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Biomedical subjects

T Tabuchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Tabuchi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Diverticular disease of the colon at a regional general hospital in Japan.

PURPOSE: X-ray film registry records were reviewed to better understand the changing nature of diverticular disease (DD) of the colon in Japan. RESULTS: Among 6,849 patients undergoing barium enema examination during a eight-year period from 1985 to 1992, this condition was found in 1,074 patients (15.7 percent), including 702 males (65.4 percent) and 372 females (34.6 percent). During this eight-year period there was an increase in frequency from 10.7 percent in 1985 to 17.8 percent in 1992. The proportion of patients with right-sided, bilateral, and left-sided DD was 69.2 percent, 17.5 percent, and 13.3 percent, respectively. The right-sided DD was more common in the younger age group and was predominant in male patients, whereas the left-sided DD increased with age, especially in female patients. Of the 1,074 patients, 11 (1.0 percent) underwent surgery in the same period. Regarding the right-sided DD, only 2 of 743 patients received surgery (0.3 percent). On the other hand, of the 143 patients with left-sided DD, 9 patients (6.3 percent) received some form of surgery. CONCLUSION: Right-sided diverticular disease of the colon is still common in Japan. It does not appear that this tendency will change in the future. Nearly all patients diagnosed as having diverticula had either no symptoms or only mild symptoms, and only about 1 percent required surgery. Right-sided diverticular disease of the colon seems to have had no serious clinical problems compared with left-sided DD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Ventricular gradient variability. New ECG method for detection of ischemic heart disease.

The usefulness of ventricular gradient variability for detecting the presence of ischemic heart disease was evaluated in 38 patients with coronary artery disease (group 1), 21 patients with chest pain and no coronary artery disease (group 2), and 33 healthy control subjects. The ventricular gradient of each consecutive heartbeat at rest over a 22-second interval was calculated using a microcomputer. The SD and coefficient of variation for azimuth, elevation, and magnitude were used as indices of ventricular gradient variability. The SD and coefficient of variation of both the magnitude and elevation of ventricular gradient in group 1 were significantly greater than those of the other two groups (P < .01, respectively). When the normal upper limit was defined as 2SD above the mean value in the control group, a comparison between the findings for group 1 and group 2 revealed that the coefficient of variation of magnitude of the ventricular gradient was the most sensitive (82%) and specific (91%) index for coronary artery disease (chi-square test, P < .001). This study suggests that the variability in the magnitude of the ventricular gradient is a reliable index of ischemic heart disease.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1995

Short-term topical therapy of experimental tinea pedis in guinea pigs with lanoconazole, a new imidazole antimycotic agent.

The therapeutic efficacy of short-term treatment with a 1% cream of lanoconazole, a new imidazole antimycotic agent, in comparison with that of a 1% cream of terbinafine was evaluated in the guinea pig model of tinea pedis. Each agent was topically applied once a day for 3 or 7 consecutive days, starting on day 10 postinfection, and a culture study was conducted on day 5 after the last treatment with each agent. The 1% cream of lanoconazole was as highly effective as the 1% cream of terbinafine in terms of eradicating the fungi from the infected feet.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathway in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Eighty patients with manifest or concealed Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome underwent catheter ablation of 86 accessory pathways (AP) using radiofrequency current. There are 65 AP located on the left side and 21 on the right side of the heart. The atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia was previously documented in 77 patients and atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response in 21 patients. Ablation was attempted via a catheter positioned at the atrial aspect of the tricuspid annulus in patients with a right-sided AP and via a catheter positioned in the left ventricle directly below the mitral annulus in patients with a left-sided AP. AP conduction was permanently abolished in 82 of the 86 pathways (95%). The number of radiofrequency current applications for these 82 successfully ablated AP was 7.6 +/- 0.9. Of the 65 left-sided and 21 right-sided AP, 62 (95%) and 20 AP (95%) were successfully ablated, respectively. The current application to the right-sided AP was 16.7 +/- 2.2, which was greater than that to the left-sided one (4.7 +/- 0.6, p < 0.001). No serious complication was observed in any case. Catheter ablation of AP using radiofrequency current is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for patients with symptomatic WPW syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Therapeutic efficacy of lanoconazole ointment in guinea pig model of tinea corporis, a comparative study with ointment and cream preparations].

