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Biomedical subjects

T Machida

Publications and source records attributed to T Machida.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Unexpected renal cell carcinomas found during the operation in renal calculus: report of two cases].

Case 1: A 58-year-old man was seen with dull pain over the left flank. The X-ray examination revealed a renal stone in the left kidney. On operation, a globular hard mass was found in the lower portion of the posterior aspect of the kidney from which a biopsy specimen was obtained. A frozen section study showed renal cell carcinoma, and nephrectomy was performed. The patient is well four years after the operation without recurrence or metastasis. Case 2: A 50-year-old man consulted with microhematuria pointed out in a physical examination. At the operation for renal stone, we found the mass in the lower portion of the kidney. A frozen section study of the mass revealed renal cell carcinoma. We performed nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy on the renal pedicle. The patient is well three years after the operation. We reviewed the cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with renal calculi reported in Japan and discussed how the nephrectomy should be performed according to the frozen section study.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

[Angiomyolipoma of the kidney with regional lymph node involvement].

A 44-year-old male was admitted with complaints of gross hematuria and high fever. An excretory urogram and renal angiography revealed a massive lesion in the right kidney. A computed tomographic scan showed bilateral renal tumors with low-density areas. Transperitoneal right radical nephrectomy, regional lymph node dissection and left renal biopsy were performed on September 5, 1984. The tumor was 14.5 X 7 X 6 cm in size and yellowish in cross section. The pathological diagnosis was bilateral angiomyolipomas and the same in the right hilar lymph node and the surrounding tissue. There was no evidence of malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Sequential magnetic resonance images of a case of cerebral sinus thrombosis--imaging of the thrombosed sinus and its recanalization].

Magnetic resonance images of a case of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis before and after complete recanalization are presented. The patient was a 61-year-old man with two days history of intermittent right hemiconvulsion followed by post-ictal hemiplegia. Mild erythrocytosis was noted on admission. CT scans revealed left frontal hemorrhagic infarction with empty delta sign in the middle portion of the superior sagittal sinus. Left carotid angiogram showed occlusion of two frontal cortical veins and retrograde filling of these veins into the cavernous sinus. Lack of filling of the middle and anterior part of the superior sagittal sinus was noted. These studies led to the diagnosis of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with hemorrhagic infarction. He was treated with intravenous infusion of low molecular dextran and venesection. Neither heparin, urokinase, hyperosmolar solutions nor steroids were used because of the presence of hemorrhagic infarction and of the lack of signs of increased intracranial pressure. He completely recovered neurologically and recanalization of the superior sagittal sinus was confirmed angiographically eight weeks after the onset. Magnetic resonance images were taken with a Siemens 1.5 T Magnetom scanner using spin-echo pulse sequences. A T 1-weighted mid-sagittal magnetic resonance image ten days after the onset showed hyperintensity in the middle part of the superior sagittal sinus which corresponded to the thrombus. Both T 1 and T 2 weighted coronal images revealed a small area of hypointensity indicating the existence of residual blood flow in the superior sagittal sinus in addition to the thrombus both in the sinus and in the cortical vein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1987

Phase III trial of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin: cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatinum versus cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

A non-randomized clinical study on systemic combination chemotherapy was conducted by the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin to compare the effectiveness of CAP (cyclophosphamide 200-500 mg/m2, adriamycin 30-50 mg/m2 and cisplatin 30-50 mg/m2) and CAF (cyclophosphamide 200-500 mg/m2, adriamycin 30-50 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 250 mg/m2) in 123 patients (104 evaluable) with advanced and/or metastatic cancer of the urinary bladder. Among 96 patients who were non-randomly selected to receive CAP, 4 achieved complete remission, 12 achieved partial remission, 7 achieved minor response, 30 had stable disease, and 43 had disease progression. The response in the 8 patients who received CAF were: partial remission in 1 and progressive disease in 7. The overall response rate to CAP therapy was 17%, as against 13% for CAF therapy. The median duration of survival with CAP was 29 weeks and with CAF, 22 weeks. The differences between the two groups in duration of survival and response rate were not statistically significant. Complete and/or partial remissions were observed in the lymph nodes, lung and liver in 32%, 24%, and 57% of cases, respectively. There was no objective response in bone metastasis. The main side effects of CAP were anorexia (88%), nausea and/or vomiting (81%), alopecia (65%), leukopenia (72%), anemia (48%), and renal dysfunction (17%). No patients died as a result of toxicity of these combination chemotherapy modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparative analysis of short-term and long-term prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder cancer. Prospective, randomized, controlled studies of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group.

The Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group has conducted three randomized clinical studies on intravesical chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancers. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the first and second of these. The protocol used in the first study was a so-called short-term schedule in which drugs (for group A, ADM 30 mg/30 ml; group B, ADM 20 mg/40 ml; group C, MMC 20 mg/40 ml; and group D, control) were administered twice a week for 4 weeks after transurethral resection (TUR), and in the second study a long-term schedule was used, in which drugs (for group E, ADM 30 mg/30 ml; group F, ADM 20 mg/40 ml; group G, MMC 20 mg/40 ml; and group H, control) were administered twice a week for 1 week, every 2 weeks for 7 weeks, monthly for 8 months, and finally once every 3 months for 1 year. In the first study 575 patients were evaluated and followed up for 5 years. The second study started 28 months later, and 607 patients were evaluated. A generally good prophylactic effect was obtained in the second study when the patients' backgrounds were adjusted in combination with the history and number of the tumors. The second study did not reveal any promoting or inhibitory effect on the progression of the recurrent tumors. There were no significant side effects in either study. The indications and the schedule for prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy should be more carefully studied.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

A radiological population study on the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the spine.

