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Biomedical subjects

T Sveger

Publications and source records attributed to T Sveger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Identifying children at high somatic risk: possible long-term effects on the parents' views of their own health and current life situation.

Neonatal identification of children at high somatic risk due to inherited alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) was hypothesized to have had negative long-term effects on the parents' views of their own health and current life situation. The parents of 61 children with ATD were followed-up and studied by interviews about 5 years after the child's ATD was identified, and compared with demographically similar parents of 61 control children without ATD. No negative effect was found on mothers' or fathers' views of their current life situation or the fathers' own health. As compared with controls, ATD-group mothers reported significantly poorer mental and physical health during the past year, which was interpreted as a consequence of the stress associated with the identification of the child's ATD.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1985

Identifying children at high somatic risk: possible long-term effects on the parents' attitudes toward themselves as parents and toward having more children.

Neonatal identification of children at high somatic risk due to inherited alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) was hypothesized to have had negative long-term effects on the parents' attitudes toward themselves as parents and toward having more children. The parents of 61 children with ATD were followed-up and studied by interviews about 5 years after the child's ATD was identified, and compared with demographically similar parents of 61 control children without ATD. No support was found for the hypothesized negative effects on these parental attitudes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Identifying children at high somatic risk: parents' long-term emotional adjustment to their children's alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency.

The parents of 61 children at high somatic risk due to alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) were followed-up 5-7 years after the identification of the ATD and studied regarding their long-term emotional adjustment to the child's ATD. This was assessed both by a physician who interviewed the parents in their home and independently by a psychologist who systematically scored selected parts of the interview transcripts for specified variables. Notable agreement was found in the separate assessments performed by these two researchers. At follow-up, 58% of the mothers and 44% of the fathers had predominantly negative feelings (worry, guilt) about the child's ATD. About half of the mothers and a third of the fathers were judged to have poor long-term emotional adjustment. Considerable continuity was found in mothers' feelings across the 5-7 years since identification of the ATD.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Identifying children at high somatic risk: possible effects on the parents' views of the child's health and parents' relationship to the pediatric health services.

Country-wide neonatal screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) was discontinued due to clinical observations of negative psychological effects on the parents. In a subsequent systematic study, hypotheses of long-term negative effects on the parents' views of the child's health and on the parents' relationship to the pediatric services were tested by comparing these characteristics in parents with a child with ATD versus control parents, studied through interviews in the home. The identification of the ATD was found to have had negatively influenced the parents' view of the child's general health, but no evidence was found of increased parental anxiety regarding the child's current health or emotional dependence on medical personnel, of increased (reported) usage of pediatric services, or of more negative attitudes toward the pediatric services.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Identifying children at high somatic risk: possible long-term effects on parental conceptualizations of the children's personality and behavior.

The identification of alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) in neonates was hypothesized to have negative long-term consequences on the parents' views of the children's personality characteristics. This hypothesis was tested by comparing 5-7-year-old children's personality and behavioral characteristics, as reported by parents of 61 children with ATD versus parents of 61 control children without ATD. Data were collected by both interviews in the home and temperament questionnaires. No evidence was found of the hypothesized negative effect on parental views.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A risk group's visits to medical services: five years' usage of well-baby and medical clinics by a group of children with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Visits to medical services during the first 5 years of life for 61 children with alpha 1ATD (but without liver disease) and 61 demographically similar control children without ATD were studied for frequency, diagnosis, severity of illness/complaint and extent of treatment. No significant differences were found between the ATD and control groups on any of these variables, suggesting no increased sickliness in the ATD-group and no evidence of increased parental anxiety about the child's health reflected in medical visits for little or no physical abnormality.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Psychological consequences of neonatal screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Parental reactions to the first news of their infants' deficiency.

