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Biomedical subjects

U Albrechtsson

Publications and source records attributed to U Albrechtsson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction assessed by radionuclide angiocardiography, echocardiography and contrast angiocardiography.

The left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) obtained by first pass radionuclide angiocardiography was compared with that determined by contrast angiocardiography in 49 patients. In 35 of the patients a comparison with the EF obtained by M-mode echocardiography was also made. The EF echo was determined in two ways, from the standard cube formula and the regression equation suggested by Teichholz for left ventricular volume calculations. The latter formula gave an average EF closer to the average EF obtained by isotope technique and cineangiography and was therefore used in the comparison study. Measurements of EF by isotope technique and echocardiography correlated well (r = 0.78). The correlation between these two noninvasive methods for EF determination and their cineangiographic counterpart was almost identical (r = 0.72--0.74).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fine-needle biopsy of chest lesions.

The results are presented of transthoracic, mainly fine-needle biopsies in 500 patients. The procedure was carried out under biplane fluoroscopic control. The overall accuracy was 89% in establishing malignancy for lung lesions (93% for lesions with a diameter greater than 20 mm and 71% for lesions less than 20 mm diameter). Biopsies were done on pleural lesions and mediastinal lesions with an accuracy of 76% and 83%, respectively. The complications were few: a pleural tube was needed in only 2% of the patients and one patient died. Inadequate material was attained from small peripheral lesions (diameter less than 20 mm) in 24% of the patients, so efforts should be made to improve the method in this respect.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Streptokinase treatment of deep venous thrombosis and the postthrombotic syndrome. Follow-up evaluation of venous function.

The conditions of 35 patients with deep venous thrombosis treated with streptokinase were reevaluated after a mean of 29 months with clinical examination, venous plethysmography, foot volumetry, phlebography (28 patients) and femoral vein pressure measurement (24 patients). At follow-up, 25 patients (71%) had symptoms and 22 (63%) had signs of venous insufficiency. Plethysmography was abnormal in 29 patients (83%) and foot volumetry in 25 (72%). Only two (6%) of the patients had normal plethysmography and foot volumetry and were free from symptoms and signs. No leg ulcer or severe postthrombotic syndrome was found. Phlebography showed that no patient had a normal deep venous system. Six of earlier thrombotic iliac veins (38%) and femoral veins 14 (48%), respectively, remained occluded. Increased femoral venous pressure, more pronounced during and after exercise, was found when iliac vein was diseased. Our results emphasize the importance of functional evaluation of the patient with a postthrombotic leg.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Complications secondary to thrombectomy with the Fogarty balloon catheter.

Thrombectomy performed with the Fogarty balloon catheter may, in a small percentage of cases, give rise to complications. In four cases reviewed, this procedure was associated with aneurysms or arteriovenous fistulae. Careful catheter manipulation and a judicious use of fluoroscopy or angiography during the procedure can reduce the number of such complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Femoral vein pressure measurements for evaluation of venous function in patients with postthrombotic iliac veins.

Fifty patients with postthrombotic disease were examined by phlebography and by bilateral femoral vein pressure measurements. The degree of obstruction to venous flow was best evaluated by measuring the pressure elevation and pressure difference after exercise and the time required for these parameters to return to pre-exercise levels; pressures during rest and exercise were less conclusive indicators of obstruction. Good correspondence was found between femoral vein pressure and the severity of postthrombotic symptoms, while phleboraphy provided largely morphologic, rather than functional, information. We, therefore, consider it important to determine femoral vein pressure during and after exercise to evaluate the significance of postthrombotic iliac vein disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of coronary artery bypass graft patency with computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) has enabled noninvasive evaluation of coronary bypass graft patency. Thirty-three patients operated on with 75 venous coronary bypass grafts were studied in the early postoperative period. Scans were taken with geometric magnification with a field of view of 16 or 24 cm, which gave a high spatial resolution. In 12 patients, complementary angiography was performed, which demonstrated occlusion of six of the grafts. Blind review of the CT examinations demonstrated 67 out of 70 patent grafts (96%).

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomography in preoperative staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.

Thirty-five patients with non-oat-cell primary bronchogenic carcinoma were studied with computed tomography (CT) and retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the usefulness of CT in the preoperative staging. All patients underwent mediastinoscopy, and those with a negative exploration were referred for thoracotomy. Computed tomography demonstrated lymph nodes in 31 patients, 17 of them having nodes larger than 1 cm. Malignant involvement of lymph nodes was present in only 2 of these 17 patients. However, nodal involvement was present in five of the patients with lymph nodes less than 1 cm in diameter. Nine out of 10 patients who proved unresectable at thoracotomy were correctly evaluated at CT. Five additional patients were incorrectly presumed to be unresectable. The use of CT for staging of primary lung tumors, therefore, needs further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A modified 125I-fibrinogen technique in suspected deep vein thrombosis. A comparison with plethysmography and phlebography.

