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Biomedical subjects

T Machida

Publications and source records attributed to T Machida.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Phase II study of recombinant human interferon gamma (S-6810) in renal cell carcinoma. Urological Cooperative Study Group of Recombinant Human Interferon Gamma (S-6810)].

A phase II study of recombinant human interferon gamma (rHuIFN-gamma) administered intravenously and intramuscularly was carried out in 84 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma with the cooperation of 18 institutions throughout Japan. The eligibility of the patients and evaluation of the responses were undertaken according to the general criteria proposed by Drs. Koyama and Saito. Out of 84 cases entered in this phase II study, 62 patients were evaluable for antitumor effects. In the case of continuous administration of 8-12 X 10(6) U/m2/day interferon for 4 weeks, 32 patients were evaluable. The response rate was 6.3%. In the case of intermittent therapy of 40 X 10(6) U/m2/day interferon for 8 weeks, six out of 30 patients (20%) were evaluable as responders. Among them, one patient showed a complete response, all patients tolerated this type of interferon well. Major adverse effects were fever (86.8%), anorexia (67.1%), fatigue (53.9%) and leukopenia (42.1%). No life-threatening toxicities were found. The results of this study showed that rHuIFN-gamma had antitumor activity against renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Phase I study of a recombinant gamma interferon (S-6810)].

A phase I study of a recombinant gamma interferon (S-6810) was conducted in a cooperative study involving 11 institutions. S-6810 was administered at doses of 2, 4, 8, 12, 32 and 64 X 10(6) U/m2 by one-hour infusion for 5 consecutive days. A total of 40 courses were administered to 31 patients. High fever exceeding 38 degrees C with chills occurred in about 80% of patients. The incidences of other toxicities were fatigue in 50%, gastrointestinal toxicities in 30-40%, and changes in hepatic enzymes and hematologic toxicities in 20-30%. Dose-limiting factors were judged to be hypotension, leukopenia and central nervous toxicity. Maximum tolerated dose was 64 X 10(6) U/m2 and an optimal dose for phase II study was considered to be 6 X 10(6) U/m2 by daily chronic schedule. Blood concentration was highest at the end of infusion, and then decreased rapidly with a biphasic curve. The peak concentrations were elevated by escalation of doses. A partial response was observed in a patient with mycosis fungoides.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical observation of pheochromocytoma].

Eleven cases of pheochromocytoma observed at our department between 1976 and 1985 are presented. There were 5 males and 6 females and they were between 18 and 59 years old. The site of the tumor was in the right adrenal in 4 cases, left adrenal in 3 cases, bilateral adrenals in 2 cases and extra adrenal in 3 cases, 1 of which had multiple lesions and involvement of the right adrenal. Clinical symptoms observed were hypertension in 10 cases, headache in 7 cases, palpitation in 3 cases and nausea in 2 cases. Atypical adrenal pheochromocytoma was seen in 1 case. Definitive diagnosis was established by determination of urinary catecholamine levels in the 24-hour sample. Urinary levels of catecholamine revealed higher adrenaline levels for paroxysmal type and higher nor-adrenaline levels for extra-adrenal cases. For localization of tumors, computed tomography was most useful with a diagnostic rate of 100%, followed by ultrasonography and adrenal scan. As preoperative treatment, blood transfusion and administration of adrenergic blocking agents were performed in 9 cases. In all but 2 cases, hypertension was improved and no recurrence was seen after the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Estimation of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid renal uptake using single photon emission computed tomography].

Renal function was assessed by measurement of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) uptake by the kidney based on the transsectional tomographic image obtained by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The renal uptake was expressed as percentage of the total radioactivity detected in the kidney, the volume of which was measured by convolution method, against the amount dosed. Absorption was corrected by GE-STAR method using cut off level of 42%. In order to determine normal range, measurement was made for 40 kidneys of each of 10 male and female volunteers confirmed of having normal kidneys both morphologically and functionally. The average volume of the kidney was 220.4 ml for the right and 239.3 ml for the left for males, and 205.9 ml and 236.5 ml, respectively for females. The renal uptake of radioactivity (at 2 h after injection), was 26.8% for the right and 27.6% for the left for males, with corresponding figures for females being 26.4% and 27.9%, respectively. Distribution range of renal volume and renal uptake was obtained by bivariate analysis with 90% and 95% probability. From these results, our method of renal function determination based on renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA obtained from renal transactional tomogram by SPECT is considered to be accurate and potentially useful for clinical purpose.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of clival chordomas.

