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Biomedical subjects

T Popov

Publications and source records attributed to T Popov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Noninvasive methods to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs.

The anti-inflammatory effects of drugs can be studied non invasively using sputum which has either been produced spontaneously or induced with hypertonic saline. We have developed an efficient semi-automated method to examine sputum which should be widely applicable. This approach is recommended to provide a direct sampling of the airway secretions to study the inflammatory process and to demonstrate drug effects. We have validated a method to prospectively induce a mild exacerbation of airway inflammation by controlled reduction of inhaled steroid in steroid-dependent asthmatics. This can be used to examine the ability of drugs to prevent or reverse airway inflammation.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1992

[The hematological and biochemical changes in workers exposed to benzol].

The study embraces 122 workers from two productions, where the leading chemical noxious in the working environment is benzol. The workers are distributed in groups according to the calculated index of exposure in view of looking for dependence dose-effect. Routine indices of peripheral blood are examined as well as the activity of myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase in leucocytes. An organ-orientated screening, most frequently used for assessing the state of the liver was used. In a large group of workers (mainly from those with high index of exposure) are established early changes in leucocytes: neutropenia, toxic granules, strongly inhibited alkaline phosphatase in the granulocytes and tendency to leukopenia. It was confirmed, that the strongly inhibited alkaline phosphatase, find, which is established also in other workers with benzol exposure, is an early sign for myelotoxic effect of benzol. The biochemical study of workers gives no data for deviations in the functional status of the liver. Single changes in the indices are found characterizing lipid metabolism in workers from Ist risk group of both productions.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in the activity of mixed-function oxidases in workers in an artificial silk plant].

The carbon sulfide effect on the oxidase mixed function activity (OMF) is studied in 172 workers from plant producing artificial silk, distributed in 5 groups, according to index of exposure, defining the strength and duration of the toxic effect. The OMF activity is evaluated by giving aminopyrine and determining its metabolites in urine. The exposure to carbon sulfide effects the OMF activity. It is expressed by inhibition of OMF, manifested most frequently in quality controllers and transporters (31%) and heads of shift and section foremen (25%). In the remaining groups the OMF inhibition, estimated after the first aminopyrine metabolite, varies from 16% to 21%. Even more significant are the changes in the excretion of the second metabolite, where the deviation of the referent values reaches 56% for IInd group, 55% in IIIrd group and 45% in Ist group.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1991

[2 cases from the practice of intensive treatment].

Two cases from the intensive treatment practice are presented: Case I--a 43-year-old woman drawn out from a state of clinical death during chronic dialysis for chronic renal failure with importunate ultrafiltration to combat the severe pulmonary edema, which led to hypoxia and cardiac arrest with functionally affected hemodynamic parameters (central venous pressure), because of centrally placed a/v fistula. Case II--a 46-year-old woman with severe drug disease and extremely critical hypotonic hyperhydration and anasarca, treated also with ultrafiltration, enhanced sodium influx and intensive application of diuretics; for 24 hours a negative fluid balance was achieved (71191 ml) until finally a relative fluid-electrolyte equilibrium was reached.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Aerosol deposit sample in aspecific bronchial provocation test: a nuclear medicine study for quantification].

A method of standardization of inhalation bronchial provocation tests is induced. The distribution of radioactivity of in- and exhaled 99mTc human albumin (Venticoll) enables an exact calculation of intrabronchial aerosol deposition. The investigations were carried out at twelve normal test persons by using the device of bronchial provocation tests of PARI. Linearity exists between nebulized aerosol quantity in the bag and bronchial aerosol deposition. The intrabronchial aerosol deposition is calculated about 100 mg after emptying the ten liter-bag. Slowly inspiratory maneuvers of vital capacity produce a precision of the inhaled aerosol of about 15 percent.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1990

[A method for the quantitative evaluation of the probability of ischemic heart disease in epidemiological research on workers exposed to harmful effects].

A method for quantitative evaluation of the probability for ischaemic disease of the heart in epidemiological studies is recommended and the state of risk is determined by riskogram, including 3 parts: 1. Assessment of the electrocardiographic changes after Minnesota code. 2. Integral quantitative interpretation of ECG-changes with the data from the Rose test. 3. Classified quantitative assessment of the probability for ischaemic disease of the heart. The quantitative interpretation of the probability for ischaemic disease of the heart allows the use of various statistical methods, mathematical models and computer processing of data, received at the epidemiological studies. By tracing the dependences "dose-effect" and "dose-response" the maximum admissible duration of the length of service could be predicted in specific conditions of professional exposure, in order to prevent injury of the cardiovascular system from harmful industrial factors.

Bulgaria↗
PubMed1990

[The therapeutic effect of somofilin in bronchial asthma patients].

The sustained release theophylline drug Somophylline in capsules was applied in 21 asthmatic patients (12 women and 9 men), mean age 44.5 years in the course of 14 days in hospital conditions. The dose of the drug was 9-10 mg/kg body mass (24 h given in two equal doses in 12 h intervals). The effect was favourable in 17 patients (80.95%), weak--in 2 patients (9.52%) and no effect in 2 patients (9.52%). Somophylline is very well tolerated. The blood level remains in the therapeutic ranges during the treatment (about 10 micrograms/ml).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The use of the preparation defedrin in the therapy of bronchial asthma patients].

