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Biomedical subjects

T Yamabe

Publications and source records attributed to T Yamabe.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Balloon diameter of the Inoue balloon catheter during percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy: clinical and experimental study.

To determine adequate and effective balloon diameters of the Inoue balloon catheter, we reviewed clinical results and characteristics of the Inoue balloon catheter, especially the relationship between the intra-balloon pressure and the balloon diameter, experimentally and clinically, in 46 patients with mitral stenosis undergoing percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC). Mitral valve area increased from 1.1 +/- 0.3 to 2.1 +/- 0.3 cm2 in all patients after PTMC. Based on balloon diameter settings, mitral valve area increased from 1.3 +/- 0.4 to 2.3 +/- 0.5 cm2 in patients treated with a balloon setting greater than 26 mm in diameter, from 1.1 +/- 0.3 to 2.0 +/- 0.5 cm2 in patients with a balloon setting at 26 mm in diameter, and from 1.1 +/- 0.4 to 1.7 +/- 0.4 cm2 in those treated with a balloon setting less than 26 mm in diameter, with an increase in mitral valve area of 1.0 +/- 0.6, 0.9 +/- 0.4, and 0.7 +/- 0.2 cm2, respectively. There was a significant difference between the increase in mitral valve area at a setting of 26 mm in diameter and that observed at a setting less than 26 mm in diameter. We next investigated differences between balloon diameter settings and actual balloon diameters measured from cineangiograms at maximum balloon inflation. The ratio of actual balloon diameter to a setting diameter of less than 26 mm was smaller than that of 26 mm. To evaluate the reason for the difference, we investigated the relationship between intra-balloon pressure and balloon diameter. In the prototype Inoue balloon catheter, intra-balloon pressure increases from 1.0 kg/cm2 at 20 mm in diameter to 2.2 kg/cm2 at 30 mm in diameter at atmospheric pressure. In conclusion, the increase in mitral valve area was inadequate when the balloon was less than 26 mm in diameter because of inadequate intra-balloon pressure. We, therefore, recommend a balloon size set above 26 mm to obtain adequate intra-balloon pressure when using the Inoue balloon catheter.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1991

[Cellular localization of aromatase in human endometrium].

The expression of aromatase was examined in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle, early pregnancy, and ovarian endometriosis with a specific monoclonal antiserum to human purified placental aromatase cytochrome P-450 (P-450AROM). Tissues were obtained from women undergoing hysterectomy, oophorectomy and/or intrauterine curettage. The day of the cycle was determined from the onset of the last menstrual period and confirmed by endometrial histology. In secretory endometrium, stronger immunoreactivity of aromatase was observed in epithelial gland than immunoreactivity of stroma, especially in mid and late secretory endometrium. In endometrium of early pregnancy, significant immunoreactivity was seen in both glandular cells and stromal cells. However, weak immunoreactivity was seen only in epithelial gland of ovarian endometriosis. There was no immunoreactivity in atrophic endometrium or late proliferative endometrium. These results show that the physiological action of endometrial aromatase is modulated by progesterone and equipped with the capacity for cyclic change throughout the menstrual cycle. The presence of aromatase in the ovarian endometriosis is of interest, since it is histologically different from normal cyclic endometrium, and this is consistent with the ability to synthesize estradiol. But the weak intensity in endometriosis probably means that only a small amount of estradiol was synthesized, which served to explain the poor response to GnRHa or danazol administered on ovarian cystic endometriosis.

Aromatase↗
PubMed1990

[Systemic mast cell disease associated with cutaneous xanthomas and markedly elevated serum IgE].

