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Biomedical subjects

T Kazama

Publications and source records attributed to T Kazama.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Testosterone replacement therapy and prostate/seminal vesicle volume in Klinefelter's syndrome.

Volume of prostate and seminal vesicles was measured in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome by means of transrectal ultrasonography before and after testosterone replacement therapy. Continuous suppression of plasma gonadotropin levels was not observed, and plasma levels of testosterone did not maintain the normal range. However, volume of prostate (p less than 0.001) and seminal vesicles (p less than 0.05) increased significantly after testosterone replacement therapy. Volume determination of prostate and seminal vesicles by means of transrectal ultrasonography is an available parameter for evaluating the adequacy of testosterone replacement therapy in Klinefelter's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Electron microscopic study of periodontal tissues in the pressure side by intermittent forces].

The intermittent forces (10g and 30g) were applied to the upper right first molars of mature Wistar rats to move them lingually for 1, 5 and 9 days with wire springs. The periodontal tissues in the pressure side were investigated light/electron-microscopically and cytochemically (localization of acid phosphatase activity). The periodontal tissues in the pressure side divided into the following three areas were observed. The area I: The area of hyalinized tissues. The area II: The area situated within 100 microns from the end of hyalinized tissues. The area III: The area situated within 100 microns from the border of area II. The following results were obtained. I Tooth movement Experimental teeth applied with 30 g were moved much more than those applied with 10g. II Light microscopic findings 1) The narrowness of the periodontal space in the area I was not observed remarkably on 1 and 5 day experiment of 10g and 1 day experiment of 30g, though hyalinized tissues had appeared in them. 2) Semi-hyalinized tissues observed in some parts of area II degenerated into hyalinized tissues during the experimental periods. 3) Direct resorption of alveolar bone by osteoclasts was seen initially in the area III on 5 day experiment of 10g and 1 day experiment of 30g. III Electron microscopic findings 1) The hyalinized tissues (area I) and semi-hyalinized tissues (some parts of area II) were characterized to contain only a few necrotic cells and cell debris. The localization of Acpase activity could not be seen in these cells and cell debris. 2) Fibroblasts in the area II and III showed various appearances; autophagy, heterophagy of collagen fibrils, fusion with other fibroblasts and cell degeneration. And the localization of Acpase-activity was observed remarkably in lysosomes, secondary lysosomes and Golgi apparatus. A few macrophages were observed in the area II and III, but the other inflammatory cells and foreign body giant cells could not be seen. 3) On the other hand, active and inactive osteoclasts were seen on the bone surface in both area II and area III.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The comparative cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane with halothane and isoflurane.

Using closed chest dogs, the cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane were compared with those of halothane and isoflurane in equipotent doses of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 MAC. They were evaluated by the changes of arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (LV dp/dt), cardiac output and coronary sinus blood flow. The suppression of left cardiac function by sevoflurane was less than that of halothane, but was greater than that of isoflurane. Heart rate, systemic vascular resistance with sevoflurane were slightly lower than that of isoflurance. The coronary sinus blood flows with sevoflurane and isoflurane were significantly ( P < 0.05 at 1.0 MAC, P < 0.005 at 2.0 MAC) higher than halothane. There was no significant difference on coronary sinus flow between sevoflurane and isoflurane. The depth of anesthesia could be quickly changed by adjustment of inspired sevoflurane concentration in comparison with the other two anesthetics.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies to human glomerular antigens.

Using cultured human fetal kidney cortical cells as antigen, two monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) against human glomeruli were produced. One of these moAbs, H-4, recognized the cell surface of glomerular epithelial cells, and the other, H-13, recognized the extracellular matrix present in the mesangial area. Both also reacted with liver, H-4 recognizing antigen present on the hepatocyte, and H-13 recognizing antigen distributed along the sinusoid. Species specificity for these moAbs was examined using mouse, rat, guinea pig and rabbit glomeruli, which revealed that H-4 reacted with rat glomerular epithelial cells and H-13 stained guinea pig glomerular mesangium. In the human fetal kidney, H-13 reacted with the mesangium, glomerular and tubular basement membrane and Bowman's capsule, and H-4 with the glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Dot immunobinding assay of fibronectin purified from glomerular culture supernatant and plasma revealed that H-13 recognized both plasma and cellular fibronectin. Immunoblot analysis of 2.0 M guanidine HCl extract after dissociation in sodium dodecyl sulfate and electrophoresis demonstrated binding of H-4 to a 125 kd polypeptide. Immunoblot analysis of thermolysin-digested fibronectin exhibited binding of H-13 to 145 kd and 110 kd fragments, but not to 38 kd-29 kd fragments. In renal biopsy specimens from patients with membranous nephropathy. H-13 stained the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), but not the mesangium, whereas anti-fibronectin antisera stained both the GBM and the mesangium. In those from patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), IgA glomerulonephritis (IgAGN) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), the staining pattern with H-13 was similar to that with polyclonal anti-fibronectin antisera. These results indicate that H-4 recognizes a 125 kd polypeptide constituent of the glomerular epithelial cell membrane and that H-13 recognizes the cell binding domain of fibronectin as well as revealing structural alterations in the mesangium and GBM.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Unilateral renal agenesis with or without ipsilateral adrenal agenesis.