The therapeutic efficacy of ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole in a guinea pig model of tinea corporis was compared on the basis of degrees of improvement in local symptoms and negative culture rates. When infected animals were treated once daily with 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% lanoconazole ointments, significant improvement of the symptoms and mycological curative effects were observed as compared to those of non-treated control and vehicle-treated control groups of animals. Particularly, in animals treated with 0.5 or 1% lanoconazole ointment, no fungus was recovered from any infected loci. Comparing these results with those obtained with comparable concentrations of lanoconazole cream, no significant difference was found. These studies, therefore, suggested that ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole on topical application would show basically equivalent therapeutic efficacy in the tinea corporis model.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Vasodilator effect of carboxy-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl in the coronary circulation: in vivo and in vitro studies.

2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) derivatives, new radical forms of nitric oxide (NO) antagonists, are reported to react with NO and generate NO2 and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl (PTI) derivatives. We found that carboxy-PTI, a water-soluble derivative of PTI, showed a potent vasodilator effect in the canine coronary artery system. In anesthetized dogs, intracoronary infusion of carboxy-PTI significantly increased the coronary flow in a dose-dependent manner without altering systemic hemodynamic variables. This coronary flow increasing effect of carboxy-PTI was not influenced by pretreatment with either NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or 8-phenyltheophylline or autonomic blockade. However, the flow increasing effect of carboxy-PTI was abolished by reducing carboxy-PTI with ascorbic acid to a non-radical form of carboxy-PTI, indicating that carboxy-PTI shows its effect only in a radical form. In isolated canine coronary arterial rings, carboxy-PTI caused endothelium-independent relaxation. This relaxation response was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with methylene blue, an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase. Thus, carboxy-PTI has an endothelium-independent coronary vasodilator effect in both large conduit arteries and small resistance vessels. The results of the in vitro experiment suggested that the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase of the vascular smooth muscle cell may be involved, at least in part, in the vasodilator mechanism of carboxy-PTI in large conduit arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Anaphylactoid purpura: intestinal ultrasonographic findings].

We evaluated six children with anaphylactoid purpura for ultrasonographic changes in the small intestine. Of 16 ultrasonographic scans, eight showed abnormal findings, consisting of circumscribed hypo-echoic enlargement, reduced peristalsis, equivocal structure of the small intestinal wall and ascites in patients with abdominal pain. Follow-up ultrasonography after steroid therapy demonstrated the small intestine to be normal in four of six patients. We believe that ultrasonography is an useful diagnostic modality to detect changes in the small intestinal wall in anaphylactoid purpura and plays an important role in its differentiation from other causes of abdominal pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with right aortic arch associated with retroesophageal anomalous left subclavian artery].

A rare case of coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with right aortic arch was presented. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with angina pectoris. Coronary angiography revealed total obstruction of left anterior descending artery and jeopardized collateral from right coronary artery. Aortography disclosed right aortic arch associated with retroesophageal anomalous left subclavian artery. As the symptom of neither the vascular ring nor the subclavian steal syndrome was recognized, left internal thoracic artery along with the saphenous vein was used for bypass conduit. The patient is doing well without any troubles 7 months after the operation. Attention should be made to use left internal thoracic artery in a patient with right aortic arch.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic efficacy of lanoconazole ointment in guinea pig model of tinea pedis, in comparison with that of cream preparations].

The therapeutic efficacy of ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole in a guinea pig model of tinea pedis was compared. When infected animals were treated once daily with 0.25% and 0.5% lanoconazole ointments, 7 of 10 and 8 of 10 infected feet became culture-negative, respectively. In animals treated with 1% lanoconazole ointment, fungus was not recovered from any infected foot. Comparing these results with those of culture study in animals which were treated with comparable concentrations of lanoconazole cream, no significant differences were found. These studies, therefore, suggested that ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole on topical application in the tinea pedis model would show basically equivalent therapeutic efficacy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[Amounts of urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline and their half lives in a patient with acute poisoning].

