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Biomedical subjects

T Sakuma

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakuma.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Correlation between slopes of pulmonary blood flow-driving pressure curve and routine pulmonary function].

In 91 preoperative cases of lung cancer, an attempt was made to correlate the slopes of pulmonary blood flow-driving pressure curve (delta DP/delta CI), as constructed from unilateral pulmonary arterial occlusion (UPAO) test values and pulmonary blood flow fraction values as measured by scintigraphy, with total pulmonary vascular resistance index (TPVRI) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) and routine pulmonary function. FVC and FEV per unit body surface (BSA) were found to correlate, to same degree, with delta DP/delta CI, TPVRI and PVRI (p less than 0.05). delta DP/delta CI correlated significantly with FRC/BSA, whereas TPVRI and PVRI did not. 3) The inverse of the cardiac index (1/cardiac index) was shown to significantly correlate with TPVRI and PVRI (r = 0.64, 0.48), but poorly with delta DP/delta CI (r = 0.32). These results suggest that delta DP/delta CI might possibly provide a more useful quantitative index for the pulmonary vascular bed than TPVRI and PVRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome remarkably improved by gastric restriction surgery].

A 23-year-man with morbid obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was admitted. He was 170 cm in height and 170 kg in weight. He underwent dietary treatment several times, but his weight returned to its original level, or even higher, within a short period. A diagnosis of OSAS was made by nocturnal polysomnography. In this morbidly obese patient with OSAS a nocturnal sleep apnea study was performed before and after weight reduction surgery (gastric restriction). The postoperative findings revealed a dramatic body weight reduction. At the same time, the results of apnea and oxygen desaturation were remarkably improved too. These results indicate that weight reduction surgery is a definitely effective treatment for morbid obesity associated with OSAS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of stress Tl-201 myocardial SPECT images in patients with coronary artery lesion of just proximal portion of left anterior descending artery or high lateral branch].

Noninvasive detection of coronary artery lesion of just proximal portion of left anterior descending artery (LAD) is important because of its high morbidity. It is angiographically difficult to distinguish LAD and high lateral branch (HL). Utility of stress Tl-201 myocardial SPECT images for this purpose characteristics of ischemic region induced by coronary artery lesion of just proximal portion of LAD or HL were studied in 15 patients with localized stenosis more than 75% at just proximal portion of LAD and 5 patients with localized stenosis more than 75% at HL. Width of ischemic region at basal plane of SPECT images was determined by circumferential maximum count profile analysis of stress Tl-201 myocardial images. Width of ischemic region induced by coronary artery lesion of just proximal portion of LAD was 168 +/- 34 degrees. Right margin of ischemic region was 20 +/- 6 degrees and in 10 of 15 patients right margin lay between 20 degrees and 60 degrees. Left margin was -146 +/- 40 degrees and 7 patients with left margin more than -150 degrees showed left dominant coronary artery. Width of ischemic region induced by coronary lesion of HL was 64 +/- 10 degrees. Right margin of ischemic region was 78 +/- 10 degrees and left margin was 14 +/- 10 degrees. These results showed the possibility of detecting coronary artery lesion of just proximal portion of LAD and lesion of HL by stress Tl-201 myocardial SPECT images.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Study of sympathetic nervous function under effort induced ischemia in patients with angina pectoris with I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial SPECT images].

I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is a norepinephrine analog, which can be used to study the sympathetic nervous function of the heart. With MIBG myocardial SPECT images sympathetic nervous function under effort induced ischemia were studied in 18 patients with significant coronary artery lesions. In 5 patients with effort induced ischemic region in stress T1-201 myocardial images rest MIBG images were collected and then exercise stress test was performed. Patients continued exercising for 3 minutes after onset of symptom. Post-stress MIBG images were collected. Definite ischemic region was noted in stress Tl-201 myocardial images, however no differences were noted between rest and post-stress MIBG images. These results suggested that exercise induced ischemia did not enhance release of uptaken MIBG. In 13 patients with significant coronary artery lesions symptom-limited exercise stress test was performed MIBG and Tl-201 were simultaneously injected at onset of symptom and patients continued exercising for an additional one minute. In 6 cases (46%, 6/13) MIBG defects with Tl-201 uptake were noted. These results showed that exercise induced ischemia depressed net MIBG uptake and that sympathetic nervous function (MIBG images) may be more sensitive to ischemic damage than muscle (Tl-201 images). It is suggested that exercise induced ischemia depressed reuptake of norepinephrine at sympathetic nervous endings. MIBG myocardial SPECT images may be useful for evaluating sympathetic nervous function under ischemia.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1989

Effect of nicorandil on coronary spasm.