We analyzed 7 patients with unilateral renal agenesis. The coexistence of unilateral renal agenesis with ipsilateral adrenal agenesis was confirmed surgically in 2 patients, 1 of whom had clinical features of Cushing's syndrome owing to adrenocortical adenoma of a solitary adrenal gland. It is imperative to suspect abnormalities of the ipsilateral adrenal gland when unilateral renal agenesis is encountered. Unilateral renal agenesis usually is asymptomatic. Recognition of this anomaly is essential for early correct diagnosis.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of MAC and the rate of rise of alveolar concentration of sevoflurane with halothane and isoflurane in the dog.

The anesthetic requirements for sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane were determined in mongrel dogs. The MACs (minimum alveolar concentration) of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane were 2.36 +/- 0.46% (n = 18), 1.39 +/- 0.25% (n = 10), and 0.89 +/- 0.20% (n = 12), respectively (mean +/- SD). In agreement with sevoflurane's low blood/gas partition coefficient (0.6), the rate of rise of alveolar concentration toward that inspired (FA/FI) for sevoflurane was significantly faster than that for either halothane or isoflurane. Thirty seconds after breathing a constant inspired concentration FA/FI was 0.75 for sevoflurane, which was 2.96 times higher than that with halothane (0.25 +/- 0.02) and 1.29 times higher than that with isoflurane (0.6 +/- 0.05). Induction with sevoflurane was smooth, with no struggling nor excessive salivation.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Charge-selective permeability of dermo-epidermal junction: tracer studies with cationic and anionic ferritins.

To investigate quantitatively the charge-selective permeability of the basement membrane (BM) of the dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ), tracer experiments using anionic and cationic ferritins were performed on an epidermal sheet, whose lamina densa was exposed on the dermal surface; its dermis was removed with forceps after the treatment of newborn rat skin with 10 mM dithiothreitol. The lamina densa and epidermal components of the sheets were electron microscopically well preserved, and anionic sites were ultrastructurally demonstrated on both the dermal and epidermal aspects of the lamina densa in the DEJ as clusters of cationic ferritins (CF) [isoelectric point (pI) greater than 9.5] or polyethyleneimine particles, indicating that the epidermal sheets were suitable for study of permeability. In tracer experiments, a large number of CF (pI 8.0-9.4) passed the lamina densa and formed clusters on both aspects of the lamina densa and in the intercellular space. The number of native anionic ferritins (NF) (pI 4.1-4.6) passing it was apparently much smaller than that of CF. When the epidermal sheets were pre-treated with protamine sulfate to neutralize the negative charges in the tissue, the number of NF penetrating the lamina densa was significantly larger than the number of those in the untreated sheet. These results indicate that the BM of the DEJ plays a role in a charge-selective filtration, although it is not as selective a barrier as the glomerular basement membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Testicular microlithiasis in male infertility.

Testicular microlithiasis was found in a 30-year-old infertile man. The literature is reviewed and the possible influence of testicular microlithiasis on male infertility is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hormone profiles in Klinefelter's syndrome with and without testicular epidermoid cyst.

Hormonal studies were performed in patients of Klinefelter's syndrome with and without testicular epidermoid cyst. Mean levels of plasma gonadotropins were elevated above normal ranges. The mean testosterone level in plasma was abnormally low. The mean prolactin level in plasma was within the normal limit. However, mean plasma levels of these hormones were not significantly different between the two groups. The administration of LH-RH resulted in low response of plasma gonadotropins. The response of plasma testosterone to the administration of hCG was also abnormally low. However, in the LH-RH and hCG tests there were no significant differences between the two groups. These data suggested that the hormonal disturbance in Klinefelter's syndrome is unrelated to the occurrence of testicular epidermoid cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case report of extragonadal germ cell tumor with special reference to VAB-6 therapy].

A 24-year-old man with a large abdominal mass in addition to the left lymph node swelling was referred to our clinic. Neither testicular nodulus nor overt evidence of tumor development in the scrotal cavity was confirmed by careful palpation and testicular biopsy. Values of lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and beta-HCG in the serum were markedly elevated. The specimen removed from the left cervical lymph node demonstrated mixed type of choriocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma. A partial response near complete remission was achieved following the VAB-6 combination therapy (cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, actinomycin D, bleomycin, cis-platinum). The patient has been in good health with normal tumor markers and abdominal CT findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Renal cyst puncture under ultrasound guidance: complications of ethanol injection].

Under ultrasound guidance, we treated 25 cases of renal cyst with 99% ethanol instillation to prevent the recurrence of this disease from January 1985 to June 1987. Patients' age was from 17 to 85 years old with the average age of 63 years. Twelve cases were men, and 13 cases were women. Among the 25 cases, eleven were asymptomatic and 14 showed clinical features of lumbago, microhematuria, hypertension or proteinuria. The aspirated site was the right side in 9, left side in 14 and bilateral kidneys in 2 cases. Subsequently, cyst puncture was carried out 27 times. We encountered 12 complications following puncture. These complications were derived from the puncture itself or caused by the ethanol instillation. Flank pain caused by the injection of ethanol, nausea, causalgia or a feeling of drunkenness appeared immediately after the inoculation procedure. However, no serious complications such as pneumothorax, perirenal hematoma or infection were recognized. Some complications arose in 7 cases of 9 examples (77.8%) following more than 50 ml of ethanol injection, but the complications were observed in only 5 cases of 18 examples (22.8%) following less than 50 ml of administration. Based on these findings, ethanol injection in renal cysts appears to be useful for the treatment of this disease. In case of huge cysts when more than 50 ml of ethanol, is instilled the case should be followed up carefully after the instillation procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Nephritogenicity of anti-Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma antibody.

We have examined the antibody activity and nephritogenicity of anti-Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma antiserum in order to analyze the pathogenesis of the EHS nephropathy which has already been reported by us. An increased amount of urine protein was not recognized in rats injected with a large quantity of anti-EHS sarcoma antiserum. In addition, rats immunized with rabbit IgG before anti-EHS sarcoma antiserum injection developed no abnormal proteinuria, despite positive fluorescent staining for rat IgG as well as rabbit IgG in the glomeruli. From these results we concluded that nephritogenic antibodies could not be produced in rabbits by immunization with EHS sarcoma, which could induce the EHS nephropathy in an active model.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) nephritis in rats. IV. A sequential evaluation of mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) function.

A clearance kinetic study of intravenously administered 125I-labeled aggregated human IgG (125I-AHIgG) from the circulation and its distribution in various organs was performed weekly during the course in a model of experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis which was induced in rats immunized 8 weeks previously with 6 times a week administration of 2 mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 4 weeks from week 8 to 12. The removal rates of the injected 125I-AHIgG from the circulation were retarded in nonproteinuric rats of week 9 and 10, at almost every checked point (p-value was less than 0.01). The clearance in those rats with severe proteinuria returned to the level of the control and of rats in week 8. The distribution of 125I-AHIgG in the liver 4 hours after the administration revealed a considerable decrease in non-overt proteinuric rats of weeks 9, 10, and 11. A similar tendency of decreasing depositions of the radioactivity was shown in the spleen at each 4 hours. In contrast, the uptakes in the kidney and lung at the final week of 12 were larger. Delayed clearance from the circulation and a decreasing handle of the injected macromolecule in the liver and possibly in the spleen may suggest the presence of some impairment of the MPS function in the course of this experimental glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sclerotic lesions in the glomeruli of Buffalo/Mna rats.

Spontaneously developing focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FGS) in Buffalo/Mna rats was studied. There were no differences in the occurrence of the disease between male and female rats. Plasma macromolecules were detected in the urine samples of 2-month-old rats using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All 4-month-old animals had proteinuria in excess of 30 mg/24 h. At the age of 4 months, sclerotic glomeruli were rarely observed. At the age of 6 months, all animals had a few sclerotic glomeruli in every kidney section examined. Animals which were 22 months old had sclerotic lesions in 37.8-52.1% of the glomeruli. Ultrastructural examination revealed that alterations in epithelial cells, such as effacement of foot processes, vacuolization, and a podocytic membrane-like structure, were found at the age of 2 months. The animals examined were neither uremic nor hypertensive. Our present study showed that female as well as male Buffalo/Mna rats had an earlier onset of the disease than the other strains of rats and that alterations in glomerular epithelial cells were first detected in the early stage of the disease.

Aging↗