Chordoma of the clivus is one of the skull base tumors which originate from the remains of the notochord. The magnetic resonance findings in six patients are reported. The tumors showed slightly low intensity on T1 weighted images, but high intensity on T2 weighted images. The localization of the tumor was easily recognized by the disappearance of the normal signal in the clivus. Compression of the pons and medulla oblongata was readily diagnosed on sagittal images. A normal pituitary gland was demonstrated in all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful for the diagnosis and for the surgical treatment of these chordomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

An epidemiological survey on ossification of ligaments in the cervical and thoracic spine in individuals over 50 years of age.

An epidemiological survey on ossification of the spinal ligaments was performed on a total of 1,058 subjects over the age of 50 years by means of roentgenography of the cervical and thoracic spine. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the cervical spine was detected in 34 subjects (3.2%) with a predilection for men, whereas OPLL in the thoracic spine was found in 8 (0.8%). There were 325 cases (30.7%) of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL) of stage II or above by Forestier's classification in the region from the cervical to thoracic vertebrae, and these cases included a significantly greater number of men. Ossification of the ligamenta flava (OLF) was observed in 48 cases (4.5%). As for the coexistence of ossification of these ligaments, 364 individuals (34.4%) had at least one instance of OPLL and OALL (stage II or above) in the region from the cervical to thoracic spine, and OLF in the thoracic spine.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of astromicin administered by intravenous drip infusion. Report III. Bacterial infections in the field of urology].

Intravenous drip infusion of a new aminoglycoside agent, astromicin (ASTM), was used for various urological infections, and its clinical efficacy and safety were studied. Each of almost all the patients tested was given 200 mg of ASTM twice a day by intravenous drip infusion. Among 114 cases with complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) evaluated according to the criteria for evaluation of drug efficacy in UTI, clinical response was excellent in 16, moderate in 54 and poor in 44. The efficacy rate was 61.4%. Among 137 cases who were evaluated for side effects, headache was observed in 1 case (0.7%), which recovered spontaneously the day after the withdrawal of the drug. Slight elevation in S-GOT, S-GPT, Al-P and others was observed in 12 cases (8.8%) as abnormal laboratory test values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cooperative phase II study of epirubicin (EPI) in bladder cancer, renal pelvic and ureteral tumors--Urological Cooperative Study Group of EPI].

A phase II study of a new anthracycline anti-cancer antibiotics, epirubicin (EPI), was undertaken in 71 patients with urothelial malignancies; 40 with advanced urothelial malignancies and 31 with superficial bladder cancer. Out of them 32 patients with advanced stage of urothelial cancer were evaluated for the systemic use of EPI, while 30 patients with superficial bladder cancer for intravesical use. Intravenous administration of this new anticancer antibiotic, at a dosage of 60 mg/m2 every three weeks, showed the response rate of 20.0% for advanced bladder cancer and 14.3% for renal pelvic and ureteral tumors. In cases of superficial bladder cancer, at a dosage of 60 mg/30 ml X 3 day every week in principal, the response rate was 66.7%. Eight out of 30 patients showed complete disappearance of the tumor. Twelve patients also showed more than 50% tumor regression. As for adverse effects no serious cardiotoxicity was demonstrated. Anorexia and other gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, were also seen. Alopecia and myelosuppression were the major adverse effects among patients with systemic EPI administration. With intravesical use of EPI, cystitis syndrome was the major toxicity. However, no systemic side effects were noted in these cases. In conclusion, EPI was assumed to be effective for the treatment of advanced urothelial tumors and superficial bladder cancer.

Aged↗