In patients in whom dynamic coronary obstruction plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of angina pectoris, dilatation of large coronary arteries and relief of coronary spasm account for the main mechanism of action of antianginal drugs. In this study, the acute vasodilating effects of nicorandil, a newly developed antianginal drug, were assessed in 10 patients who had spontaneous and ergonovine-evoked coronary spasms. The prompt, complete relief of both spontaneous and evoked coronary spasms was obtained in all of 10 patients with nicorandil. The coronary spasmolytic effect of nicorandil in the present series is thus considered to be beneficial to the treatment of coronary spasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The use of three-phase bone imaging in vascularized fibular and iliac bone grafts.

Three-phase bone imaging was undertaken to monitor the viability of vascularized bone grafts after surgery. Eleven vascularized fibular grafts and six vascularized iliac grafts were reviewed. The study evaluated patients over multiple time intervals from 1 week to 6-8 weeks postoperatively. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 60 months. In most of the patients who achieved a successful clinical outcome, the study was positive; blood perfusion and blood pool radioactivity at sites of bone grafts were higher than those at recipient sites two weeks postoperatively and became equal to surrounding tissue thereafter. The grafted bone uptake of radiophosphate was constantly positive in these cases. Conversely, the study was negative in three cases of postoperative vascular complications. Serial three-phase bone imaging is a useful tool to monitor the viability and early complications of vascularized bone grafts after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Collapse and reexpansion of lungs increase microvascular permeability in sheep.

The pathogenesis of reexpansion pulmonary edema has not been well studied. We tested the hypothesis that both long term collapse and subsequent reexpansion of the lungs cause reexpansion pulmonary edema by increasing pulmonary microvascular permeability. We investigated lymph dynamics in 15 experiments on collapsed lung and 10 experiments after lung reexpansion in 14 unanesthetized sheep with chronic lymph fistulas. We found that 24-hr left lung collapse increased lymph flow through the caudal mediastinal lymph node from the baseline of 1.71 +/- 0.97 (mean +/- S.D.) g/15 min to 2.01 +/- 0.99 g/15 min, although 2-hr collapse did not affect lymph flow. The L/P ratio did not fall below baseline in either experiment. Pulmonary arterial pressure increased by only about 6 cmH2O both in 2-hr and 24-hr collapse. Reexpansion after 24-hr lung collapse also increased lymph flow from the baseline of 1.64 +/- 0.52 g/15 min to 3.20 +/- 0.79 g/15 min during the first 2 hr after reexpansion. The lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio did not fall below the baseline. Reexpansion after 2-hr collapse did not affect these variables. We conclude that both long term lung collapse and subsequent reexpansion lead to reexpansion pulmonary edema by increasing pulmonary microvascular permeability.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Identification of benzoylcarnitine in the urine of a patient of hyperammonemia.

Benzoylcarnitine was identified in the urine of a patient with a carbamoyl-phosphate synthase I deficiency for whom sodium benzoate and L-carnitine had been used to treat hyperammonemia. This is a newly identified metabolite of benzoate. Its excretion in the urine was increased day by day at the administration of both sodium benzoate and L-carnitine from 0.10 to 2.25 mmol/g creatinine. Since there is the possibility of a secondary carnitine deficiency and an increase of benzoyl toxicity after long-term therapy with benzoate supplementation and protein restriction, it is important to monitor the urinary excretion of benzoylcarnitine.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1989

[Casting of pure titanium and high fusing dental alloys by experimental casting machine. 7. Casting procedure for pure titanium denture frame].

