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T Yusa

Publications and source records attributed to T Yusa.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effects of intratracheal lidocaine spray on circulatory responses to endotracheal intubation].

The effect of intratracheal lidocaine spray (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg.kg-1) on blood pressure and heart rate changes to endotracheal intubation was evaluated in 20 ASA I-II patients. After thiamylal induction, 15 patients received lidocaine spray with LTA kit. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded for 10 min every 30 sec and analysis of plasma lidocaine concentrations were also performed. In the control group, mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly compared with the pre-anesthetic values for one min, and with all spray groups at one min after intubation. Heart rate increased significantly at 30 sec after intubation only in the control group. Since the plasma lidocaine concentrations at intubation were below 1.5 micrograms.ml-1, we conclude that intratracheal lidocaine spray depresses the circulatory response to intubation by its local surface analgesic effect.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

[Limited operation of carcinoma of the lung].

A clinical study on 207 patients was performed to evaluate partial or wedge resection for lung carcinoma in our institute. Although forced vital capacity decreased 300 ml in cases with poor lung function, blood gas analysis and performance status showed no change due to limited operation. Relative non-curative cases undergoing limited operation showed a relatively good result compared to standard lobectomy, and the 5-year survival rate was 42% postoperatively, but absolute non-curative cases showed a much poorer postoperative prognosis. Reduction surgery by limited operation did not have significant effect on the survival of the patients. Limited operation for recurrent lung cancer showed good results and 5-year survival was 60% postoperatively. It was suggested that limited operation for such selected patients can be a beneficial therapeutic modality. In conclusion, limited resection is not indicated for peripheral lung cancers of more than 3 cm in diameter, poor differentiation or marked cell atypia, because of higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and early postoperative recurrence, especially in adenocarcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Co-purification of thymidylate kinase and cytosolic thymidine kinase from human term placenta by affinity chromatography.

It was revealed that thymidylate kinase was purified together with cytosolic thymidine kinase from human term placenta by p-aminophenyl thymidine-3'-phosphate-CH-Sepharose affinity column chromatography, which has been commonly used for purification of thymidine kinase. In addition, it was noted that mitochondrial thymidine kinase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase were concurrently eliminated. In the presence of ATP, cytosolic thymidine kinase and thymidylate kinase could be separated from each other by Ultrogel AcA 34 filtration, and their molecular weights were estimated to be 70,000 and 50,000, respectively. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thymidine kinase protein exhibited a band of 26,000, which was compatible with the molecular weight of the enzyme subunit calculated from its cDNA, while thymidylate kinase protein showed 24,000. Thymidylate kinase could utilize either ATP or dATP as an efficient phosphate donor, and showed substrate specificity for dTMP.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Effects of hypoxic hypoxia and reoxygenation on H2O2 production in rat brain in vivo.

The effects of hypoxic hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production was studied in the rat brain in vivo. Brain H2O2 production was measured by H2O2-dependent aminotriazole inactivation of endogenous brain catalase activity. Brain catalase activities of rats breathing air (0.2 ATA O2, control) were 168 +/- 5 (n = 10), 125 +/- 4 (n = 6), and 100 +/- 5 (n = 8) U/g brain (mean +/- SEM) at 0, 30, and 60 min after i.p. aminotriazole injection, respectively. Catalase activities after exposure to 5% O2 with N2 for 15 min, 10% O2 with N2 for 30 min, and 6% O2 with nitrous oxide (N2O) for 15 min were 131 +/- 4 (n = 7), 122 +/- 6 (n = 5), and 124 +/- 6 (n = 7) U/g brain, respectively, at 30 min after aminotriazole injection, and were not significantly different from each other or control. Reoxygenated on room air, 100% O2, and hyperbaric 3 ATA O2 for 30 min immediately after each period of hypoxia, brain catalase activity at 60 min after aminotriazole injection in the group of pre-exposure to 6% O2 with N2O was 67 +/- 3, 74 +/- 3, and 67 +/- 6 U/g brain with 0.2 ATA O2 (n = 6), 1.0 ATA O2 (n = 5), and 3.0 ATA O2 (n = 5), respectively. All of these were significantly different from control and other hypoxic pre-exposure groups with N2 (p <0.01) but not from each other. Reoxygenation of the brain after hypoxia with N2O could exacerbate cerebral damage by increasing oxygen free radical production.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Tumor cell interactions with elastin: implications for pulmonary metastasis.

