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Biomedical subjects

T Shiga

Publications and source records attributed to T Shiga.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with extensive asynergy of the left ventricular wall: a case report].

This is a report of a case of the hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with extensive asynergy of the left ventricular wall. This 41-year-old man's hospital admission in March, 1982 was for congestive heart failure, with marked eosinophilia (34%). Slight depression of the ST segments and flatness of the T waves were observed in electrocardiographic leads I, II, III, a VF, and V 5-6. Digitalis and diuretics were ineffective, but supplementary prednisone therapy resulted in a decrease in eosinophilia and improvement of congestive heart failure. He was transferred to our hospital for further examination in May, 1982. There were no signs of congestive heart failure, but a third heart sound was detected on admission. Marked ST segment depression and inverted T waves were observed in the left precordial leads. Echocardiography cardiography showed extensive asynergy of the left ventricular wall, and progressive enlargement of the left atrium and left ventricle. High density area near the apex of the left ventricle suggested the presence of mural thrombi. A left endocardial biopsy showed organized thrombi sparsely invaded by eosinophils. There were no signs nor symptoms of peripheral emboli. Tapering of the dose of prednisone was attempted twice, but each time eosinophilia resulted. The patient is now free of symptoms, and is being maintained on 25 mg of prednisone daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Early detection of esophageal cancers, with special reference to the intraepithelial stage].

Panendoscopic examination, performed in 4,130 healthy males older than 50 years, detected 9 esophageal cancers (0.22%). Of these, 6 were classified as early esophageal cancer, and 3 of these 6 had intraepithelial cancers. In efforts to detect early esophageal cancers, especially at the intraepithelial cancer stage, panendoscopic examination seems to be highly useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Alteration of rheological properties of human erythrocytes by crosslinking of membrane proteins.

The crosslinking of membrane proteins of human erythrocytes by diamide (diazene dicarboxylic acid bis(N,N-dimethylamide) ) was quantified by 4% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. The relation between the crosslinking of membrane proteins and erythrocyte functions (rheological and oxygen transporting) was quantitatively examined. (i) The crosslinking of membrane protein was induced by diamide, without changing the shape and the contents of intracellular organic phosphates (adenylates and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate). The intensity of spectrin 2 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis decreased proportionally to diamide concentration. The percentage decrease in spectrin 2 (using band 3 as an internal standard) was the most appropriate indicator for crosslinking ("% crosslinking'). (ii) The suspension viscosity of erythrocytes increased in proportion to the percentage of crosslinking, in the range of applied shear rates of 3.76-752 s-1. (iii) Erythrocyte deformability (measured by a high-shear rheoscope) was reduced by the crosslinking. The change was detectable even at 5% crosslinking. (iv) Rouleaux formation (measured by a television image analyzer combined with a low-shear rheoscope) was inhibited by the crosslinking. The inhibition was also sensitively detected at more than 5% crosslinking. (v) Hemoglobin in erythrocytes was chemically modified by higher dose of diamide (probably by the binding of diamide with sulfhydryl groups). Also the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin increased and the heme-heme interaction decreased. (vi) The reduction of the crosslinking of membrane proteins by dithiothreitol apparently reversed the intensity of spectrin bands in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the erythrocyte functions (the suspension viscosity and the deformability), though not completely.

Azo Compounds↗
PubMed1983

A Golgi study of Bergmann glial cells in developing rat cerebellum.

In order to examine the relationship between the Bergmann glial cells and the migrating granule cells, the postnatal development of the Bergmann glial cells in the rat cerebellum was analysed by a rapid Golgi method. In newborn rats where immature Purkinje cells occupied a rather thick zone (about 8 cells thick) between the thin molecular layer and the intermediate zone, immature Bergmann glial cells were recognized by the irregularly contoured somata situated within the deep part of the zone of Purkinje cells and by several perpendicular thin fibers (filiform fibers) which traversed the external granular layer (EGL) to terminate at the pial surface. After day 2 of the postnatal age (PD2), both somata and fibers of Bergmann glial cells showed gradual or fairly abrupt changes. The somata migrated upwards toward the molecular layer on PD2 and on PD4 were situated just beneath the Purkinje cells which had become arranged in a single layer. After PD6 the distance between the pial surface and the somata situated in the Purkinje cell layer and concomitantly the length of the Bergmann glial fibers, progressively increased in accordance with the thickening of the molecular layer. Between PD0 and PD8 the somata were irregularly contoured with short protoplasmic processes extending radially. After PD8 they gradually lost these short processes and became smooth. The Bergmann glial fibers were rather smooth with a few beady enlargements and tiny bud-like excrescences on their surface between PD0 and PD8. On PD12 the bushy expansions, characteristic of matured Bergmann glial fibers, suddenly increased in number on most fibers. After PD12 they continued to augment until PD25, when most fibers were entirely covered with the expansions. The number of fibers issuing from each Bergmann glial cell and entering the EGL increased postnatally reaching a peak on PD8, and then decreased gradually. These changes in the number of Bergmann glial fibers corresponded well with those in the number of external granule cells, suggesting the presence of developmental interactions between these two kinds of cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Spatial and temporal pattern of postnatal proliferation of Bergmann glial cells in rat cerebellum: an autoradiographic study.

