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Biomedical subjects

T Machida

Publications and source records attributed to T Machida.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Lymphadenectomy for renal cell carcinoma].

The techniques, results and problems of lymphadenectomy were assessed in 56 cases of renal cell carcinoma. As the approach to the retroperitoneum, the thoracoabdominal approach was used in 22 cases and transabdominal approach in 34 cases. Radical nephrectomy was performed, followed by lymphadenectomy. All of the regional lymph nodes were dissected. The mean time required for lymphadenectomy was 1 hour and 40 minutes and the mean volume of blood loss was 350 ml. As intraoperative complications, vascular injury occurred in 3 cases. In 1 of these cases the left second lumbar vein was injured. Therefore, in lymphadenectomy caution should be exercised not to give injury to this blood vessel. The postoperative complication observed included bleeding and chylous ascites in 1 case each. In performing operations one must ligate the lymphatic vessel carefully. The 5-year-survival rate for 6 cases associated with metastasis to lymph node was 33%. From this fact, it was postulated that lymphadenectomy is helpful to improve prognosis of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sonographic patterns of renal cell carcinoma with emphasis on relation to tumor size.

The sonographic appearance of 37 renal cell carcinomas was reviewed with particular emphasis on the relationship between the echo pattern of tumor and tumor size. Small carcinomas tended to be solid and hypoechoic; seven lesions less than 5 cm in the largest dimension were either hypo- or isoechoic . The echogenicity level of the solid parts within the lesion, whether it was solid or mixed, tended to increase as the tumor grew. It is important to recognize that the sonographic appearance of renal cell carcinomas varies with the size of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of brain tumors: measurement of T1. Work in progress.

Longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of 20 brain tumors were calculated in vivo using a whole-body magnetic resonance unit with a 0.15-T resistive magnet. Images employing standard inversion recovery pulse sequences with different intervals between the 180 degrees pulse and selective excitation pulses were compared on every point of the 256 X 256 pixel matrix. Tumor, white matter, and gray matter were sampled from each patient from the computed T1 image for T1 measurement. Astrocytomas, neurinomas, and metastatic tumors showed longer T1 values than did meningiomas. Lipomas had the shortest T1s. It is concluded that it is difficult to predict histological types of brain tumors by the measurement of T1 alone because of the wide variation in relaxation times, but measurement of T1 can be helpful in differentiating brain tumors when additional information about the patient's condition is known.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer--special reference to pathological findings.

During 16 year period from 1967 to 1982, a total of 1,471 patients with gastric cancer were surgically treated at the authors' clinic and 1,347 of them underwent gastric resection. The 5-year survival rate for 692 of curatively operated patients was 73.8%, in contrast to 11.8% for non-curatively operated cases. A correlation study disclosed the depth of cancer infiltration and the extent of lymphnode metastasis to be most reliable prognostic factors. The 5-year survival rate for stage I cases was 91.0%, 70.0% for stage II, 46.7% for stage III, and 8.6% for stage IV. An improvement in the end-results was attributed mainly to the increased incidence of early cancer in surgical cases, and partially to proper adjuvant chemotherapy for the advanced cancer cases during or long-term after surgery. In fact, the cases of early gastric carcinoma whose depth invasion was limited within the mucosa or submucosa constituted 41.9% of the authors' surgical series in 1967-1982, and 5-year survival rates of patients in stages II, III and IV receiving cancer chemotherapy strikingly improved to 80.6%, 57.3%, and 13.2%, in contrast to 59.7%, 35.2% and 2.4% for control groups not treated with anticancer agents.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Purification and determination of human prostate specific antigen in the serum].

A human prostate specific antigen (PA) has been purified from an extract of prostatic tissue obtained during operation for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). The antigen, which can be demonstrated a single component by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), has an apparent molecular weight of about 34,000 and has lower mobility for the positive pole than prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). Double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) for PA in serum was developed with the antiserum raised in rabbit against partially purified PA. In normal serum of 30 controls the concentration were studied by the RIA. The normal upper limit of the serum PA levels in assay was set at 2.5 ng/ml. Elevated levels were observed in serum from 19 out of 21 untreated patients with prostatic carcinoma and 9 out of 23 patients with BPH, but latter less than 10 ng/ml. The results indicate that the PA is a potentially useful marker as well as PAP for prostatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[The therapy of renal cell carcinoma with human lymphoblastoid interferon].

We employed human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) in the treatment of 4 cases of renal carcinoma with pulmonary metastases. All of the cases were males aged 58 to 62. On initial examination, it was revealed that all 4 cases already had multiple metastatic lesions in the lung as well as in other organs such as brain and bone. HLBI was injected i.m. daily at a dosage of 6 X 10(6) units. Treatment was continued for 33 to 119 days, with the total dose being 198 X 10(6) units to 714 X 10(6) units. As to tumor response, minor response was obtained in 1 case, no change in 2 cases, and progressive disease in 1 case. In the case in which minor response was obtained, the size of the pulmonary metastases had reduced by 30% after 8 weeks of treatment with HLBI. As side effects, we observed fever in all cases, and also, anorexia, general malaise, asthenia, and myelosuppression. However, none of these symptoms were serious enough to require discontinuation of HLBI medication. From the results obtained in our own cases, we believe that HLBI may become a new antitumor agent effective for renal cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical effect of UFT on urogenital tumors].