Elastin surrounds microvessels in the pulmonary circulation and may pose a barrier to the extravasation of metastatic tumor cells. We find that lung-colonizing murine melanoma cells produce an enzymatic activity that degrades elastin. In addition, the elastin fragments liberated by enzymatic digestion of insoluble elastin stimulate tumor cell chemotaxis. Chemotactic activity is associated with other forms of soluble elastin, including alpha-elastin and tropoelastin. Val-Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly, a synthetic peptide that is a repeat sequence in the elastin molecule, also displayed tumor cell chemotactic activity. The ability to degrade elastin and to migrate in response to soluble elastin peptides is not a property of all tumor cells, but it is most commonly found associated with metastatic tumor cells that colonize pulmonary tissue. We postulate that the ability to migrate in response to elastin fragments may facilitate tumor cell invasion of elastin-rich pulmonary tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Activity of the cytosolic isozyme of thymidine kinase in human primary lung tumors with reference to malignancy.

Activity increase of the cytosolic isozyme of thymidine kinase (TK) in resected specimens of lung tumor patients would be a useful marker for tumor malignancy and prognosis. In 24 resected cases of malignant lung tumors, the whole enzyme extracts of the tumorous part of the specimens showed that the activities of TK, thymidylate synthetase, and ribonucleotide reductase increased at an average of 469 (P less than 0.001), 208 (not significant), and 193% (P less than 0.02) of the corresponding enzymes in the tumor-uninvolved lung parts, respectively. Two TK isozymes, cytosolic and mitochondrial TKs, were separated better by means of p-aminophenyl 3'-TMP:CH-Sepharose gel affinity column chromatography for precise quantitation of the activity than by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. These separated isozymes from the tumorous part of the specimens were characteristically very similar to the isozymes of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of the xenograft (CPX-101) of human lung tumor transplanted in athymic nude mice, respectively. The cytosolic isozyme activity isolated by this method from the tumorous part was remarkably higher and more varied than that of the tumor-uninvolved part, while that of the mitochondrial isozyme was lower and less agitated. The tumor doubling time showed a good inverse correlation to the activity of the cytosolic isozyme of TK when compared logarithmically (r = -0.798, P less than 0.01). Poorly differentiated tumors exhibited significantly higher activities of the TK cytosolic isozyme than did well-to-moderately differentiated tumors (766.0 +/- 379.1 and 308.1 +/- 119.5 pmol/mg of protein/h, mean +/- SE, respectively), a phenomenon also seen in the activities of the tumors with versus without recurrences within 12 mo after resection (803.6 +/- 278.7 and 124.1 +/- 42.1 pmol/mg of protein/h, respectively). The levels of these relationships using the cytosolic TK activity provided a clearer indication of prognosis and the state of the malignancy than those using the whole extract TK activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Bronchial arterial infusion of lymphokine-activated killer cells stimulated by autologous tumor cells].

Bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) of Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, stimulated in vitro by autologous tumor cells, was performed for a primary lung cancer patient, a 47-year-old male patient with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung who underwent probe thoracotomy and had part of the tumor tissue removed. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in 500 U/ml of recombinant IL-2(Shionogi Pharm. S6820) for 9 days after in vitro stimulation with mitomycin C-treated primary tumor cells for 3 days. These cells (designated St-LAK cells) were inoculated from the bronchial artery of patients who received 60 Gy irradiation of the primary site and mediastinal lymph nodes. The tumor regressed significantly from 8 X 7 to 3 X 2.5 cm in diameter. The advantages of LAK-BAI using St-LAK cells with irradiation were discussed.

Bronchial Arteries↗
PubMed1987

Hyperoxia increases H2O2 production by brain in vivo.

Hyperoxia and hyperbaric hyperoxia increased the rate of cerebral hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in unanesthetized rats in vivo, as measured by the H2O2-mediated inactivation of endogenous catalase activity following injection of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Brain catalase activity in rats breathing air (0.2 ATA O2) decreased to 75, 61, and 40% of controls due to endogenous H2O2 production at 30, 60, and 120 min, respectively, after intraperitoneal injection of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The rate of catalase inactivation increased linearly in rats exposed to 0.6 ATA O2 (3 ATA air), 1.0 ATA O2 (normobaric 100% O2) and 3.0 ATA O2 (3 ATA 100% O2) compared with 0.2 ATA O2 (room air). Catalase inactivation was prevented by pretreatment of rats with ethanol (4 g/kg), a competitive substrate for the reactive catalase-H2O2 intermediate, compound I. This confirmed that catalase inactivation by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole was due to formation of the catalase-H2O2 intermediate, compound I. The linear rate of catalase inactivation allows estimates of the average steady-state H2O2 concentration within brain peroxisomes to be calculated from the formula: [H2O2] = 6.6 pM + 5.6 ATA-1 X pM X [O2], where [O2] is the concentration of oxygen in ATA that the rats are breathing. Thus the H2O2 concentration in brains of rats exposed to room air is calculated to be about 7.7 pM, rises 60% when O2 tension is increased to 100% O2, and increases 300% at 3 ATA 100% O2, where symptoms of central nervous system toxicity first become apparent. These studies support the concept that H2O2 is an important mediator of O2-induced injury to the central nervous system.