Medical record information and retrospective parental reports at interview indicated that the 61 families were typically first contacted about the child's alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) during its first 6 months of life, when a physician called the mother on the telephone and told her at least something about the child's ATD. Most parents felt they had received unclear or inadequate information. A majority initially conceived of ATD as representing an imminent, serious danger to the child's health. Most of the mothers (78%) and many of the fathers (58%) reported having immediately had negative emotional reactions, most often worry, anxiety and fear. These reactions were often long-lasting and, in mothers, typically strong.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Psychological consequences of neonatal screening for alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (ATD). Parental attitudes toward "ATD-check-ups" and parental recommendations regarding future screening.

The parents of 61 children with ATD typically attended repeated doctor's appointments concerning the child's ATD during the first years of life. Many (30-40%) of the parents felt somewhat relieved about the ATD after the first appointment. Parental attitudes toward the appointments varied considerably within the sample, being related to the physician's reported knowledgeability-understandability regarding ATD and emotional supportiveness (toward mothers). Most parents were positive and few were negative toward the child's ATD having been identified at this age. Repeated blood tests for the child's liver function were experienced negatively by most parents. The parents' recommendations concerning screening and follow-up of ATD in children are presented.

Attitude↗
PubMed1985

Psychological factors in cost-benefit analysis of somatic prevention. A study of the psychological effects of neonatal screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Nation-wide neonatal screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) in Sweden was discontinued due to observations that identification of ATD in newborns seemed in some cases to have negative psychological effects on the parents and the parent-child relationship. A multifaceted study was developed to investigate systematically the psychological and psychosocial consequences of the identification of ATD in the neonatal period, as studied five to seven years after it took place. The study's basic goals, hypotheses, design, samples and methods are described.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1985

Plasma protease inhibitors in alpha 1-antitrypsin-deficient children.

Seven plasma protease inhibitors were analyzed in 8-yr-old children-75 PiZ (severely deficient), one PiZ-(with a null gene), 32 PiSZ (moderately deficient), and 35 normals. In PiZ and PiSZ alpha 1-antitrypsin-deficient children, significantly higher concentrations of alph 2-macroglobulin (p less than 0.001) and antithrombin III (p less than 0.001) were found and significantly lower concentrations of alpha 2-antiplasmin (p less than 0.001), C1-inactivator (p less than 0.01) and plasminogen (PiZ p less than 0.02, PiSZ p less than 0.01). The inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor concentrations differed in PiSZ children only (p less than 0.01). At this age the high alpha 2-macroglobulin levels may be of importance to protect the lung tissue against free proteolytic activity, while importance of the other differences are unknown or reflect changes of purely theoretical interest.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Determination and characterization of immunoreactive trypsin in amniotic fluid from normal and cystic fibrosis fetuses.

High concentrations of immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) in the blood, and low concentrations of trypsin activity in fecal specimens have been found in newborn infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). The amniotic fluid concentrations of IRT and of IRT in complex with alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) were studied in 39 samples taken in about the 17th gestational week, and in 7 samples taken because the mothers had previously given birth to children with CF. The midtrimester samples contained trypsin in complex with alpha 1AT in a concentration of 30-200 micrograms/liter, and small amounts of trypsinogen, 0-50 micrograms/liter. Three of four amniotic fluid samples from CF fetuses had very low concentrations of trypsin in complex with alpha 1AT (less than 10 micrograms/liter), and only small amounts of trypsinogen (less than 10 micrograms/liter). Further prospective studies are needed to ascertain whether the determination of IRT in amniotic fluid may be of use in prenatal diagnosis of CF.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1984

Typing of genetic variants of alpha 1-antitrypsin from dried blood.

The alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotype was determined from both plasma and dried blood in 35 children and adolescents who had or were suspected to have alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. A disc of paper with dried blood was eluted and analysed by flat bed electrofocusing on polyacrylamide gel. The gel was stained according to a silver-staining technique until the microheterogeneous bands appeared with adequate intensity. The alpha 1-antitrypsin patterns of plasma and dried blood were identical. The stability of the dried blood samples was 3 days at room temperature, up to 1 week at +4 degrees C, and up to 1 month at -20 degrees C. The alpha 1-antitrypsin screening method and the Pi-typing procedure described in this study may be combined in future screening studies using dried blood specimens obtained for the Guthrie test.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Apolipoprotein A-I and B levels in adolescents; a trial to define subjects at risk for coronary heart disease.

The normal levels of apolipoprotein A-I and B (apo A-I, apo B) were determined in 220 male and 340 female 16-19-year-old adolescents. In addition to these apolipoproteins, total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (total-C HDL-C) were analysed in an attempt to define subjects at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). The normal levels were for boys: apo A-I 0.96 +/- 0.13 g/l, apo B 0.64 +/- 0.14 g/l; for girls: apo A-I 1.04 +/- 0.18 g/l, apo B 0.65 +/- 0.14 g/l; for girls taking combined oral contraceptives: apo A-I 1.14 +/- 0.22 g/l, apo B 0.72 +/- 0.16 g/l. Subjects with the following high-risk profiles were selected for further follow-up: 1. Total-C and apo B greater than or equal to 95th percentile; 2. Total-C or apo B greater than or equal to 95th and HDL-C or apo A-I less than or equal to 5th percentile. Seven adolescents had the combination of high total-C and apo B. None had any of the other combinations. One girl had lipid, apolipoprotein levels and a family history indicating familial hypercholesterolemia (f.h.). Another two adolescents were suspected of having f.h. while one girl might have abnormal levels secondary to oral combined contraceptives. The study suggests that the analyses of apolipoproteins, especially apo B, are of value to trace adolescents at risk for future CHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Immunoreactive trypsin screening for cystic fibrosis.

Immunoreactive cationic trypsin (irCT) was measured in 22 cystic fibrosis (CF) and 132 control infants. IrCT was analysed with radioimmunoassay of dried blood samples collected for PKU screening around the 5th day of life and stored on filter paper. The mean +/- 1 SD level of irCT for the control infants was 42 +/- 19 micrograms/1. Sixteen of the 22 CF children had an irCT level above 100 micrograms/1 (mean + 3 SD) while 6 had a level at or below this cut-off limit. A specificity of 99%, which gives a sensitivity of 73%, and an approximative noise: signal ratio of 30:1, suggests that the irCT test may be unsatisfactory as a neonatal screening method for CF.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1981

Four-year-old children with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Clinical follow-up and parental attitudes towards neonatal screening.

Two hundred thousand infants born in Sweden between November 1972 and September 1974 were screened at birth for alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1 AT) deficiency. At age 4 years 172 of 183 children with alpha 1 AT deficiency were examined and compared with 80 randomly selected control children. The children with alpha 1 AT deficiency had the following Pi types: 118 PiZ, 50 PiSZ, 2 PiZ-, 1 PiS-, 1 PiFZ. Two PiZ children have severe liver cirrhosis and 1 PiZ boy had died of aplastic anemia. Abnormal levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (S-ALAT) were found in one PiSZ and 47 PiZ children. Upper and lower respiratory infections, otitis, eczema, urinary infections or complications of child diseases did not occur more often in children with alpha 1 AT deficiency than in controls. More parents of alpha 1 AT deficient children had stopped smoking and their fathers smoked significantly less. Forty parents of children with alpha AT deficiency PiZ answered a questionnaire concerning their reaction to, knowledge about and attitudes towards neonatal screening for alpha 1 AT deficiency. Many parents reported having reacted with lack of understanding, shock or depression upon learning that the child had alpha 1 AT deficiency. About 4 years later 44% reported still lack of understanding, and 18% depression or feelings of guilt. About two-thirds had not fully understood why alpha 1 AT deficiency had been identified, despite the fact that they had seen their doctor 3--4 times for check-ups and counselling since birth.

Alanine Transaminase↗