The therapeutic efficacy of the Soviet drug Dephedrin was tried in patients with mild and moderate form of bronchial asthma. The drug was administered in a dose of 0.03 g 3 times daily for a period of 15 days. Out of 10 patients with mild form of bronchial asthma in patients the effect was very good, in 5 patients it was good and in patient it was poor. Out of 10 patients with moderate form of bronchial asthma in 3 patients the effect was very good, in 3 patients it was good and in 4 patients--poor. The ventilation indices improved but without reacting statistical significance. The conclusion is that Dephedrin is suitable for the mild form of bronchial asthma.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

[The possible effect of a ketotifen preparation on beta-receptor blockade].

Parallel clinico-pharmacological studies were carried out of ketotifen action in patients with atopic bronchial asthma and in an experimental model of beta-adrenergic blockade in guinea pigs. The results revealed that ketotifen acts on the beta-adrenergic blockade in the patients with atopic bronchial asthma and in the experimental model in guinea pigs. The ketotifen action on beta-adrenergic blockade resembles that of glucocorticosteroids in efficiency.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

[Use of the cholinolytic preparation Atrovent in high doses at short intervals in patients with chronic bronchial obstruction].

The bronchodilating efficacy of two doses of Atrovent are studied: the first dose is of 60 mg applied by inhaling once only; the second dose is of 240 mg applied also by inhaling but in divided 4 single doses of 60 mg taken at one hour intervals. 14 asthmatic patients were examined--7 patients with atopic bronchial asthma and 7 patients with non-atopic form of the disease. To all patients the 240 mg dose of Atrovent was given. To 10 of the patients the single 60 mg dose of Atrovent was given at the same conditions but in another day. The larger dose exerts a better and more prolonged bronchodilating action. An optimal dose of 180 mg of Atrovent given by inhalation in divided doses of 60 mg at one hour intervals is recommended. The last 60 mg Atrovent of the 240 mg dose used in the experiment do not improve the immediate bronchodilation which is probably due to a blockade of the receptors by the drug.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

[The importance of determining the cough reflex threshold in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract diseases].

The cough reflex was studied in 91 patients classified into two groups: 54 patients with somatic pulmonary disease and marked bronchial hyperreactivity and 37 patients without bronchial hyperreactivity, some of the threatened with bronchial asthma, others with neurotic functional disorders only. The study shows that the stimulated cough reflex could be objectified in the patients, in the patients threatened with bronchial asthma and in some patients with functional disorders linked with neurosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in the biochemical indices of workers exposed to vinyl chloride and dichloroethane].

Complex laboratory investigations were carried out to 280 workers from a plant, exposed to vinylchloride and dichlorethane. Some hematological indices were followed up (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) and liver function (GGTP, GOT, GPT, AP, OCP and blood glutathione). Again GGTP and blood platelets significance was confirmed as a diagnostic sign of VCh disease. The inhibitory effect of VCh upon the OCP in the workers exposed is confirmed for the first time. OCP is proposed to be included in Instruction 099. A new case of VCh disease was diagnosed, where the combined effect of VCh and dichlorethane is admitted.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1984

[Morphological and biochemical changes in the connective tissue in chronic chloroacetophone poisoning].

The qualitative and quantitative characteristic of the connective tissue of aorta of albino rats was followed up, the rats having been treated with phosphororganic pesticide chloracetophon in doses I/20 and I/100 LD50 for six months. With the effect of the lower dose, disturbances were observed, affecting mainly the components of the main intercellular substance--glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans. The higher dose leads to disturbances in the quality and quantity of the fibrous structures--elastin and collagen on the background of changed ratio sulphated GAG/non-sulphated GAG. The changes observed are an evidence for an accelerated ageing of the vascular aortic wall under the effect of chloracetophon and should be given consideration for its hygienic standardization.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of mixed function oxidases for evaluation of the harmful effects of chemicals on exposed persons].

The significance of the mixed function oxidases (MFO) for hygienic toxicology is determined by the exceptional role of that enzyme system in the biotransformation of xenobiotics. On the other hand, the changes in MFO activity are some of the basic mechanisms in organism adaptation to repeated toxic exposures. An original method is elaborated for the assessment of MFO activity, used in the examinations of workers, exposed to carbon sulphide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organic solvents, vinylchloride and styrene. Representative groups from the population, that live in a region with strongly polluted atmospheric air were studied. The results obtained reveal that the alterations in MFO activity are an early manifestation of compensatory strain of adaptive mechanisms of organisms and could be used in the diagnosis of premorbid states with chemical etiology, in checking the conformity of MAC in force, for the purposes of vocational selection, etc. The method is easy to perform and could be used for the purposes of therapeutic-diagnostic activity in some other medical specialties: gastroenterology, infectious diseases, etc.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