 48-hour infusion of 5-FU in patients with stage IV gastric cancer was investigated. A one-cycle regimen consisted of a 48-hour infusion of 5-FU (30 mg/kg/24 hours) every week for 6 weeks. Fourteen patients with stage IV gastric cancer who underwent absolutely non-curative gastrectomy, received 5-FU infusion postoperatively. Ten of the 14 received more than 2 cycles. Survival rates in these patients (group I) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with those of matched pair controls (group II) who received other anticancer agents. Side effects were generally mild. Nausea during infusion was observed in only 3 cases. The 50% survival period was 393 days in group I and 135 days in group II, respectively. The survival curve in group I was significantly higher than in group II (p = 0.05). From these results, this treatment is considered to be very effective.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid. A case report.

A rare case of clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid is presented herein. A 31-year-old male had a large soft tumor in the right lobe of the thyroid which showed a hot nodule on scintigram with 99mTc. A right hemithyroidectomy was thus performed after the preoperative diagnosis of a functioning tumor had been made. At surgery, a tiny nodule behind the tumor was found and the histopathological diagnoses of the large tumor and the tiny nodule were clear cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma, respectively. The thyroglobulin stain was positive in the cytoplasm of many clear cells and scattered colloid. This patient has been well without any evidence of recurrence over the past five years following surgery. The biological characteristics of clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid are discussed in this report.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

In vivo binding of circulating immune complexes by C3b receptors (CR1) of transfused erythrocytes.

The effects of packed erythrocyte transfusion with high CR1 activity on circulating immune complex concentrations were studied in 14 transfusion experiments involving 12 patients with immune complex related diseases. Before erythrocyte transfusion circulating immune complex concentrations ranged from 8 to 128 micrograms/ml. After transfusion (2-3 units) immune complex concentrations decreased depending on the levels of CH50 titres in the recipients. In 11 experiments, in which the patients' CH50 titres ranged from 21 to 44, immune complex concentrations decreased by 75-100% within five days. The CH50 titres were also decreased after erythrocyte transfusion but subsequently increased to initial ranges within 6-35 days. In three patients with low CH50 titres (1.0-10.0) decreases in immune complexes were not observed. Direct Coombs' tests for IgG and C3 were performed before and after erythrocyte transfusion to determine potential in vivo binding of circulating immune complexes. Thus in eight of 14 experiments, in which erythrocytes carried no IgG before packed erythrocyte transfusion, seven became Coombs' positive for IgG after the transfusion. In seven of 14 experiments, in which erythrocytes were negative for complement before transfusion, five became positive afterwards. Moreover, in 12 instances slight increases of CR1 activity of patients' erythrocytes were observed within eight days, which improved further within 35 days after erythrocyte transfusion. These studies suggest that transfusion of erythrocytes with high CR1 activity results in the removal of circulating immune complexes and that this process is dependent on complement consumption. These experiments support the hypothesis that erythrocyte-CR1 has a functional role in the removal of circulating immune complexes and may thereby inhibit the deposition of immune complexes within body tissue constituents.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1989

[Result of surgical treatment to benign thyroid tumor].

Surgical results of 81 cases with various benign thyroid tumors were reviewed. All had undergone mainly hemi-lobectomy including isthmectomy and had been followed up for more than 2 years. Sixty-eight (84%) have been well without any complaint. However, 5 of 15 cases with adenomatous goiter (AG) again developed nodule(s) in the remnant thyroid and 1 of 37 cases with adenoma developed cancer in the remnant. In order to prevent recurrence in the cases with AG, total thyroidectomy may be required with the meticulous selection of the case. For the cases with AG which undergone hemilobectomy or lumpectomy, TSH suppression treatment may be also required after surgery. It is of caution that the nodule developed in the thyroid after surgery may be not always the same nodule as primary one.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Local recurrence of breast cancer: treatment of nine patients with a recurrence in the skin flap of the chest wall.