The diagnostic efficiencies of a modified 125I-fibrinogen uptake test (FUT), venous strain gauge plethysmography, and the routine report on phlebography were compared in 301 consecutive patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the leg. A keen, independent review of the phlebography films was used as the reference method. The FUT detected 62% of all thrombi after one hour, 71% after one day, and 98% after two days. False positive results were, however, found after two days in 52% of all patients without DVT. Plethysmography revealed 63% of the thrombi and was falsely positive in 23% of patients without DVT. The routine examination of phlebography films revealed only 86% of the thrombi seen at the final independent review. The routine report was falsely positive in 6% of patients without thrombi. Consequently, the modified FUT is a useful screening test; at one hour it was equally sensitive to DVT as plethysmography and after two days it excluded DVT with a significantly better sensitivity than the routine report on phlebography. Drawbacks of FUT are the delay of the diagnosis in some patients and the low specificity. In patients with a pathological FUT, further investigation is often required. Plethysmography is not recommended as a screening test, since it lacks both sensitivity and specificity.

False Positive Reactions↗
PubMed1979

The portal vein as collateral in inferior vena cava obstruction.

In five patients with obstruction of the inferior vena cava, collateral flow to the portal vein was demonstrated. Although there are many reports on caval occlusion, only 21 cases with this collateral circulation pattern have been reported. The reasons for this are most likely technical: To demonstrate this circulation, a large volume of contrast medium must be used and, because of the low flow velocity in the numerous wide collaterals, delayed films are also necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Thrombosis after phlebography: a comparison of two contrast media.

In two studies 267 consecutive patients with suspected leg vein thrombosis were examined by an 125I-fibrinogen uptake test (125I-FUT) and by phlebography. The ionic meglumine calcium metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) was used as the phlebographic contrast medium in 161 patients, and the non-ionic metrizamide (Amipaque) was used in 106. In these two groups 47 and 41 patients, respectively, had normal phlebograms as well as an initially normal 125I-FUT. After phlebography 29 (62%) of the patients who had received meglumine metrizoate had a significant rise in fibrinogen uptake, while such a rise was not found in patients examined with metrizamide. Repeat phlebography showed fresh deep-vein thrombosis in seven of the nine patients with increased uptake, indicating a complication rate of 48%. Consequently, we now use metrizamide in leg phlebogrphy; because of its expense a radioisotope test is employed as a screening procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Thrombosis following phlebography with ionic and non-ionic contrast media.

The side-effects at phlebography of the lower limb were evaluated using an ionic contrast medium, meglumine-metrizoate, and a non-ionic contrast medium, metrizamide. A post-phlebographic accumulation of 125I-fibrinogen was found in 6 patients examined with meglumine-metrizoate indicating a post-phlebographic thrombosis. Ten patients were examined with metrizamide with no post-phlebographic increase in 125I-fibrinogen uptake. Though the groups are small the difference is statistically significant at the 0.2 per cent level.

Fibrinogen↗
PubMed1979

Side-effects at phlebography with ionized and non-ionized contrast medium.

In two studies 267 consecutive patients with suspected venous thrombosis were examined 125I-fibrinogen uptake test at phebography. In 161 patients meglumine metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) and in 106 patients metrizamide (Amipaque) was used as contrast medium. The quality of the examinations was equal in the two groups. During the examinations most of the patients examined with meglumine metrizoate had symptoms from the calf described as a cramp-like pain. Only few of the patients examined with metrizamide had such symptoms. In the two groups 47 patients examined with meglumine metrizoate and 41 examined with metrizamide had normal phlebography as well as initially normal 125I-fibrinogen uptake test. After phlebography, 29 of the patients in the first group had a significant rise in fibrinogen uptake while such a rise was not found in patients from the second group. Rephlebography showed fresh deep vein thrombosis in 7 out of 9 patients examined with meglumine metrizoate indicating that thrombosis could be provoked in as many as about half the patients with this high osmolar contrast medium. We have now used metrizamide in about 400 patients without any side-effects.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Angiography in reticulum cell sarcoma.

Angiography was performed in 14 patients with reticulum cell sarcoma. When located in the retroperitoneal tissues, the spleen or the pancreas, the tumor is hypervascular with encasement of arteries and compression or invasion of veins. Tumors of the kidneys may have a similar appearance. A gastric tumor displays slight abnormalities, mainly hypervascularity, the lesion being better demonstrated by barium examination. A case of reticulum cell sarcoma in the small bowel demonstrated arterial encasement and arteriovenous shunting.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Thrombotic side-effects of lower-limb phlebography.

In 20 of 61 patients with initially normal phlebograms, uptake of 125I-labelled fibrinogen subsequently increased. In 4 (7%) cases, independent examinations (pulmonary scintigram or a new phlebogram) demonstrated a thromboembolic or thrombotic process. These results suggest that thrombosis and embolism may be caused by phlebography.

Adult↗