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Biomedical subjects

T Tabuchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Tabuchi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Anaphylactoid purpura: intestinal ultrasonographic findings].

We evaluated six children with anaphylactoid purpura for ultrasonographic changes in the small intestine. Of 16 ultrasonographic scans, eight showed abnormal findings, consisting of circumscribed hypo-echoic enlargement, reduced peristalsis, equivocal structure of the small intestinal wall and ascites in patients with abdominal pain. Follow-up ultrasonography after steroid therapy demonstrated the small intestine to be normal in four of six patients. We believe that ultrasonography is an useful diagnostic modality to detect changes in the small intestinal wall in anaphylactoid purpura and plays an important role in its differentiation from other causes of abdominal pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with right aortic arch associated with retroesophageal anomalous left subclavian artery].

A rare case of coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with right aortic arch was presented. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with angina pectoris. Coronary angiography revealed total obstruction of left anterior descending artery and jeopardized collateral from right coronary artery. Aortography disclosed right aortic arch associated with retroesophageal anomalous left subclavian artery. As the symptom of neither the vascular ring nor the subclavian steal syndrome was recognized, left internal thoracic artery along with the saphenous vein was used for bypass conduit. The patient is doing well without any troubles 7 months after the operation. Attention should be made to use left internal thoracic artery in a patient with right aortic arch.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic efficacy of lanoconazole ointment in guinea pig model of tinea pedis, in comparison with that of cream preparations].

The therapeutic efficacy of ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole in a guinea pig model of tinea pedis was compared. When infected animals were treated once daily with 0.25% and 0.5% lanoconazole ointments, 7 of 10 and 8 of 10 infected feet became culture-negative, respectively. In animals treated with 1% lanoconazole ointment, fungus was not recovered from any infected foot. Comparing these results with those of culture study in animals which were treated with comparable concentrations of lanoconazole cream, no significant differences were found. These studies, therefore, suggested that ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole on topical application in the tinea pedis model would show basically equivalent therapeutic efficacy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[Amounts of urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline and their half lives in a patient with acute poisoning].

The aim of this study was to elucidate the time courses of amounts of urinary p-chloroaniline (p-CA) metabolites during acute poisoning and to establish a suitable method for biological monitoring of exposure to p-CA. Urinary p-CA metabolites which were previously identified in a patient with acute p-CA poisoning were determined quantitatively over time during admission of a patient by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and by the colorimetric method of diazo-positive metabolites (DPM). The data of urinary excretion of each p-CA metabolite were fitted to two-compartment model of pharmacokinetics. Major urinary metabolites of p-CA were conjugated p-CA and conjugated 2-amino-5-chlorophenol (2-A-5-CP), and the detected amounts of 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA) and free p-CA were small. During the rapid phase for the disappearance of each metabolite, half lives of p-CA, 2-A-5-CP and 2,4-DCA were 2.4, 1.7 and 1.7 h, respectively, and during the slow phase, they were 4.5, 3.3 and 3.8 h, respectively. Urinary p-CA occupied about 62% of the total metabolites detected in the urine, 2-A-5-CP about 36%, and 2,4-DCA about 1%. 2-A-5-CP and p-CA were detected in the urine of the patient obtained on days 3 and 4, respectively, after the poisoning, but the amount of DPM after the second day of the poisoning was in the range of that of non-exposed persons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Excretion of p-chloroaniline metabolites into urine. Excretion of 2,4-dichloroaniline and p-chloroformanilide].

Previously, we identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline (p-CA) in a patient with acute p-CA poisoning. Among these metabolites there is a possibility that 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA) and p-chloroformanilide (p-CFA) are produced through some unknown metabolic pathways in human. In order to clarify whether 2,4-DCA and p-CFA were produced within the human body or not, an attempt was made to detect these metabolites in the patient's urine samples prepared by various pretreatments, using both GC/MS and high performance liquid chromatograph. In addition, the detection of these metabolites in non-exposed person's urine samples spiked with p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol was attempted by GC/MS using same the procedures in order to examine whether p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol excreted as metabolites were further changed to 2,4-DCA or p-CFA in the urine or not. 2,4-DCA was found abundantly in the ethereal extracts from the patient's urine samples hydrolyzed with hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids, but only small amounts from intact urine samples by GC/MS. No 2,4-DCA was detected in the urine samples to which were added p-CA and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol. p-CFA was found in the ethereal samples which were extracted at acidic conditions from the patient's urine samples by GC/MS at the injection port temperature of 250 degrees C of the gas chromatograph, but the p-CFA peak disappeared at the injection port temperature of 150 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1992

Identification of urinary metabolites of human subjects acutely poisoned by p-chloronitrobenzene.