Clinical study of UFT which was a mixture of FT and uracil, was conducted on 16 patients with urogenital malignancies. Seven patients had renal cell carcinoma, 5 patients had bladder cancer and 4 patients had prostatic cancer. UFT was continuously administrated at doses of 300 mg or 600 mg per day. One of the patients with renal cell carcinoma and 1 of the patients with bladder cancer showed a complete response, and 1 patient with each cancer showed a partial response, but none of the 4 patients with prostatic cancer responded. In total, complete or partial responses were obtained in 4 of the 16 patients, given an effective rate of 25.0%. Concerning side effects, 3 of the 16 patients complained of anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and stomatitis, but no hepatic or renal disorders, or marrow depression was observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[A case of allergic granulomatous prostatitis].

This is a case report of allergic granulomatous prostatitis and its systemic dissemination. A 45-year-old male visited our hospital with initial symptoms of dysuria, pollakiuria and fever on February 19, 1980. Thereafter, a painless abscess in his left cheek and hard swelling of his right parotid gland appeared. He was hospitalized on March 11 because of hearing difficulties and congestion in the conjunctiva. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities in the chest or abdomen, but a proctological examination showed stone-like hardness of the prostate gland which was the size of a hen's egg. Laboratory findings indicated peripheral eosinophilia and immunoglobulinemia. X-rays showed multiple coin lesions in the chest and multiple cystic changes in the spleen. Biopsies of the cheek lesion and prostate showed eosinophilic granulation accompanied by fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis. When steroid administration was started, his symptoms and signs showed dramatic but temporary improvement. The allergic lesions then gradually progressed and resisted the steroid therapy. He died on March 13, 1982. In 1972, Towfighi et al. presented 31 cases of nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis with a comprehensive review of the literature. They stated that eosinophilic granulomatous prostatitis with both fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis caused systemic disease with a poor prognosis. Since the pathological findings in our case showed eosinophilic granulation with fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis, it was a very rare case of the systemic type of eosinophilic granulomatous prostatitis experienced by Towfighi et al.

Dexamethasone↗
PubMed1984

[A case study with bladder metastasis of renal cell carcinoma and stomach cancer].

A 64-year-old woman received nephrectomy and lymph expurgation surgery for renal cell carcinoma on Jury 1, 1981. The pathologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the clear cell type at Robson's stage 2. She next visited the Department of Gastroenterology complaining of stomach discomfort on November 5, 1981. Stomach cancer of Borrmann's type IV was identified in the lesser gastric curvature, but only biopsy was performed because it was inoperable. The pathologic diagnosis was undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. On January 23, 1982, there was microscopic hematuria. A cystoscopic examination revealed one soy bean-sized, smooth, pedicle tumor to which coagula were partially adhered in the center of the triangular region. After TUR-Bt performed on March 3 the pathologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the clear cell type with no submucosal infiltration. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed as having suffered metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the bladder. She died of bleeding from stomach cancer on June 15. Based on the fact that the tumor was localized in the bladder mucosa, implantation through the urinary tract was strongly suspected as the metastatic route of the renal cell carcinoma to the bladder.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

A new radiopharmaceutical: 99mTc DMP for renal scanning.

99mTc-Dimercaptopropionic acid (DMP), a new renal scanning agent was synthesized, and the optimum preparative conditions and stability of this compound were determined. It was demonstrated that scans performed with this agent in rats showed highly selective renal images which may be of promise in future clinical use. The relationships between chemical structure and renal affinity are discussed based on the present results.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Combination chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil.

Combination three-drug chemotherapy with adriamycin (ADM), cyclophosphamide (CPM), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was performed in 24 cases of advanced bladder cancer who underwent surgical treatment, and three cases with recurrent or metastatic bladder cancer. The average age (25 men and 2 women) was 53. Of the 24 cases, nine were in stage T2, 10 in T3, and five in T4. One course consisted of a combination of 30 mg/m2 of ADM, 300 mg/m2 of CPM, and, 250 mg of 5-FU, administered five times. The combination was administered to three groups: every day for 5 days consecutively in group A, twice a week for 21/2 weeks in group B, and once every 4 weeks for 16 weeks in group C. After injection of ADM, CPM, and 5-FU, 200 mg/day of 5-FU was administered PO daily in all three groups. The 5-year survival rate of the 24 cases (apart from 3 cases with measurable metastatic tumor) was 58%. The 5-year survival rate for stage T2 was 88%, and that for stage T3 was 62.5%; all patients with stage T4 disease died before 3 years and 6 months. Partial response was seen in two out of three patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. Alopecia was observed in all cases as a side-effect of the chemotherapy. Also anorexia, nausea, and myelosuppression were observed in many cases, though the degree was tolerable. However, there were no disorders of the cardiovascular system, except for one case with transient hypotension.

Actuarial Analysis↗