From 1975 through 1985, nine patients with a local recurrent lesion (LRL) of breast cancer to the skin flap of the chest wall were treated. Four had undergone primary mastectomies in our clinic and the other five were referred from other surgeons, following signs of recurrence. Aggressive topical therapy, such as resection or irradiation, proved effective in eradicating the LRL in all cases, thereby indicating that topical therapy is useful for improving quality of life. Adjuvant systemic chemo-immuno-endocrine therapy is also required for patients with LRL, to increase longevity. Seven of the patients died of a distant metastasis within 66 months after the onset of LRL.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A pharmacokinetic study in (mature and premature) neonates treated with amikacin through intravenous drip infusion].

A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in neonates (mature, premature) to which amikacin (AMK) was administered through intravenous drip infusion. The results of the study are summarized below. 1. Changes in blood concentrations of AMK obtained after intravenous drip infusion over a period of 30 or 60 minutes were comparable to those after intramuscular injection. 2. When AMK was administered to neonates (mature, premature) at a single intravenous (30 or 60 minutes) dose of 6 mg/kg, peak levels of 15.5 to 26.3 micrograms/ml were attained. These values were within the range of 15 to 30 micrograms/ml which are considered to be safe and effective peak levels. 3. In 0 day-neonates, half-lives of blood AMK levels rather long and widely varied (3 to 8 hours) but, in about 7 day-neonates, half-lives were 3 to 4 hours. 4. It is considered from the above results that the safe and effective blood concentrations of AMK in 0 to 7 day-old neonates can be obtained from intravenous administrations at each dose of 6 mg/kg repeated with intervals of 12 or 24 hours and, in 8 days or older neonates, from intravenous drip infusions over 30 or 60 minutes at each dose of 6 mg/kg repeated with intervals of 12 hours. 5. For neonates with very low birth weights, individual doses and intervals should be separately investigated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Hematologic correlates and the role of erythrocyte CR1 (C3b receptor) in the development of AIDS.

Circulating immune complexes (CICs) are common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as in anemia. In our previous reports, we observed that the deposition of CICs on erythrocytes via C3b receptors (CR1) resulted in a defective CIC clearing system of erythrocytes and in high membrane osmotic fragility of such erythrocytes. We investigated the functional activity of erythrocyte CR1 in 89 patients with AIDS, 41 with AIDS related complex (ARC), 102 healthy homosexual volunteers, and 37 heterosexual males, in relation to the presence of CICs, antibody to lymphadenopathy associated virus/human T lymphotropic virus-III (LAV/HTLV-III), anemia, and the direct and indirect Coombs' tests. CICs were frequently found in all groups except heterosexual males. Absence of CR1 activity was observed in 85% of patients with AIDS, and in 59% with ARC. Impaired CR1 activity also occurred in the homosexual volunteer group. Positive direct Coombs' test and the presence of CICs correlated inversely with CR1 activity while a lowered hematocrit and the presence of antibody to LAV/HTLV-III correlated directly. Neither the sera nor the eluates from erythrocytes with a positive IgG Coombs' test contained IgG antibody against erythrocytes. This suggests decremental loss of CR1 activity progressing from asymptomatic LAV/HTLV-III antibody positive homosexual volunteers to the prodromal spectrum of ARC and finally progressing to a total disappearance in overt AIDS. Of 8 homosexuals volunteers demonstrating the composite of impaired CR1 activity, positive antibody to LAV/HTLV-III, and polyvalent positive direct Coombs' test (with gamma, mu, and C3b), all developed ARC or overt AIDS within 2 years of these observations.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

Relationships between C3b receptor (CR1) activity of erythrocytes and positive Coombs' tests.

Although positive direct Coombs' tests occur in most patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), haemolytic anaemic associated with antibody to erythrocytes (E) occurs in less than 10%. Our studies show an association between positive direct Coombs' tests and both the presence of circulating immune complexes and diminished activity of the C3b receptor (CR1) of E. Data presented in this report suggest that in vivo binding of immune complexes and complement by the CR1 of E results in positive direct Coombs' tests in the absence of antibody to E. These observations explain the low frequency of haemolytic anaemia compared with the high frequency of direct positive Coombs' tests in patients with SLE.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

Study of the cell proliferation kinetics in ulcerative colitis, adenomatous polyps, and cancer.