The pure titanium cast frameworks were made using an arc-melting pressure and vacuum casting apparatus invented by Sato, and an experimental investment material. The salient features of the method and the cast frameworks were as follows: 1. The casting apparatus used was capable of making both complete and partial denture frameworks with pure titanium. It reduced casting errors and the interaction between titanium and the casting mold, producing less porous casted frameworks with a smooth surface. 2. The experimental investment material made a firm heat-resistant investment model with a smooth surface. It showed appropriate expansion and also excellent strength at room temperature after the burn out of the wax pattern. 3. The titanium casted frameworks fitted to the model and the oral cavity closely, and yielded satisfactory clinical results in more than 15 patients.

Dental Casting Investment↗
PubMed1989

[Galactosyltransferase isozyme II (GT-II) as a new tumor marker for ovarian cancers--especially for clear cell carcinoma].

Serum levels of galactosyltransferase (GT) and its isozyme (GT-II), which transfers galactose from UDP-galactose to N-acetylglucosamine etc., in gynecologic malignancies, were assayed. GT activity was assayed with UDP-[3H] galactose and ovalbumin as substrate, and GT-II was assayed by selectively removing GT-II from serum by immunoabsorption with immobilized monoclonal antibody 3872, followed by assay of bound GT activity. GT was not specific for cancer, but GT-II was positive in 74% of the ovarian cancer patients, and remarkably high serum levels were observed in mesonephroid cancers, indicating its possible usefulness as a new tumor marker. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that GT-II was localized on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm, suggesting its production by tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Respiratory regulations of pulmonary vagal nerves under hypercapnic conditions; effects of J-receptor].

We studied ventilatory responses under hypercapnic condition in 9 lightly anesthetized dogs, using a vagal nerve cooling technique. One side of the cervical vagosympathetic trunks of dogs were previously severed, and a copper cooler was attached to the other side. When the cervical nerve was cooled below 7 degrees C, the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex ceased. We found that when the vagal nerve was not cooled or cooled to 7 degrees C, the respiratory frequency increased significantly in relation to hypercapnic gas inhalation. However, the increment of respiratory frequency was reduced by bilateral cervical vagotomy. We concluded that the J-receptor is responsible for the increase in respiratory frequency under hypercapnic gas inhalation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Indications for home oxygen therapy in cases of sleep oxygen desaturation].

Home oxygen therapy is now considered indicated in cases of severe sleep oxygen desaturation. To explore whether we could choose cases with severe sleep desaturation by measurement of waking physiological parameters, we examined the relationship between arterial blood gases, lung functions and pulmonary artery pressure while awake and the degree of sleep oxygen desaturation in 21 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 22 cases with a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis. There were significant correlations between waking PaO2, PaCO2 and pulmonary artery mean pressure and sleep lowest SaO2, respectively, whereas no significant relation was found between %VC or FEV1.0% and sleep lowest SaO2. However, we found wide ranges of PaO2 and PaCO2 in cases who had 10 min or more with SaO2 below 85% during sleep. This was also true in the patients who underwent 60 min or more with SaO2 below 85% while a sleep. These results suggest that it may be difficult to find out the indications for cases with severe sleep desaturation by evaluation of arterial blood gases while awake.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Induction of pulmonary edema in rat with pulmonary artery air embolization and inhibitory effects of dilazep hydrochloride].