Amitrole↗
PubMed1987

Positive intratympanic pressure in the morning and its etiology.

Intratympanic pressures were measured by tympanometer in forty ears free from disease. In the recumbent position, the first tympanogram was obtained in the morning at awakening, before swallowing. The second pressure measurement was performed in the upright position after swallowing and chewing. Twenty-two ears showed positive pressure in the middle ear before swallowing and decreased pressure after swallowing. The present results revealed no evidence of continuous gas absorption from the middle ear during sleep. The other experiment demonstrated that raising of the PCO2 level by hypoventilation increased the pressure in the middle ear. The results suggested indirectly a diffusion of carbon dioxide to the middle ear cavity from its surrounding tissue. The intratympanic pressure seems limited in part to the partial pressure gradient of gases between the middle ear cavity and its surrounding tissue when ventilation through the Eustachian tube is impaired.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of serum NSE and CEA in primary lung cancer patients].

The clinical value of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) as a tumor marker was evaluated in comparison with simultaneously measured serum CEA, using 74 cases of lung cancers, 13 cases of non-tumorous and non-neurological disease and 28 normal volunteers. The results obtained were as follows: Thirty-five out of the 74 lung cancer cases showed positive serum NSE levels. However, none of the cases of non-tumorous, non-neurological disease and normal volunteers demonstrated more than 10ng/ml NSE which was significantly different from the results of lung cancer cases. We found a higher degree of NSE positiveness in cases of small cell carcinoma than in cases of other histological types. However, no obvious difference of CEA positiveness between any histological types was revealed. Both serum NSE and CEA showed an increase in positive rate in parallel with the progress of stages, including 80.4% of cases of stages III and IV disease which had positive serum levels of both or either of the two markers. However, we could not find any obvious correlation between serum NSE and CEA. The serum levels of both markers clearly decreased after surgery, serum CEA level being considered to be a better reflection of host tumor burden than NSE. In conclusion, the simultaneous testing of serum NSE and CEA is considered to be very useful for evaluating the clinical course or the effect of cancer therapy in lung cancer patients, with higher specificity and sensitivity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on coccidiosis in guinea pigs. 1. Clinico-pathological observation].

Clinico-pathological and parasitological studies have been performed on spontaneous and experimental coccidiosis in guinea pigs. Among 11,244 Hartley guinea pigs purchased from suppliers during 1968, 410 (3.6%) of the animals had diarrhea due to coccidiosis. The incidence rate was high in the spring and fall with a mortality rate of 14.4 per cent. A particularly high number of fatal cases were found in the spring. In experimentally induced coccidiosis, clinical signs observed were diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss and death. The diarrhea developed in all animals on the eleventh day after infection and continued for one to five days. Food and water intakes were markedly reduced after the appearance of diarrhea, followed by anorexia and dehydration. Correlating with the appearance of diarrhea was a striking drop in body weight of the guinea pigs. Death usually occurred on the third to fifth day after the onset of diarrhea. The mortality rate was 30 per cent. The major macroscopic findings were characterized by a markedly thickened wall from the ascending to the descending colon and gelatinous edema of the mesenterium of the spiral of the ascending colon. Histologically, there was marked hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelium in the colon and numerous coccidia at different stages of development within the mucus membrane. In the advanced stages of the disease, there was degeneration and desquamation of the epithelia, marked edematous change and infiltration of neutrophil leukocytes and lymphocytes into the lamina propria and submucosa, many oocysts in the lumen of the intestine and in the intestinal glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on coccidiosis in guinea pigs. 2. Epizootiological survey].