1. Urinary metabolites from human subjects acutely poisoned with p-chloro-nitrobenzene (p-CNB) were identified by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 2. Eight substances, namely, a very large amount of N-acetyl-S-(4-nitrophenyl)-L-cysteine, relatively large quantities of p-chloroaniline, 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol and p-chloroformanilide produced by pyrolysis of a substance originating from p-CNB, small amounts of 2-amino-5-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichloroaniline, and traces of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide, were detected in urine samples. 3. All of the absorbed p-CNB was metabolized prior to excretion, as the parent compound was not found in urine. 4. N-Acetylated metabolites of p-chloroaniline and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, resulting from p-CNB by metabolism, were found in only one of eight individuals indicating that this pathway is weak or may be absent in some humans. 5. A scheme for the pattern of metabolic pathways of p-CNB is proposed, and chlorination was considered to be a possible novel metabolic pathway.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1991

Identification of urinary metabolites in rats treated with p-chloronitrobenzene.

Urinary metabolites in rats treated with p-chloronitrobenzene were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A single dose of 100 mg/kg body wt p-chloronitrobenzene was administered intraperitoneally to male Sprague-Dawley rats and urine samples were collected from the 8th to 24th hour after the administration. Urinary metabolites were extracted with diethylether at pH 1.0 and pH 10.0 from urine samples hydrolyzed with acid and base and from intact urine samples. Aliquots of the ethereal extracts were injected into a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Nine substances were identified: p-chloroaniline, 2,4-dichloroaniline, p-nitrothiophenol, 2-chloro-5-nitrophenol, 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, p-chloroformanilide, 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide, a small amount of p-chloroacetanilide and traces of unchanged p-chloronitrobenzene.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Identification of urinary metabolites in a patient of acute poisoning by p-chloroaniline].

In order to clarify urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline (p-CA), urine samples of a patient acutely poisoned with p-CA were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Urinary metabolites were extracted with diethylether at pH 1.0 and pH 10 from urine samples hydrolyzed with acid and base and from intact urine samples. Aliquots of the ethereal extracts were injected into the gas chromatography, and p-CA and its metabolites were identified by comparing their mass spectra and retention times to those of standards. Six substances identified were as follows: p-CA, 2-amino-5-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichloroaniline, p-chloroformanilide and traces of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide. Since p-CA was mainly detected in the hydrolyzed urine samples, p-CA was considered to form conjugates in the urine. N-Acetylation reactions of p-CA were suggested to be weak in human, because extremely minute amounts of p-chloroacetanilide and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyacetanilide were detected in the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Coronary vasospastic activity at sites of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: evaluation using intracoronary acetylcholine administration].

To investigate coronary vasospastic activity after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we performed intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in 55 patients, mean 3.3 months after successful PTCA. Coronary spasm was defined as transient total or subtotal occlusion of the PTCA sites. Sixty-nine lesions of the 55 patients were examined to determine whether spasm was provoked by incremental doses of acetylcholine. Restenosis was defined as coronary luminal narrowing of > or = 50% after nitroglycerin or isosorbide dinitrate. Twenty of the 55 patients (36%) and 23 of the 69 lesions (33%) had coronary spasm. There was no correlation between the incidence of coronary spasm and the interval from PTCA to the acetylcholine test. The spasm was provoked in 17 lesions of the 50 non-restenotic lesions (34%) and was also provoked in 6 of the 19 restenotic lesions (32%). On the other hand, restenoses occurred in 6 of the 23 spastic lesions (26%) and in 13 of the 43 non-spastic lesions (28%). There was no correlation between the incidence of coronary spasm and the occurrence of restenoses. Twenty-four patients had undergone acetylcholine provocative test before PTCA. Among these 24 patients, 11 had coronary spasm before PTCA, and 7 had coronary spasticity after PTCA. Four patients who had positive evidence of coronary spasm before PTCA did not show negative spasm after PTCA. On the other hand, 3 patients who did not show evidence of coronary spasm showed positive evidence of coronary spasm after PTCA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

[Leukemic infiltration of the mastoid bone--cytologic examination of exudate in the tympanic cavity as a useful diagnostic method].

