An investigation was carried out of the metabolic processes, and some procedures for standardizing them, for patients with severe burns receiving uniformly distributed dosified high-calorie catheter alimentation, i.e. enteral hyperalimentation, in addition to the hospital's daily diet. Fifteen types of mixtures of Combustal were used, made and preserved ad hoc, and two commercial probe alimentation liquid products--Biosorbin-MCT (Pfrimmer-Kabi) and Fresubin (Fresenius AG). The average period taken to normalize the nitrogen balance was sixteen days counted from commencement of hyperalimentation. While it shifted the nitrogen balance figures from negative to positive, it was also seen to reduce A and C phospholipase activities in serum, while the level of excretion of nitrogenated amino acids and creatine remained high. During this time, pseudocholinesterase activity dropped, with the concentration of fibronectine in serum, which indicates low levels of biosynthetic processes and insufficiency in the reticuloendothelial system. The average value for the determination of lipids in general remained normal throughout the catheter feeding period. To ensure complete normalization of the metabolic process in patients suffering severe burns, enteral hyperalimentation must be extended for at least one month.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in skin enzyme activity in experimental burns].

Activities of proteolytic enzymes--cathepsins B and D, trypsin-like proteases, leucine aminopeptidase--as well as of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes were studied in area of thermic burns of skin and hypodermic tissue, in the zone surrounding the burns area and in intact skin of burned rats. Within a day after burns activities of the enzymes studied were distinctly decreased. The low levels of the activities were within the next three weeks. The activities of the proteolytic enzymes were gradually restored and exceeded the normal level in the tissues situated under crust, in boundary zone and in leukocytes of demarcational zone; the increase in activity appears to affect the subsequent deepening of burn wounds.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid metabolism in patients with burn disease during nasogastral tube hyperalimentation].

A study was made of lipid metabolism in burn disease patients who received prolonged nasogastral feeding. The main alterations were discovered in phospholipid fractions of blood plasma and red blood cell membranes. In patients receiving nasogastral feeding, the alterations returned to normal more rapidly than in those who did not receive such a feeding. It is recommended that such a type of intensive care should be introduced on a broader scale in the treatment of burn disease patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Motor evacuatory function of the stomach and the absorptive capacity of the intestines in patients with extensive suppurative wounds receiving tube feeding].

Radionuclide gastroscopy conducted in patients with vast purulent wounds and sepsis disclosed reduced motor-evacuatory function of the stomach and the rate of its fractional emptying, that supports the necessity of continuous administration of nutrient mixtures by a drip method. A significant improvement of the motor evacuatory function and the rate of fractionated emptying of the stomach, 9-12 days after the commencement of the enteral (tube) nutrition, has shown the necessity of its use at the early stages of the course of severe purulent infection. The investigation of the absorptive capacity of the intestine with the use of the D-xylose test has revealed that it is insignificantly decreased in 82.6% of patients with severe purulent infection, and tube nutrition in such patients could be successfully conducted. Only in 17.4% of the patients the adsorptive capacity of the intestine was significantly decreased, and in these cases predominantly parenteral nutrition was recommended.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Protein uptake in patients with burns receiving dosed high-calorie tube feeding].

Protein assimilation was studied by means of radionuclide diagnosis methods, using 131I-albumin, in 10 patients with grave burns, fed a high-caloric dosed diet via a gastric tube (HCDGT). Simultaneously, the intestinal absorption was studied by the alpha-xylose test, and some protein metabolism parameters were investigated. The level of protein assimilation in burned patients was found to fluctuate within a wide range and to be most often reduced. A direct relationship was observed between protein assimilation and small intestine absorption. The degree of protein assimilation influenced the time course of protein metabolism: in all the examined patients on HCDGT a positive tendency of the anabolic processes was observed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied