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Biomedical subjects

T Tanikawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Tanikawa.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

An image-guided stereotactic system for neurosurgical operations.

A new simulation system utilizing digital images (CT/MRI/SPECT) and an ultrasound/laser navigation system has been developed for image-guided surgery. Preoperative CT/MRI imaging does not always indicate the actual location of the lesion during intracranial operation, because the lesion may be displaced or distorted by operative procedures or CSF flowout. The authors developed an image integration system including an intraoperative ultrasonogram, which provides accurate information not only on the location of the deep-seated lesions but also surrounding anatomical structures during operation. The rationale of the system is to coordinate the three-dimensional axes of each image with the aid of a stereotactic subframe. Our simulation system has two ways. One simulation system works on a SUN workstation. At the preoperative simulation study: the entry point on the brain surface and the access route to the lesion are decided on from the three-dimensional CT/MRI images on the computer display. Then the configuration of the lesion from the operative view is displayed as an expected ultrasound image by reconstructing the CT and/or SPECT image. Another simulation system (HyperCAS) works on the HyperCard of a MacIntosh. The target point, the entry point and the trajectory are decided on and the three-dimensional location of these points is measured from serial CT images on the LCD display. At the time of operation, stereotactic craniotomy is performed using the laser navigator. The extent of the lesion at every depth in the surgical process is predicted from these images, and the access route to the lesion is easily corrected with the intraoperative ultrasound navigator.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1994

Incidence of pouch stones and risk factors for urolithiasis in patients with continent urinary diversion or neobladder using intestine.

Urinary risk factors and inhibiting factors for urolithiasis, such as oxalate, calcium, phosphate, uric acid, citrate, and magnesium, were examined in 12 patients receiving continent urinary diversion, neobladder, or augmentation cystoplasty using intestine. These data were compared with the incidence of pouch stone formation. Ten (83.3%) of 12 patients had at least one risk factor, and 5 (41.7%) of 12 had two or more risk factors. Pouch stone developed in 4 (80%) of 5 patients with two or more risk factors, and in none of 7 patients with one or zero risk factors. The incidence of pouch stone in the former group was significantly higher than in the latter group. These results suggest that urinary reservoir operations should not be performed in patients with two or more risk factors for urolithiasis.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Indonesian medicinal plants. IX. Chemical structures of gongganosides A, B, and C, three new quinovic acid glycosides from the bark of Bhesa paniculata (Celastraceae).

Three new quinovic acid glycosides, named gongganosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), were isolated from the bark of Bhesa paniculata (Celastraceae), an Indonesian medicinal plant collected in Sumatra Island. The chemical structures have been elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranoside for 1,28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylquinovic acid 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside for 2, and 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside for 3.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Indonesian medicinal plants. X. Chemical structures of four new triterpene-glycosides, gongganosides D, E, F, and G, and two secoiridoid-glucosides from the bark of Bhesa paniculata (Celastraceae).

Four new triterpene-glycosides, named gongganosides D (4), E (5), F (6), and G (7), and two new secoiridoid-glucosides, (7R)-7-caffeoyloxysweroside (8) and (7S)-7-caffeoyloxysweroside (9), were isolated from the bark of the Indonesian medicinal plant Bhesa paniculata (Celastraceae). The chemical structures have been elucidated on the bases of their chemical and physiocochemical properties.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Intracavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm associated with persistent trigeminal artery variant: case report].

The authors report a case of an intracavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm associated with a persistent trigeminal artery variant (PTAV). A 47-year-old-woman developed a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to the rupture of aneurysm and underwent direct clipping operation. PTAV is basically an anomalous anastomosis between the internal carotid artery and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. In this patient, the PTAV originated from the C4 portion of the right internal carotid artery and distributed in the territory of the hemispheric branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. There have been only three reported cases of the internal carotid artery aneurysms arising from the crotch of PTAV. It is also unusual that rupture of such a small aneurysm in the cavernous sinus causes subarachnoid hemorrhage. Embryological development of PTAV and possible mechanism of subarachnoid hemorrhage from the intracavernous aneurysm are discussed.

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical detection of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and major histocompatibility complex class I antigens in seminoma.

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, and characterization of tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIM) were examined immunohistologically in 10 specimens of seminoma. ICAM-1 and MHC antigens were not detected on normal spermatogenic cells. ICAM-1 and MHC class I antigens were variably expressed in 7 and 9 seminomas, respectively, whereas class II antigens were not detected. Although the degree of expression of ICAM-1 and MHC antigens was not correlated with any clinical or histopathological factors, neither of the antigens was detected on an anaplastic seminoma. Various numbers of TIM were detected in all of the seminoma, and comprised mainly T cells bearing the lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1. No significant correlation was noticed between the degree of lymphocyte infiltration and ICAM-1 or MHC antigen expression. Although ICAM-1 and MHC class I antigens were expressed in seminoma, possibly facilitating an anti-tumor reaction of host, their expression remained low in several cases, despite marked lymphocyte infiltration within the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

An autopsied case of Williams syndrome complicated by moyamoya disease.