In order to examine the relationship between the Bergmann glial cells and the migrating granule cells, the development of the Bergmann glial cells in the rat cerebellum was studied with 3H-thymidine autoradiography. 3H-thymidine was injected intraperitoneally into rats on two days successively between days 2 and 21 of the postnatal age (PD2 and PD21). All animals were sacrificed on PD25 and the vermis of the cerebellum was embedded in epoxy resin. Semithin sections were cut sagittally for autoradiography. The labeling index of the Bergmann glial cells in lobules I, II, III, IV, V, VIa, VIII, IX, and X reached the peak on PD6-7, and in lobules VIb and VII on PD8-9. Moreover, the lobules could be divided into three groups according to the day when cumulative labeling indices reached 50% of the total ones (LI50): The early-developing group (LI50; PD4.4-5.2) contained lobules I, II, III, IV, and V, the intermediate group (LI50; PD5.3-6.1) lobules VIa, VIII, IX, and X, and the late-developing group (LI50; PD6.6-7.8) lobules VIb and VII. The regional gradient of LI50 in the Bergmann glial cells corresponded approximately to the regional gradient in the ratio of late-forming granule cells; that is, the later the LI50 of the Bergmann glial cells, the higher is the ratio of the late-forming granule cells. This suggests that an intimate relationship exists between these two kinds of cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Spatial and temporal pattern of postnatal proliferation of glial cells in the parietal cortex of the rat.

Rats were injected with [3H]thymidine on different postnatal days (PD 0 approximately PD 16) and sacrificed after 6 h. Parietal cortices were embedded in epoxy resin and then semithin sections for autoradiography and ultrathin ones for electron microscopy were made alternately. On the day of birth (PD 0), about 70% of total labeled cells within the cortical gray, which were proved to be glial cells, were observed in the inner half of the cortical width. On PD 4, however, the intracortical distribution of labeled cells was reversed, i.e. about 70% of labeled cells were found in the outer half. Thereafter, on PD 6 and PD 8, no significant difference of the number of the labeled cells could be noted between the outer and the inner halves of the cortical gray. The pattern of glial proliferation in the parietal cortex of early postnatal rat thus showed an inside-out tendency, although not so distinctive as that of prenatal neurogenesis in the neocortex. Electron microscopy of the labeled cells revealed that on earliest days, they showed the condensation of nuclear chromatin and abundant free ribosomes, both suggesting the immaturity of cells, while, on later days, the nuclear chromatin became dispersed and free ribosomes decreased, indicating the progress of cellular differentiation as glial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The influence of deformation of transformed erythrocytes during flow on the rate of oxygen release.

The deoxygenation rates of transformed erythrocytes were compared with those of normal discocytes by both stopped-flow and continuous-flow methods. Echinocytic and spherostomatocytic transformations were induced by various anionic and cationic drugs, respectively, without altering the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin, the cell volume or the membrane fluidity. The echinocytic transformation reduced the deoxygenation rate at slow-flow velocities (50 cm/sec), as detected by the continuous-flow method. However, at higher flow velocities (150 cm/sec) the rate was similar to that seen in normal discocytes. A close correlation between the degree of echinocytosis, the retardation of deoxygenation rate and the increase of suspension viscosity were observed. Microscopic observation of flowing erythrocytes revealed that the echinocytes scarcely deformed at the slower flow velocity, but clearly deformed at the higher flow velocity to various shapes resembling the flowing discocytes. Transformation to spherostomatocytes had no effect on the deoxygenation rate, which was comparable with that of the discocytes, and even the higher flow force did not induce any deformation. The retarded deoxygenation and the increased viscosity of echinocytes was probably due to an augmented stagnant layer around the cells (i.e. an increase of the hydrodynamic effective volume); this layer was reduced when the echinocytes were deformed with increasing flow force.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1983

Kinetics of rouleaux formation using TV image analyzer. I. Human erythrocytes.