The aim of this study was to elucidate the time courses of amounts of urinary p-chloroaniline (p-CA) metabolites during acute poisoning and to establish a suitable method for biological monitoring of exposure to p-CA. Urinary p-CA metabolites which were previously identified in a patient with acute p-CA poisoning were determined quantitatively over time during admission of a patient by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and by the colorimetric method of diazo-positive metabolites (DPM). The data of urinary excretion of each p-CA metabolite were fitted to two-compartment model of pharmacokinetics. Major urinary metabolites of p-CA were conjugated p-CA and conjugated 2-amino-5-chlorophenol (2-A-5-CP), and the detected amounts of 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA) and free p-CA were small. During the rapid phase for the disappearance of each metabolite, half lives of p-CA, 2-A-5-CP and 2,4-DCA were 2.4, 1.7 and 1.7 h, respectively, and during the slow phase, they were 4.5, 3.3 and 3.8 h, respectively. Urinary p-CA occupied about 62% of the total metabolites detected in the urine, 2-A-5-CP about 36%, and 2,4-DCA about 1%. 2-A-5-CP and p-CA were detected in the urine of the patient obtained on days 3 and 4, respectively, after the poisoning, but the amount of DPM after the second day of the poisoning was in the range of that of non-exposed persons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Excretion of p-chloroaniline metabolites into urine. Excretion of 2,4-dichloroaniline and p-chloroformanilide].

Previously, we identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline (p-CA) in a patient with acute p-CA poisoning. Among these metabolites there is a possibility that 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA) and p-chloroformanilide (p-CFA) are produced through some unknown metabolic pathways in human. In order to clarify whether 2,4-DCA and p-CFA were produced within the human body or not, an attempt was made to detect these metabolites in the patient's urine samples prepared by various pretreatments, using both GC/MS and high performance liquid chromatograph. In addition, the detection of these metabolites in non-exposed person's urine samples spiked with p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol was attempted by GC/MS using same the procedures in order to examine whether p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol excreted as metabolites were further changed to 2,4-DCA or p-CFA in the urine or not. 2,4-DCA was found abundantly in the ethereal extracts from the patient's urine samples hydrolyzed with hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids, but only small amounts from intact urine samples by GC/MS. No 2,4-DCA was detected in the urine samples to which were added p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol. p-CFA was found in the ethereal samples which were extracted at acidic conditions from the patient's urine samples by GC/MS at the injection port temperature of 250 degrees C of the gas chromatograph, but the p-CFA peak disappeared at the injection port temperature of 150 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1992

Identification of urinary metabolites of human subjects acutely poisoned by p-chloronitrobenzene.

1. Urinary metabolites from human subjects acutely poisoned with p-chloro-nitrobenzene (p-CNB) were identified by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 2. Eight substances, namely, a very large amount of N-acetyl-S-(4-nitrophenyl)-L-cysteine, relatively large quantities of p-chloroaniline, 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol and p-chloroformanilide produced by pyrolysis of a substance originating from p-CNB, small amounts of 2-amino-5-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichloroaniline, and traces of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide, were detected in urine samples. 3. All of the absorbed p-CNB was metabolized prior to excretion, as the parent compound was not found in urine. 4. N-Acetylated metabolites of p-chloroaniline and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, resulting from p-CNB by metabolism, were found in only one of eight individuals indicating that this pathway is weak or may be absent in some humans. 5. A scheme for the pattern of metabolic pathways of p-CNB is proposed, and chlorination was considered to be a possible novel metabolic pathway.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1991

Identification of urinary metabolites in rats treated with p-chloronitrobenzene.

Urinary metabolites in rats treated with p-chloronitrobenzene were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A single dose of 100 mg/kg body wt p-chloronitrobenzene was administered intraperitoneally to male Sprague-Dawley rats and urine samples were collected from the 8th to 24th hour after the administration. Urinary metabolites were extracted with diethylether at pH 1.0 and pH 10.0 from urine samples hydrolyzed with acid and base and from intact urine samples. Aliquots of the ethereal extracts were injected into a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Nine substances were identified: p-chloroaniline, 2,4-dichloroaniline, p-nitrothiophenol, 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol, 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, p-chloroformanilide, 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide, a small amount of p-chloroacetanilide and traces of unchanged p-chloronitrobenzene.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Identification of urinary metabolites in a patient of acute poisoning by p-chloroaniline].