Although otologic involvement by leukemic infiltration was supposed to be unusual, increasing number of cases have been reported in recent years, probably due to the advance of chemotherapy, improved remission rate and longer survival of leukemic patients. Two cases of myelogenous leukemia with infiltration of mastoid bone were reported. One is 15-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia, which had been well controlled for 1 year, developed a sudden onset of facial nerve palsy. The other is 30-year-old female with chronic myelogenous leukemia and blastic crisis, complained hearing loss. As both cases had exudate in the tympanic cavity, the punctures were carried out through the eardrum. The pathological study of these exudate cells revealed the involvement of mastoid bone by leukemia. The cytologic examination of exudate in the tympanic cavity is simple, time-sparing and of little burden to the patient. This technique is very useful and supposed to take the place of the exploratory surgery of mastoid cavity which is previously considered necessary for the correct diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Psychological study of questionnaire relating to dentition and orthodontic treatment].

Concern of patients for dentition and receptivity of orthodontic treatment was studied by a general population questionnaire. Subjects (general population) consisted of elder elementary school boys and girls (157), junior high school (274) and high school students (90) and adults (45) in Tokushima, Kagawa and Kouchi prefectures. Twenty-three questions, previously selected from forty-seven using the Quantification III for orthodontic patients. Furthermore, ten questions were selected from these twenty-three using the same method and categorized into two groups. Each category was given a meaning. Five answers in each category were given marks: a positive answer was 'point one' and a negative one was 'point zero'. Mean points in each category were compared with eight groups according to age and sex. AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) was used for statistical analysis. The following results were obtained. 1. Two categories were independently identified. One had meaning in relation to concern for dentition and other had meaning in relation to receptivity of orthodontic treatment. 2. Orthodontic patients showed significantly higher points than general population for concern and receptivity. 3. Females in each group showed higher points for concern of dentition in general population, but males showed higher points for receptivity of orthodontic treatment. 4. Junior high school and high school students showed significantly lower points in two categories, in addition, males in this group showed lower points in these categories. 5. There were no significant differences between subjects in three prefectures. It is possible for general population to evaluate instructions or education methods for promoting interest in dentition by this study. Orthodontic patients will also be encouraged by the present study to receive orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Corticonuclear and corticovestibular projections from the uvula in the albino rat: differential projections from sublobuli of the uvula.

The organization of the corticonuclear and corticovestibular projections from the uvula was investigated in the albino rat by an autoradiographic method. The corticonuclear fibers from sublobule a of the uvula terminated in the caudoventral part of the medial cerebellar nucleus, and the caudomedial part of the posterior interpositus nucleus with mediolateral topography. The medial and lateral portions of the sublobule projected to the medial cerebellar and posterior interpositus nuclei, respectively. The corticovestibular fibers from sublobule a terminated in the dorsal and rostral parts of the superior vestibular nucleus, the dorsal part of the lateral vestibular nucleus, and the caudomedial part of the spinal vestibular nucleus. However, the corticonuclear fibers from sublobuli b and c of the uvula terminated additionally in the ventromedial part of the lateral cerebellar nucleus, while the corticovestibular fibers from these sublobuli terminated additionally in the subnucleus y of the vestibular complex, with probable termination in the medial vestibular nucleus. The cortical region which sent efferent projections to the ventromedial part of the lateral cerebellar nucleus and the subnucleus y was located laterally in sublobuli b and c of the uvula. These differential projection patterns from the dorsal and ventral sublobuli suggest the difference of the functional correlates between the sublobuli in the uvula.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A new HPLC fluorimetric method to monitor urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-U) levels in workers exposed to lead.