An epizootiological survey has been carried out on naturally occurring coccidiosis in Hartley guinea pigs (weight, 250g) purchased by the National Institute of Health, Tokyo during the period 1964 to 1982. Coccidial infections in breeding colonies of guinea pigs were observed very frequently in weaned animals but scarcely in adult and suckling animals. Oocysts of Eimeria caviae were detected in 53.8% of the 7,162 fecal samples collected from transportation boxes and coccidiosis occurred in 39% of the 1,461 dead or culled animals obtained during the routine one week quarantine period. In the period 1964 to 1971, particularly high rates of prevalence of oocysts, between 55-86%, and incidence of coccidiosis, between 55-76%, were observed. These rates were clearly reduced in the period 1972 to 1982, with a lower rate of isolation of oocysts ranging from 14-48% and les than 20% incidence of coccidiosis (except in 1981 and 1982). The monthly fluctuation of occurrence rates of oocysts and clinical coccidiosis differed over the period of study. From 1964 to 1971, the high prevalence of oocysts was consistently observed accompanied by a bimodal pattern of incidence of coccidiosis in April (85%) and October (78%). In the period 1972 to 1982, both parameters showed a single peak, for prevalence of oocysts in June (60.7%) and for incidence of coccidiosis in May (45%). Oocysts in feces disappeared in February and March and coccidiosis occurred irregularly in 1981 and 1982.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1985

[Occurrence of sick animals in conventional guinea pigs obtained from commercial breeders during 1964 to 1982].

A quarantine was performed on conventional Hartley guinea pigs free from Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Salmonella spp., but infected with Eimeria caviae, which were purchased from twenty-five commercial breeders by the National Institute of Health. Physical examinations revealed an incidence of 0.88 per cent or 1,461 sick animals in 166, 050 guinea pigs quarantined during the period 1964 to 1982. The result obtained showed the following significant differences between the periods 1964 to 1971 and 1972 to 1982: Annual incidence of sick animals in the period 1972 to 1982 increased twice as many as 0.56 to 0.81 per cent during the 1964 to 1971, and monthly incidence showed bimodal occurrence at April and October in the former period but continual occurrence from November to April in the latter period. Major clinical signs in the former period were death and diarrhea, which occurred usually within a week after arrival of the guinea pigs at our institute and caused significant decrease of body weight, but those in the latter period were retarded growth and weakness which became detectable during 1-3 weeks after arrival of the animals. Discussions were made on possible reasons concerning the differences in incidence of sick animals during the two periods.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Hyperoxia enhances lung and liver nuclear superoxide generation.

Porcine lung and liver nuclei generated superoxide (O-2) at a rate which increased with increasing oxygen concentration. NADH-dependent O-2 generation increased from 0 to 2.21 +/- 0.11 nmol/min per mg protein for lung nuclei and from 0.16 +/- 0.09 to 1.34 +/- 0.14 nmol/min per mg protein for liver nuclei, when oxygen concentration increased from 0 to 100%. NADPH-dependent O-2 generation increased similarly in liver nuclei (from 0.20 +/- 0.09 to 1.20 +/- 0.12 nmol/min per mg protein), while lung nuclei produced only 0.45 +/- 0.09 nmol/min per mg protein at 100% oxygen. NADH and NADPH had an additive effect on O-2 generation by liver nuclei, yielding 2.58 +/- 0.21 nmol/min per mg protein at 100% oxygen. Very little or no superoxide dismutase activity was present in washed nuclear preparations. The oxygen-dependence of nuclear O-2 generation shows that nuclear-derived partially reduced species of oxygen may affect nuclear function during hyperoxia or other metabolic situations where overproduction of oxygen radicals is problematic.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1984

Liposome-mediated augmentation of brain SOD and catalase inhibits CNS O2 toxicity.

Enzymes specific for O-2 and H2O2 metabolism [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase] can be delivered to the rat brain following entrapment in liposomes and intravenous injection and will protect against hyperbaric O2-induced convulsions in rats. Liposome-mediated superoxide dismutase and catalase augmentation of brain enzyme activity was 2.7-fold and 1.9-fold, respectively, 15 min after intravenous injection of superoxide dismutase plus catalase-entrapped liposomes. Rats treated with liposomes containing superoxide dismutase plus catalase 2 h before 6 ATA 100% O2 exposure had the time to convulsion extended three times that of controls. This protective effect was dose-dependent and was primarily due to augmentation of catalase activity. These findings show O-2 and H2O2 are important mediators of hyperbaric O2-induced central nervous system toxicity and that liposome-mediated augmentation of brain antioxidant enzymes has a biological effect.

Animals↗