Cell proliferation kinetics, using autoradiography, was investigated in 4 specimens of normal colonic mucosa, 11 cases of ulcerative colitis, 15 adenomas, and 17 advanced cancers of the large intestine. In the normal mucosa, the labeled cells were located only in the lower three fifths of the crypts, the so-called proliferation zone, and their labeling index was 11.7 +/- 4.0%. In the ulcerative colitis, the proliferation zones were remarkably extended toward the upper part of the crypts, and the mean labeling index was 20.5 +/- 9.4%. In the adenomatous polyps, labeling was seen in any part of the crypts, and abnormal proliferation patterns such as denseness, stratification, expansion, and budding of the labeled cells tended to increase in accordance with the degree of the histologic atypism. Their mean labeling index was 22.2 +/- 8.6%. However each labeling index of the polyps increased proportionally to their histologic atypism, from 15.2 +/- 8.1% in grade II to 30.1 +/- 9.9% in grade V. The mean labeling index of the cancers was 23.3 +/- 9.6%, and there was little difference in the labeling patterns of the malignant polyps and cancers. The proliferation patterns of the polyp and cancer were qualitatively different from those of the normal mucosa and the ulcerative colitis.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1984

Pheochromocytoma without specific symptoms.

A 72-year-old Japanese woman with pheochromocytoma, who had had no characteristic symptoms was treated. A large retroperitoneal tumor was discovered incidentally by sonographic examination for mild upper abdominal pain and, with CT-scan and abdominal angiography confirmed that the tumor originated in the right adrenal gland. The tumor was suspected of being a pheochromocytoma because preoperative laboratory examinations revealed only a mild elevation of daily urinary excretions of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Provocation tests for pheochromocytoma and even angiographic examination revealed no diagnostic change in serum levels of catecholamines and distinctive clinical signs were nil. Thus, surgery was performed without preoperative prescription of any catecholamine blockade. During the surgery, the blood pressure and pulse rate fluctuated considerably. A non-functioning pheochromocytoma detected incidentally must be preoperatively managed as a functioning one, even in the absence of specific symptoms of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Minimal thyroid carcinoma: a report of nine cases discovered by cervical lymph node metastases.

From 1962 to 1983, nine patients with minimal carcinoma of the thyroid were referred to Aichi Cancer Center Hospital and to Aichi Medical University Hospital for evaluation of enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. The radiographic study and scintigraphy of the thyroid were useful in detection of small thyroid lesions. In two cases, a lymph node biopsy was required for confirmation of the diagnosis. The thyroid lesions were histologically papillary carcinoma, in all the cases. A modified neck dissection with total thyroidectomy was carried out in five patients and modified neck dissection with thyroid lobectomy was done in four cases. Nine patients were followed for 6 months to 20 years and all the patients except one are alive.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Studies on immune adherence (C3b) receptor activity of human erythrocytes: relationship between receptor activity and membrane osmotic fragility.

Although human erythrocytes (E) possess C3b receptors (C3b-R), their in vivo functions are unknown. We had observed that E from patients with immune complex diseases had defective or impaired C3b-R activity when circulating immune complexes (CIC) could be demonstrated. This phenomenon has been investigated in relation to membrane osmotic fragility of such E by a coil planet centrifugation (CPC) system. Osmotic fragility was defined by the hemolysis starting point (HSP), peak point (HPP) and end point (HEP) using NaCl osmotic gradient (150-30 mOsM) coiled tubes. It was observed that E with low C3b-R activity showed high osmotic fragility. Hemolysis of E with low C3b-R activity started at 104 +/- 8 mOsM (n = 133) compared to 97 +/- 3 mOsM (n = 18) of patients' E with normal C3b-R activity and 96 +/- 5 mOsM of E from normal healthy donors (n = 128). Furthermore, we observed that HSP shifted towards lower osmolarity with clinical and immunological improvement of disease activity after treatment with corticosteroids. When osmotic gradients were lower to 120-50 mOsM, 52 out of 116 E samples with low C3b-R activity separated into 2 E populations. In contrast, none of 18 E samples with normal C3b-R activity separated into 2 E populations. However, we observed broadened fragility patterns in these 18 E samples. Serial studies of C3b-R activity, osmotic fragility and the presence of CIC were performed in 7 patients. Improvement of disease activity was associated with increased C3b-R activity, decreased osmotic fragility and the disappearance of CIC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