Systemic mast cell disease (SMCD) is a rare disease often associated with symptoms of general malaise, pruritus, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, urticaria pigmentosa, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. We reported a case of SMCD associated with cutaneous xanthoma and serum hyper IgE. Skin biopsy revealed xanthomas and diffuse infiltration of mast cells in the dermis. The association of SMCD with xanthoma was reported in the literature for only one case. The hyper IgE could be due to the defect of IgE receptors on the cell membrane of mast cells of dysfunction of T and/or B cell. Any of the treatment using H1 and H2 receptor blockade, disodium cromoglycate, adrenocorticosteroid or chemotherapy (VEPA) were not effective. The patient died of pulmonary edema and multiple organ failure 7 months after the diagnosis was established. The crush method for the cytological examination of bone marrow was considered more useful than smear method for the diagnosis of SMCD.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Enzymatic colorimetric determination of phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid].

Although the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in amniotic fluid is generally considered indicative of fetal lung maturity, the thin layer chromatographic techniques currently used to measure this concentration have been criticized. We have investigated a highly sensitive method for determining amniotic fluid phosphatidylglycerol by using L-glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P).dihydroxyacetone phosphate enzymatic cycling reaction and relate this finding to the assessment of fetal lung maturity. Under the assay conditions described above, glycerol oxidase eliminates endogenous glycerol in the amniotic fluid prior to analysis. The subsequent enzymatic reaction sequence involves conversion of phosphatidylglycerol to G-3-P by phospholipase D and glycerol kinase in the presence of ATP. G-3-P is subsequently determined with amplification by enzymatic cycling reaction of G-3-P oxidase and G-3-P dehydrogenase in the presence of oxygen and NADH2. The absorbance is measured at 542 nm. The quantitation of phosphatidylglycerol is linear over the concentration range of 0-20 microM and the detection limit is 0.4 mumol/l. Within run CV's were found to be 1.25% at 13.8 mumol/l (n = 7) and 3.0% at 4.2 mumol/l (n = 7). The results obtained from 48 samples using this procedure, revealed that a level less than 1.0 mumol/l of PG persisted until the 29th week of gestation. A gradual increase in PG (more than 1.0 mumol/1) beginning in the 30th week of gestation was observed. A sharp increase in PG was also found in the 37th week of gestation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type-I.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), an etiologic human retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), causes approximately 60 new cases of ATLL each year in Nagasaki Prefecture; essentially all cases are fatal, and they account for approximately 0.5% of total deaths in the area. The estimated life risk for an HTLV-I carrier to develop ATLL is approximately 5%. The major transmission pathway of HTLV-I peculiarly endemic in the Nagasaki Prefecture was studied. The prevalence of HTLV-I infection in children of carrier mothers (21%) was significantly higher than that in children in the general population in the area (1%) and more than 85% of mothers of carrier children were carriers. The breast milk of carrier mothers contained HTLV-I-infected cells and was infectious for marmoset via oral administration. A retrospective survey of children of carrier mothers showed that the prevalence of carrier children of carrier mothers was 17 (39%) of 44 and 0 (0%) of 10 when they were given breast milk only or formula only, respectively. These data provide a powerful basis for devising an intervention measure to block the endemic cycle of HTLV-I, ie, if carrier mothers refrain from breast-feeding, the incidence of ATLL will be significantly reduced some 50 years later.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Activity of peritoneal macrophages in endometriosis.

The mechanism of infertility in women with endometriosis is still largely unclear. It is thought that peritoneal macrophages increase in number in women with endometriosis and that the macrophages phagocytize sperm or the fertilized ovum, leading to infertility. We examined the levels of phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages in patients with and without endometriosis using a flow cytometric assay. The level of phagocytosis in the control group was significantly lower than in the group with endometriosis. Quantitative results on the level of phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages suggest that peritoneal macrophages are one of the factors contributing to infertility associated with endometriosis.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1988

[The measurement of plasma-free testosterone in normal menstrual females, pregnant females, post menopausal females and vulvar dystrophy].