An apparatus for determining the velocity of erythrocyte rouleaux formation was constructed, combining an inverted microscope, a transparent cone-plate viscometer, a TV image analyzer, and a computer. At lower shear rates, the overall process is the sedimentation and the rouleaux formation followed by the development of three-dimensional aggregates. The individual erythrocyte could be observed and the process was expressed by the time courses of the changes in the count and area of particles; taking the computed increment in the area/count, the rate of rouleaux formation could be estimated. The effects of shear rates, hematocrits, plasma proteins, and pH were quantified. The rate of rouleaux formation in autologous plasma increased by (1) lowering the shear rates (1.9 less than or equal to gamma less than or equal to 15 s-1),2) increasing the hematocrit (up to 0.6%), 3) adding human fibrinogen (up to 600 mg/dl) or gamma-globulin, and 4) increasing pH. The transformation to echinocytes or to stomatocytes decreased the rate of rouleaux formation. The pH effect was explained by the increase in mean corpuscular volume at lower pH rather than by the changes in the electrostatic repulsion or in the protein binding.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1983

Kinetics of rouleaux formation using TV image analyzer. II. Rat erythrocytes.

With the use of a rheoscope combined with a TV image analyzer, the kinetics of specific pathogen-free rat erythrocyte aggregation was studied. Under certain conditions (gamma 7.5 s-1, hematocrit 0.36%, in own plasma, at 25 degrees C) one-dimensional aggregates (rouleaux) were formed without the development of three-dimensional aggregates, perhaps because of very low concentration of gamma-globulin. The observed phenomena could be explained by 1) the erythrocyte sedimentation and 2) the rouleaux formation. The time courses, of the biphasic change in erythrocyte count and of the increments in total area and in the area/count, were successfully simulated by a kinetic model of linear polymerization, assuming a sedimentation rate constant and an association rate constant. Further, a Poissonlike distribution of the length of rouleaux was shown, as predicted theoretically on the basis of the same kinetic model.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Protective effect of alpha-tocopherol on the morphological and rheological changes of rat red cells.

The effect of alpha-tocopherol on the rheological properties of rat red cells was studied. The suspension viscosity of red cells increased, as the alpha-tocopherol content in red cells decreased. The red cells gradually transformed to echinocytes in isotonic solution dependent on the alpha-tocopherol content. The unique correlations among the viscosity, the transformation, and alpha-tocopherol content were observed. It was shown that the increased suspension viscosity of alpha-tocopherol-deficient cells could have arisen from the difficulty of echinocytes to undergo high shear deformation. The possible mechanism is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of immunoglobulins and IgG-fragments on the human erythrocyte aggregation, studied by a rheoscope combined with image analyzer.

Using a rheoscope, combined with a TV image analyzer and a computer, the effects of immunoglobulins and IgG-fragments on the process of human erythrocyte aggregation were determined. The immunoglobulins accelerated the aggregation; the effect increased with their molecular weight, i.e., IgG congruent to gamma-globulin less than IgA less than IgM. An empirical relationship, expressing the dependence on the immunoglobulin concentrations, was proposed. F(ab')2-fragment accelerated the aggregation, more effectively than IgG, while Fab- and Fc-fragments did not. Therefore, two Fab-portions are presumably needed to form the aggregates, and the flexibility between two Fab-portions may be important. A case of multiple myeloma showed an increased aggregation, due to the increased myeloma protein.

Erythrocyte Aggregation↗
PubMed1983

Resection of thorotrast-induced cholangiocarcinoma.

We report a case of successful surgical treatment of cholangiocarcinoma caused by a long standing thorotrastosis. Thorotrastosis should be recognized as a preliminary stage of malignancy. If early diagnosis of the tumor can be made, treatment may be successful.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1982

Functional impairments of human red cells, induced by dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

A study has been made on the incorporation of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS), one of the most abundant adrenal C-19 steroids, into human red cells, and of the resulting effects on red cell functions. 1. DHAS was incorporated into red cell membrane mainly by a partition mechanism: The apparent partition constant was small ([DHAS]cell/[DHAS]free = 1.34), indicating that DHAS in red cells would be easily removed by dilution. 2. At least part of the DHAS taken up was apparently bound to band 3 protein and thereby was able to inhibit the exchange of intracellular and extracellular SO4(2-) (Ki = 70 micro M). 3. Using a fatty acid spin label, it was established that the presence of DHAS in lipid bilayer of the membrane increased the acyl chain motion in the middle portion of the membrane. 4. DHAS induced echinocytosis of red cells. It is suggested that the increase in the viscosity of red cell suspension, the decreased deformability and the decrease in the deoxygenation rate of hemoglobin in the presence of DHAS probably reflect the presence of echinocytes. 5. In the presence of plasma proteins, the incorporation of DHAs into red cells was remarkably suppressed.

Blood Viscosity↗