An 18 year old girl with typical clinical features of Williams syndrome suddenly died of intracerebral hemorrhage due to moyamoya disease. Autopsy revealed vascular abnormalities, such as supravalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) and an abnormal complicated cerebrovascular network in the cerebral arteries. The arterial wall of the SAS lesion consisted of thickened medial tissue showing elastic disorganization with prominence of the smooth muscle cells. The narrowed vessels of the circle of Willis showed intimal thickening with an extremely wavy internal elastic lamina and marked thinning of the media. To our knowledge, this is the first report of moyamoya disease associated with Williams syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

A simple system for stereotactic volumetric resection.

Stereotactic volumetric resection of deep-seated intracerebral lesions is generally believed to require expensive and complex facilities. The authors report a simple system for stereotactic craniotomy, in which the software in the computed tomographic scanner and a personal computer are used for preoperative planning and intraoperative orientation.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of upper urinary tract dynamics by diuresis renography in patients receiving urinary reservoir operation. Comparison of full and empty reservoir.

Upper urinary tract dynamics was evaluated using diuresis renography during full and empty reservoir in 14 patients (11 men, 3 women, 13-70 years old) with intestinal urinary reservoir or intestinal bladder augmentation. Types of operation were Mainz pouch urinary diversion 5, Mainz neobladder to urethra, 5, Kock pouch urinary diversion 2, and Mainz bladder augmentation 2. Diuresis renography was performed using 99mTc-DTPA and furosemide during full and empty reservoir, and several parameters (Tmax, T75, T50, GFR) in addition to the patterns of renogram were evaluated. In the normal control, none of the parameters of the diuresis renogram with full bladder differed from those with empty bladder. In 5 of 14 patients, abnormal waves on cystometry (CMG) were found, and in 4 of these 5 patients, the patterns of diuresis renogram of full reservoir were worse than those of empty reservoir. However, the patterns of diuresis renogram of full reservoir were not different from those of empty reservoir in 9 patients without abnormal waves on CMG. In conclusion, renal injury may easily occur in patients with intestinal reservoir and abnormal waves on CMG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Concentration of gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid in human kidney--study on proper time for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the human kidney on low and high magnetic fields.

Although Gadolinium diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) has been used as a contrast material in magnetic resonance imaging, it is known that contrast enhancement effect disappears if the concentration of Gd-DPTA increases beyond some levels. In this study, to evaluate the proper pulse sequences for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the human kidney, the concentration of Gd-DTPA was quantitatively measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry in human biological samples after administration of Gd-DTPA, and the signal intensity of MRI is the solutions of several concentrations of Gd-DTPA was measured. The results were; 1. In using a low magnetic field apparatus, signal intensity linearly correlated with the concentration of Gd-DTPA between 0 and 2.0 mumol/g under saturation recovery sequences (flip angle was 60 degrees or 90 degrees). Using a high magnetic field apparatus, signal intensity linearly correlated with the concentration of Gd-DTPA between 0 and 2.0 or 3.0 mumol/g under spin echo or gradient-echo sequences. 2. Gd-DTPA concentration of the renal cortex ranged from 0.132 to 0.152 mumol/g tissue at 5 min after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA 0.05 mmol/kg body weight in 7 patients with adrenal tumor or renal cell cancer, and 1 patient with both urinary bladder cancer and prostatic cancer. Seven of them showed normal renal function and the other had renal insufficiency (GFR 25 ml/min/1.48 m2). Gd-DTPA concentrations of renal medulla and renal cell cancer tissue were 0.123 and 0.108 mumol/g tissue, respectively, at 5 min after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA 0.05 mmol/kg body weight. These results suggest that the signal intensity of renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal cell cancer tissue may linearly correlate with Gd-DTPA concentration of tissues at 5 min after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA 0.5 mmol/kg body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Epizootiological study of hantavirus infection among Rattus norvegicus in Tokyo Bay area, Japan.

The prevalence of antibodies against hantavirus in 413 rats (Rattus norvegicus) captured in eight regions of the Tokyo Bay area from 1983 to 1992 were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Antibody-positive rats were found in Tokyo Port in 1983 (34.8%), 1984 (25.9%), 1985 (22.0%) and 1986 (15.6%), in Kasai Seaside Park in 1989 (3.2%) and 1990 (4.2%) and in Chiba Port in 1990 (6.7%). In Tokyo Port, antibody-positive rats were found in any season in 1984 and 1985, and seroprevalences among two age groups, i. e., less than six months and six or more months of age were 18.1% and 28.4%, respectively. Three virus strains were isolated from rats captured on reclaimed land No. 13 in Tokyo Port in 1985 and named TQR-23, TQR-48 and TQR-50. These strains were antigenically identical with other rat strains, e. g., strain SR-11 and TR-352 but were discriminated from 76-118 strain by the neutralization test. Until 1990, persistence of hantavirus among rats inhabiting the Tokyo Bay area was demonstrated and hantavirus may be continuously prevalent in rats in this area.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Two cases of giant aneurysms arising from the distal segment of the anterior cerebral circulation].