This paper reports the results of a radiological population study on the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in both the cervical and the thoracic spine among Japanese. The study was carried out in the Yachiho-mura district in the central part of Japan, where 5074 people were living. X-ray examinations were made of 1058 of the people; there were 440 men and 618 women, 50 or more years of age. The roentgenograms showed 34 cases of OPLL in the cervical spine (3.2%): 19 men (4.3%) and 15 women (2.4%). The condition was most frequently observed at the level of C-4. Radiological classification showed 18 cases of the segmental type, 11 of the continuous type, and five of a mixed type. There were eight cases of OPLL in the thoracic spine (0.8%), four in men (0.9%) and four in women (0.6%). OPLL in the thoracic spine was most frequently observed at the midthoracic levels. All eight cases showed a continuous type of ossification. There were three subjects with OPLL in both the cervical and the thoracic spine. Therefore, the number of subjects with OPLL in either the cervical or the thoracic spine was 39 (3.7%) total.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of a human chorionic gonadotropin-producing testicular choriocarcinoma cell line.

A testicular choriocarcinoma cell line designated JHTK-1 was established in vitro from a mixed germ cell tumor xenografted into nude mice, and may prove to be the first human choriocarcinoma cell line of testicular origin in long-term culture. The cells have been kept in culture for three years and produce human chorionic gonadotropin persistently. The chromosome number distribution ranged from tetraploidy to septaploidy, and trypsin G-band karyotyping showed that all the chromosomes were of human origin. Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate at a concentration of 1 mM caused more than 15-fold stimulation of human chorionic gonadotropin secretion with morphological alteration in JHTK-1 cells. This suggests that dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate induces the differentiation of cytotrophoblastic cells into syncytiotrophoblastic cells among JHTK-1 cells. When JHTK-1 cells were heterotransplanted into the subcutis of BALB/c nude mice, large cystic tumors were produced with histological characteristics similar to choriocarcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Hormone therapy of male genital cancer (prostatic cancer)].

Endocrine therapy for urological tumor includes estrogen therapy for prostatic carcinoma. This endocrine therapy is one of the most firmly established therapeutic methods in the field of clinical oncology. However, confusion exists about how long this treatment remains effective and whether it prolongs survival, since estrogen can create cardiovascular complications in patients with prostatic carcinoma. Recently, new endocrine agents have been developed to compensate for the problems of estrogen therapy and to make treatment more effective. Estramustine sodium phosphate is medicine for internal use prepared by combining estradiol with nitrogen mustard. This hormonal chemotherapeutic agent has proved effective in 98% of treated patients. Most of the side effects of this agent have been observed in the digestive organs. Chlormadinone acetate, a progestational agent, has proved more effective against early prostatic carcinoma than against late-stage disease. LHRH analogue, which is now drawing much attention as a "chemical castration" agent for prostatic cancer patients, exerts an effectiveness equal to medium-dose estrogen treatment. The above three agents for the treatment of prostatic carcinoma should become increasingly popular in the future.

Buserelin↗
PubMed1987

[99mTc-DMSA renal uptake in urological diseases measured from renal tomographic images using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)].

To determine renal function, 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake was measured from renal tomographic images obtained by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). A total of 77 tests was conducted on 73 patients with various diseases in the kidneys and urinary tract to determine renal uptake. The correlation coefficient(r) between total renal volume and total renal uptake was 0.3509 and that between renal volume and uptake of 143 kidneys was 0.5433. In 62 patients whose creatinine clearance could be measured, the correlation coefficient between creatinine clearance and total renal volume was 0.2352, and that between creatinine clearance and total renal uptake was 0.8854, that is, creatinine clearance correlated well with renal uptake. Renal volume and uptake determined in 10 normal male and 10 normal female adults were 220 ml and 26.8% for the right kidney and 239 ml and 27.6% for the left kidney for the males and 206 ml and 26.4% (right) and 237 ml and 27.9% (left) for the females. This method, which requires no blood or urine collection, is very useful as an individual kidney function test to evaluate individual kidney function and to understand kidney function before and after operation in patients with renal and urinary diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Colorectal cancer and synchronous adenomatous or malignant polyps--factors influencing its incidence].

A retrospective study was made of 433 patients with colorectal cancer who were operated on between January, 1971 and September, 1986. Two-hundred and forty-eight synchronous polyps (226 adenomas and 22 carcinomas) were found in 128 patients (29.6%). The incidence of polyps varied according to the patient's age, sex, family history of colorectal cancer, and also according to the macroscopic classification, depth of infiltration, and the number of the primary tumors. Of these, macroscopic classification seemed to be the most important factor determined by multivariate analysis. The incidence of synchronous polyps of the protuberant type were the highest (50%), as compared to the ulcerating type (28%) and the infiltrating type (19%) (p less than 0.03).

Adenoma↗