It is considered that plasma-free testosterone is a bioactive androgen in blood and is more reflective in androgenicity than plasma total testosterone. We measured plasma-free testosterone by dialyzable method in normal menstrual females, pregnant females, post menopausal females and vulvar dystrophy. The values of plasma total testosterone (T), fractional free testosterone (%FT) and plasma-free testosterone (free T) were 0.61 +/- 0.27 (mean +/- SD)ng/ml, 1.19 +/- 0.34% and 0.61 +/- 0.20 ng/kl in the follicular phase of normal menstrual females (n = 25), and 0.57 +/- 0.23 ng/ml, 1.29 +/- 0.46% and 0.56 +/- 0.35 ng/dl in the luteal phase of normal menstrual females (n = 24), respectively. The values in both phases showed no differences from each other. In post menopausal females (n = 18), the concentration of T (0.36 +/- 0.27 ng/ml) and free T (0.52 +/- 0.12 ng/dl) was significantly lower (T: P less than 0.01, free T: P less than 0.05) than that in normal menstrual females. However, %FT in post menopausal females (1.37 +/- 0.12%) was not different as compared with that in normal menstrual females. In pregnant females (n = 2) of second and third trimester, T (0.53 +/- 0.07 ng/ml) was not different as compared with that in normal menstrual females, but %FT (0.67 +/- 0.45%) and free T (0.33 +/- 0.23 ng/dl) were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than in normal menstrual females. In vulvar dystrophy, lichen sclerosus (n = 19) and hyperplastic dystrophy without atypia (n = 12) were measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of bromocriptine on endocrine environment in the polycystic ovary syndrome].

In order to investigate the hormone feature and the effect of bromocriptine on endocrine profile in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO), twenty-four-hour secretion pattern of LH, FSH, PRL and testosterone were assessed in 8 PCO patients and 4 normal women as controls by obtaining serial blood samples, taken through a forearm cannula, at 30 minute intervals for 24 hours. Bromocriptine, 5 mg/day was given and 3 patients were reassessed in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulatory periods were established during bromocriptine therapy. There was significant difference in pulse amplitude, but not in pulse frequency of LH and testosterone between PCO and normal women (23.1 +/- 9.49 vs 5.75 +/- 1.28 mIU/ml, p less than 0.01; 27.8 +/- 10.1 vs 10.2 +/- 2.63 ng/dl, p less than 0.01), and the 24 hour mean LH and testosterone levels were higher (p less than 0.01) in PCO (52.3 +/- 20.1 mIU/ml, 105.1 +/- 15.9 ng/dl) than in normal women (13.4 +/- 4.31 mIU/ml, 54.3 +/- 13.3 ng/dl). Though a pulsatility in FSH secretion was identified, no difference between normal women and PCO was observed. Mean PRL level was within the normal range in PCO but with a higher pulse frequency (p less than 0.01) and lower pulse amplitude (p less than 0.01) than those of the normal women. Furthermore, LH and testosterone secretions maintained the circadian changes in PCO patients against the normal women. During bromocriptine therapy, mean level and pulse amplitude of LH and testosterone were significantly suppressed, without changing in pulse frequency, whilst PRL secretory patterns were not reestablished. In conclusion we have found that PCO is associated with high level and pulse amplitude of LH and testosterone, with high frequency and low amplitude of PRL, and bromocriptine administration can blunt LH, PRL and testosterone secretion, suggesting a hypothalamic intervention in gonadotropic regulation in patient with PCO. In addition, the degree of bromocriptine to inhibit LH secretion might be related to the dose or duration of its administration, or to the sensitivity of the patients. The mechanism of bromocriptine for marked LH suppression in PCO patients remains to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Phase II study of carboplatin in ovarian cancer].

A phase II study of carboplatin was conducted in ovarian cancer by a cooperative study group consisting of 22 institutions nationwide. The overall response rate of 50 evaluable cases was 38.0%. The response rate in cases with no prior chemotherapy was 54.2% and that with prior chemotherapy was 23.1%. In addition, the response rate was 26.3% in cases that received prior CDDP-based chemotherapy. Histologically, the response rate was high in serous cystadenocarcinoma and endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Hematologic toxicities, particularly leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, were frequently observed, but well tolerated, while renal and neurologic toxicities were rare. These results suggested that carboplatin is useful in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