Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T L Rothwell.
Exophthalmos was found in aged rats in several longevity studies. Four cases were due to malignant Harderian gland neoplasia whilst others were associated with severe Harderian gland inflammation, less severe inflammation being found in rats without exophthalmos.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Infection of guinea pigs with the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis was followed by a three- to fourfold increase in the number of mast cells in the small intestine mucosa. Mitotic figures were observed in many mast cells during the period numbers were increasing. Many mast cells developed cytoplasmic granules which, unlike pre-infection mast cell granules, contained crystalline structures.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The influence of genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the guinea pig on the susceptibility to infection with the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis was investigated. Back-cross analysis of 2 lines of guinea pigs suggests that genes that map in or near the I region of the guinea pig MHC influence susceptibility to infection by the parasite. However, other genes, possibly not linked to the guinea pig MHC, may also be required for the full expression of susceptibility.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Two lines of guinea-pigs, whose susceptibilities to infection with the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis differ significantly, have been established. This difference is probably based on genetically determined differences between the ability of members of each line to bring about immune expulsion of the parasite.
Some aspects of the local immune response to nematode infection were examined by introducing fourth-stage Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae into Thiry-Vella loops in worm-free and T. colubriformis-resistant sheep. Approximately 15% of the larvae introduced into the worm-free sheep survived and matured into adult worms, whereas less than 1% survival in resistant sheep. The amount of IgG1, IgG2, IgM and albumin discharged from loops in worm-free but not resistant sheep all increased following infection with larvae. Secretions from resistant sheep contained approximately three times as much IgA as secretions from the worm-free group and, in addition, their plasma IgG1 level was significantly higher. Antibodies against T. columbriformis were found in both plasma and intestinal secretions, the highest titres being found in the resistant sheep. During worm expulsion from loops in the resistant sheep neither immunoglobulin levels nor antibody titres in the secretions increased significantly.
Significant numbers of fourth larval stage Trichostrongylus colubriformis from sheep donors are expelled from the small intestine of T. colubriformis-immune guinea pigs within 8 h of transplantation into this organ. This model system for the immune expulsion of gastrointestinal nematode parasites was used in the current experiments to examine the effect of drugs recently shown to modify the release of histamine. The experiments showed that worm expulsion was inhibited by the beta-adrenergic agonists salbutamol and isoprenaline, the phosphodiesterase inhibitors aminophylline and ICI 63,197, the antiallergic drug ICI 74,917 and the antihistamine mepyramine. The beta-blocker propranolol prevented inhibition of worm expulsion following salbutamol treatment and there was some evidence of synergistic action between salbutamol and ICI 63,197. The results support previous findings suggesting an important role for histamine release in the effector mechanism of the immune response of guinea pigs against the parasitic nematode T.colubriformis.
A temporal relationship was established between the onset of expulsion of the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis from the intestine of both vaccinated and adoptively immunized guinea pigs with a sudden increase in small intestinal mucosal histamine to two or three times pre-infection levels. However, in guinea pigs whose capacity to expel T. colubriformis was inhibited by treatment with anti-lymphocyte serum, mucosal histamine remained at pre-infection levels. The results support previous findings which suggest an important role for histamine in the effector mechanism of the immune response of guinea pigs against T. colubriformis.