A new sensitive HPLC method for the determination of urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-U) was used to evaluate the relationship between blood-lead (Pb-B) and ALA-U levels in male workers exposed to lead. The differences between the ALA-U levels determined by this method (ALA-U-HP) and by a colorimetric method (ALA-U-CL) are discussed. The HPLC method gave values similar to the ALA-U-CL values at high ALA-U level. However, at low blood-lead levels (58 +/- 22 micrograms/l, n = 23), the mean ALA-U-HP level corrected by urinary creatinine level was one-third of the corrected ALA-U-CL level (0.83 +/- 0.14 and 2.4 +/- 0.5 mg/g creatinine, respectively). A significant increase of the mean corrected ALA-U-HP level was observed at 162 +/- 22 micrograms/l Pb-B (P less than 0.05, n = 26), while that of ALA-U-CL was observed at 245 +/- 30 micrograms/l Pb-B (P less than 0.01, n = 37). The regression equation based on the logistic model fitted well to the relationship data between the Pb-B level and the percentage of the subjects with corrected ALA-U-HP above the cut-off point (1.12 mg/g creatinine) and the expected Pb-B level for 50% response was 270 micrograms/l Pb-B, while it did not fit well to the relationship data between Pb-B level and the percentage of the subjects with corrected ALA-U-CL above the cut-off point (3.5 mg/g creatinine).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aminolevulinic Acid↗
PubMed1988

Topographic organization of the corticonuclear and corticovestibular projections from the pyramis and copula pyramidis in the albino rat. An autoradiographic orthograde tracing study.

The topographic organization of the corticonuclear and corticovestibular fibers from the pyramis and copula pyramidis in the albino rat was investigated by the autoradiographic orthograde tracing technique. Cortical efferent fibers from the medial part of the pyramis project to the caudoventral part of the caudomedial and middle subdivisions of the medial cerebellar nucleus, whereas those arising from the lateral part of the pyramis project to the caudomedial part of the posterior interpositus nucleus and also to the dorsal part of the lateral vestibular nucleus via the juxtarestiform body. Fibers from the medial part of the copula pyramidis project to the medial part of the anterior interpositus nucleus. On the other hand, fibers from the medial portion of the lateral part of the copula pyramidis project to the posterior interpositus nucleus, while those from the lateral portion, including the lateral limit of the copula pyramidis, project to the rostroventral part of the lateral cerebellar nucleus. These results indicate that the cortical efferent projections from the pyramis and the copula pyramidis are clearly oriented mediolaterally in the albino rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Assessment of occupational exposures to industrial hazardous substances. II. Interday fluctuations of the daily exposure averages among workers exposed to lead].

An assessment of the employee's exposures to industrial hazardous substances using the proposed method described earlier was conducted on 49 workers exposed to lead. As it is assumed that the daily exposure averages are lognormally distributed, geometric standard deviation (sigma g) representing true interday fluctuations of the daily exposures was estimated by personal exposure measurements of every worker for two consecutive days. The estimates (Sg) ranged from 1.00 to 5.35 with a median of 1.4 and a 90% upper limit of 2.4. According to a classification scheme in the proposed method, exposure levels (I to III) were calculated using sigma g of 1.4 and 2.4. An exposure class based on a single day measurement was evaluated and compared to that based on measurements for two consecutive days. As a result, the decision of the exposure levels and classes from only one day monitoring could be made by using both sigma g of 1.4 and 2.4, representing ordinary and high interday fluctuations, respectively. More accurate estimate of geometric standard deviation of interday fluctuations by exposure monitorings would provide a more reliable assessment of the worker's long-term exposure situation.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1987

A new orthodontic force system of magnetic brackets.

Tooth movement in orthodontic treatment is achieved by a combination of mechanical and physiologic forces acting on the teeth and their supporting structures to effect the biologic changes that cause teeth to move through bone. Traditional orthodontic appliances using wires, springs, and elastic forces inevitably cause some degree of discomfort and pain. In the present study, a new magnetized edgewise bracket was designed. The magnet works to move teeth mesiodistally and is not merely a mechanical force. It is well adapted to the biophysical system of tooth and bone interrelationships. Therefore, it works effectively, gives less discomfort, and produces less stress for the patient. The new magnetic appliance provides a force system that approaches the ideal orthodontic requirements.

Adolescent↗