Giant aneurysm arising from the distal segment of the anterior cerebral circulation is extremely rare, and only 14 cases of anterior cerebral circulation aneurysms have been reported in the literature. This report describes two cases of giant intracranial aneurysms, one arising from the distal segment of the middle cerebral artery, and the other from the azygos anterior cerebral artery. Although both of the patients started with intracranial hemorrhage, their surgical outcomes were good. The growth mechanisms of each aneurysm are discussed based on the clinical and pathological findings. Since the wall of the middle cerebral artery aneurysm showed granulomatous changes with infiltration of many inflammatory cells, the aneurysmal enlargement is considered to have resulted from chronic inflammation of the wall. In the case of anterior cerebral artery aneurysm, hemodynamic stress through the azygos artery may have caused the giant aneurysm. Operative indication for giant intracranial aneurysm is controversial. Since the surgical outcomes of reported cases are definitely better than those of the patients with proximal giant aneurysm, we conclude that giant aneurysm arising from the distal segment of the cerebral artery should be treated surgically.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Unexpected movement disorders in neurosurgical practice: report of three cases.

Hyperkinetic movement disorders may develop as a complication of stereotactic thalamotomy or pallidotomy. However, such movement disorders are uncommon after nonsterotactic intracranial operations. The authors report three cases of involuntary movement disorders unexpectedly developing after intracranial operations. The patients had undergone clipping of an internal carotid aneurysm, removal of an intracerebral hematoma, and resection of a tentorial meningioma. Two patients developed choreic movements and a dystonic posture of the unilateral upper extremity. One patient showed a tremor that had features of both parkinsonism and essential tremor. The symptoms of these patients were medically uncontrollable, and they were successfully treated with stereotactic ventrolateral thalamotomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Aspergillotic aneurysm formation of cerebral artery following neurosurgical operation.

A rare case of intracranial aspergillotic aneurysm following neurosurgical operation for facial spasm is presented. Severe meningitis had persisted several days prior to the subarachnoid hemorrhage which occurred on 70th postoperative day. Angiography demonstrated a fusiform aneurysm at the peduncular segment of the superior cerebellar artery on the other side of operation. As the repeated cultures of CSF were negative, the pathogenetic factor causing aneurysm formation could not be identified before second operation of aneurysmal resection. Pathological study of the specimen revealed the arterial wall being deeply invaded by aspergillotic hyphae.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Stereotactic mesencephalotomy for pain relief. A plea for stereotactic surgery.

Rostral mesencephalic reticulotomy (RMR) for pain relief was performed in 34 patients with intractable pain. Most of these patients have been followed for a long period of time postoperatively, the longest follow-up period being 11 years. Contrary to the commonly prevailed bias in the past that mesencephalotomy may be a surgical intervention with potential risk, these patients of RMR have continued to substantial improvement postoperatively in terms of their preoperative intractable painful dysesthesia after a long period of time. The results of pain relief for denervation pain as well as for nondenervation pain are surprisingly good even after unilateral procedures. There was no operative mortality. Postoperative disturbance of ocular motility has been reduced. RMR has its scientific basis in that the medial part of the reticular formation rather than the classical lateral spinothalamic tract has more significance in the central conduction of nociceptive impulses through the midbrain level, which was verified by intraoperative neuronal recording with a tungsten microelectrode. The present report emphasizes that stereotactic mesencephalotomy, if performed meticulously and precisely, is a safe surgical procedure for pain relief. Results of MRI and sensory manifestations of a patient 11 years after RMR are also presented.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1992

Gynecomastia and ectopic human chorionic gonadotropin production by transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

We report a patient with gynecomastia and ectopic production of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) by a transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In the present case, serum HCG levels and gynecomastia paralleled the clinical course. On admission, the patient was suffering from invasive transitional cell carcinoma (grade 3) of the bladder with metastasis to the left inguinal lymph nodes, together with gynecomastia. The serum HCG level was also elevated. After anticancer chemotherapy, the apparent bladder lesion and gynecomastia disappeared, and the serum HCG level declined to within normal limits. About 2 months after discharge, when the patient suffered from recurrent invasive tumors of the bladder, gynecomastia reappeared and the serum HCG level again became elevated. beta-HCG was demonstrated in biopsy tissue using the immunoperoxidase technique. The presence of beta-HCG was always focally demonstrated and was shown to be localized in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence of Listeria (spp.) in wild rats captured in the Kanto area of Japan.

In the Kanto area a total of 245 wild rats were captured. All rats captured in Ikebukuro (110 rats) and 9 out of 41 rats in Yokohama were Rattus rattus, and all other 126 rats were Rattus norvegicus. In Kashima and Ikebukuro, listeria was isolated from 28 rats (77.8%) and 27 rats (24.5%), respectively, but in the other 4 areas listeria was isolated from 0-7% rats. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 12 rats (10.9%) captured in Ikebukuro and 2 rats in Kashima and Numazu. The frequent isolation of L. monocytogenes in buildings suggests the possibility of R. rattus as a reservoir of L. monocytogenes and the continual environmental contamination in buildings by L. monocytogenes.

Animals↗