Inducing pulmonary edema in rat, air bubbles the diameter of which was about 0.3 mm were continuously infused into the right atrium through a catheter at the rate of 2.8 ml/kg/hr during 0.5, 1 and 2 hours, under controlled ventilation (tidal volume of 9 ml/kg and respiratory rate of 80/min) with 1% halothane in room air. Saline or Dilazep hydrochloride solution was simultaneously infused into the right atrium via another catheter. Pulmonary edema was evaluated by the measurement of the ratio of extravascular water weight of lung (g) to blood-free dry lung weight (g) (EVWW) using the gravimetric method and with histologic studies using the rapid freezing method. In control rats, which were sacrificed immediately after induction of anesthesia, the EVWW was 3.114 +/- 0.121 g/g blood-free dry lung (mean +/- 1 S.D. n = 8). In baseline experiments (2 hours ventilation and saline infusion without air embolization), the EVWW was 3.291 +/- 0.081 (n = 4). In air embolization groups with 2 hours saline infusion, EVWW were 3.756 +/- 0.170 (n = 4), 3.722 +/- 0.170 (n = 4) and 3.731 +/- 0.245 (n = 5) in 0.5, 1 and 2 hours infusion groups, respectively. Regardless of emboli infusion time perivascular cuffs and peribronchial cuffs were revealed in the 2 hour saline infusion groups. In the experiment in which the animals were sacrificed immediately after one hour infusion of air bubbles, there was no evidence of pulmonary edema and the EVWW of 3.060 +/- 0.092 (n = 4) in this group control and baseline were not significantly different.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Prediction of the degree of nocturnal oxygen desaturation in sleep apnea syndrome by estimating the testosterone level].

We studied the influence of hypoxia due to sleep apnea on testosterone (T) secretion. It was conducted on the basis of an idea that sustained hypoxia may depress T secretion. The subjects consisted of 15 male patients with no drug administration whose complaints were snoring and/or obesity. The subjects participated in a sleep study on two consecutive nights. During the first night we collected blood samples starting every 4 hours from 10 PM via a catheter and measured T. From the data of the second night, we calculated total desaturation time with more than 4% from the baseline SaO2. According to the amount of this desaturation time, the subjects were divided into 2 groups; desaturation time less than 80 min in group 1 and longer in group 2, respectively. The peak value was seen at 6 AM in group 1 and at 10 AM in group 2. We investigated the correlation between the ratio of T10/T6, which is the ratio of T level at 10 AM to that at 6 AM, and parameters of sleep disorders related to oxygen desaturation. Total 4% desaturation time in total sleep period and non REM period significantly correlated with this ratio. From the diagram illustrating the correlation between the ratio and total 4% desaturation time in total sleep period, we could assume that if the ratio is beyond 1, the subject may have had more than about 80 min of total 4% desaturation time.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary hemodynamics during mild exercise in COPD].

The effects of mild exercise on pulmonary hemodynamics and ventilatory responses in COPD were studied. Six patients with FEV1% less than 70% received 20 watt exercise tests by cycle ergometers for 5 minutes. Changes in hemodynamics and ventilation were observed before and during exercise. Nine patients with an FEV1% of more than 70% also received exercise tests as controls. There were no different in changes in respiratory frequency, tidal volume and minute ventilation between control and COPD group. However, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure were higher in the COPD group than in the control group before exercise. Moreover increments of mean pulmonary arterial pressure by exercise were also greater in COPD group. It was concluded that hemodynamics in COPD are much more influenced by mild exercise than in healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of leiomyoma of urinary bladder with relapse from the external urethral orifice--clinical analysis of leiomyoma of urinary bladder in Japan].

A 22-year-old female visited our hospital with complaints of pollakisuria and dysuria on July 3, 1987. Cystoscopy revealed a tumorous lesion in the urinary bladder. On July 8, 1987, she had urinary retention because of relapse of the tumor from the external urethral orifice. Under the diagnosis of urinary bladder tumor, tumorectomy was performed. The resected tumor had a steel, smooth surface, was elastic soft, red-purple and 7 g in weight. Pathological examination demonstrated the tumor to be composed of spindle-like cells, which showed no mitotic figures. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as leiomyoma of urinary bladder. In the literature, 67 cases of leiomyoma of the urinary bladder have been reported so far in Japan. The patients ages ranged from the 2nd to 8th decade, the peak age being the 4th decade. The sex ratio was 5 to 2, females being predominant. Chief complaints were hematuria, pollakisuria and dysuria, but prolapse of the tumor from the external urethral orifice was rare, only 3 cases including our case being reported thus far. Tumorectomy (34 cases, 27%) or partial cystectomy (16 cases, 27%) was performed in many cases, because it was benign. The prognosis was good, and there have been no reports stating that it become malignant.

Adult↗