In order to clarify urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline (p-CA), urine samples of a patient acutely poisoned with p-CA were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Urinary metabolites were extracted with diethylether at pH 1.0 and pH 10 from urine samples hydrolyzed with acid and base and from intact urine samples. Aliquots of the ethereal extracts were injected into the gas chromatography, and p-CA and its metabolites were identified by comparing their mass spectra and retention times to those of standards. Six substances identified were as follows: p-CA, 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichloroaniline, p-chloroformanilide and traces of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide. Since p-CA was mainly detected in the hydrolyzed urine samples, p-CA was considered to form conjugates in the urine. N-Acetylation reactions of p-CA were suggested to be weak in human, because extremely minute amounts of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide were detected in the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Coronary vasospastic activity at sites of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: evaluation using intracoronary acetylcholine administration].

To investigate coronary vasospastic activity after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we performed intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in 55 patients, mean 3.3 months after successful PTCA. Coronary spasm was defined as transient total or subtotal occlusion of the PTCA sites. Sixty-nine lesions of the 55 patients were examined to determine whether spasm was provoked by incremental doses of acetylcholine. Restenosis was defined as coronary luminal narrowing of > or = 50% after nitroglycerin or isosorbide dinitrate. Twenty of the 55 patients (36%) and 23 of the 69 lesions (33%) had coronary spasm. There was no correlation between the incidence of coronary spasm and the interval from PTCA to the acetylcholine test. The spasm was provoked in 17 lesions of the 50 non-restenotic lesions (34%) and was also provoked in 6 of the 19 restenotic lesions (32%). On the other hand, restenoses occurred in 6 of the 23 spastic lesions (26%) and in 13 of the 43 non-spastic lesions (28%). There was no correlation between the incidence of coronary spasm and the occurrence of restenoses. Twenty-four patients had undergone acetylcholine provocative test before PTCA. Among these 24 patients, 11 had coronary spasm before PTCA, and 7 had coronary spasticity after PTCA. Four patients who had positive evidence of coronary spasm before PTCA did not show negative spasm after PTCA. On the other hand, 3 patients who did not show evidence of coronary spasm showed positive evidence of coronary spasm after PTCA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

[Leukemic infiltration of the mastoid bone--cytologic examination of exudate in the tympanic cavity as a useful diagnostic method].

Although otologic involvement by leukemic infiltration was supposed to be unusual, increasing number of cases have been reported in recent years, probably due to the advance of chemotherapy, improved remission rate and longer survival of leukemic patients. Two cases of myelogenous leukemia with infiltration of mastoid bone were reported. One is 15-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia, which had been well controlled for 1 year, developed a sudden onset of facial nerve palsy. The other is 30-year-old female with chronic myelogenous leukemia and blastic crisis, complained hearing loss. As both cases had exudate in the tympanic cavity, the punctures were carried out through the eardrum. The pathological study of these exudate cells revealed the involvement of mastoid bone by leukemia. The cytologic examination of exudate in the tympanic cavity is simple, time-sparing and of little burden to the patient. This technique is very useful and supposed to take the place of the exploratory surgery of mastoid cavity which is previously considered necessary for the correct diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Psychological study of questionnaire relating to dentition and orthodontic treatment].

Concern of patients for dentition and receptivity of orthodontic treatment was studied by a general population questionnaire. Subjects (general population) consisted of elder elementary school boys and girls (157), junior high school (274) and high school students (90) and adults (45) in Tokushima, Kagawa and Kouchi prefectures. Twenty-three questions, previously selected from forty-seven using the Quantification III for orthodontic patients. Furthermore, ten questions were selected from these twenty-three using the same method and categorized into two groups. Each category was given a meaning. Five answers in each category were given marks: a positive answer was 'point one' and a negative one was 'point zero'. Mean points in each category were compared with eight groups according to age and sex. AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) was used for statistical analysis. The following results were obtained. 1. Two categories were independently identified. One had meaning in relation to concern for dentition and other had meaning in relation to receptivity of orthodontic treatment. 2. Orthodontic patients showed significantly higher points than general population for concern and receptivity. 3. Females in each group showed higher points for concern of dentition in general population, but males showed higher points for receptivity of orthodontic treatment. 4. Junior high school and high school students showed significantly lower points in two categories, in addition, males in this group showed lower points in these categories. 5. There were no significant differences between subjects in three prefectures. It is possible for general population to evaluate instructions or education methods for promoting interest in dentition by this study. Orthodontic patients will also be encouraged by the present study to receive orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