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Biomedical subjects

U Ganzer

Publications and source records attributed to U Ganzer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Demonstration of IgE associated cells in atopic nasal mucosa using the immunoperoxidase method].

IgE-associated cells in the specimens of 25 allergic and non-allergic subjects were stained by the peroxidase technique with the use of a polyclonal antiserum. The technique is described and its advantages over the immunofluorescence procedures are shown. In each allergic subject IgE-associated cells could be stained, whereas no cells could be found in non-atopic subjects after suppressing non-specific background staining (Fig. 4). Therefore, this method allows to distinguish between IgE-mediated allergic diseases of the nasal mucosa and diseases of other pathomechanisms. The stained cells formed a specific distribution pattern with a typical accumulation in the subepithelial and epithelial layer (Fig. 2), whereas only few cells were found in the mucosal glands.

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1986

[Indications and results of transdiaphragmatic stomach transposition (without thoracotomy) in advanced hypopharyngeal and esophageal cancer].

During the period between 1980 and 1985 the technique of pharyngo-oesophageal reconstruction with gastric pull up was used in 7 late-stage cases with carcinomas of the hypopharynx and cervical oesophagus. In one patient the colon was connected with the pharynx. Oral ingestion of food was achieved 3 weeks after operation in 7 patients. The blunt dissection method of the oesophagus allowed a radical resection of the tumor as well as a one-step reconstruction of the nutritional pathway. Palliative therapy is often achieved. The significance of the operation should be evaluated both from the viewpoint of the length of survival as well as of the palliative purpose desired.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Synchronization therapy as a palliative measure in incurable head and neck tumors].

Despite all progress in the therapy of malignant head and neck tumours, about 50% of our patients succumb to their carcinoma or its metastases. For these patients, palliative measures which, at least temporarily, will improve their general condition and the function of respiration as well as food intake, are missing. One, and at the presents perhaps the best, palliative therapy seems to be the so-called synchronization therapy. This therapeutic concept will be discussed here in consideration of experimental basic research and the clinical results. Radiation treatment after partial synchronization of the tumour cells leads with acceptable side effects in more than a half of all cases to a satisfactory or good general condition and food intake, and in nearly one-third of the patients to a distinct prolongation of their life under tolerable circumstances. Additionally, the abatement of tumorous pain and the possibility of ingestion give rise to a clear improvement of the psychic situation of the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Metal plate osteosynthesis and follow-up irradiation. An animal experiment study].

Osteosynthesis by titanium plates represents a versatile tool for immediate rehabilitation in head and neck oncologic surgery. If followed by radiation therapy, however, plate rejection and bone necrosis may be the result, as dose increases have been shown at the critical tissue-metal interface. Therefore an experimental study on rabbits was conducted to examine the effect of a 60 Gy radiation therapy after titanium plate osteosynthesis of the femur. Histologic examination showed no impairment of the radiated bone; all plates and screws were fixed closely by healthy bone tissue. Therefore, titanium plate osteosynthesis, followed by radiation therapy, seems to be possible; scrupulous observation of some modalities concerning radiation therapy as well as operative technique is, however, recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Modern treatment strategies in head and neck tumors in childhood and adolescence--a review].

Although malignant tumours are essentially less frequent in childhood than in adults, they also rank second among the causes of death in the first 16 years of life. In contrast to the squamous cell carcinomas of the adult, malignancies of the young are of embryogenic or haematogenic origin, or are sarcomas, and in 80% of the cases regional or distant metastases are probable. On the other hand they are usually highly sensitive to cytotoxic drugs and radiation treatment. Basing on our own patient material of the last 10 years (a total of 502 tumours, including 50 head and neck malignancies), the formation of metastases, some diagnostic criterias and especially current therapeutic schedules are discussed and illustrated. The present combined modalities of treatment including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy as well as "prophylaxis of the central nervous system", have contributed to a fundamental increase in survival. For the most important malignancies in childhood, 3-year survival rates of more than 60% may be expected. These healing rates have become possible only by a interdisciplinary treatment in which the otorhinologist , the radiotherapist and the paediatric oncologist participate. In head and neck tumours of the young the otorhinologist must establish the diagnosis clinically and by biopsy and, if possible, surgically remove the tumour. Finally, he is also responsible for careful follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Operative approach to the retromaxillary space].

From 1977-1982 we observed 59 tumours involving the retromaxillary fossa. The primary site, direction of spread and histology are described. In selecting one of the various approaches to this anatomical region it is necessary to distinguish between tumours which have invaded the retromaxillary fossa secondarily and those which have developed primarily within it. The importance of the transfacial premaxillary approach for the latter group is shown.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Critical remarks on the role of collagenolytic enzymes in carcinomas of the head and neck.

Collagenolytic activity of eight squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck as well as xenografts of such tumors in nude mice was investigated by two different methods. High enzyme activities seem to be present in necrotic tumor areas, whereas the germinative zones tend to show lower collagenase levels. There is experimental evidence for the assumption of a collagen-stabilizing factor (CSF). A hypothetic concept including the results of other authors is developed concerning the role of collagenase in infiltrative growth of malignant tumors. The greater part of these questions being unanswered, further studies on collagenolytic activity in malignancy will be necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of tumor size on lymph node metastasis and type of treatment on the prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer].

A retrospective follow-up examination of 117 cases results in: (1) The crude survival rates for 3 resp. 5 years are 19% resp. 15%. If those patients whose cause of death has not been the tumour, are taken into consideration, the crude survival increases to 44.5 resp. 31%. The unfavourable prognosis depends on the enlarged stage of the carcinomas in the moment of diagnosis. (2) The survival chance decreases with increasing tumor size. Much more however it will be affected by the neck node metastases. In our patients the survival rate for pN 1-3 is less by half of pN 0. Therefore not only the TNM-system (UICC) but also the staging (AJC) should be used for the classification of hypopharyngeal carcinomas. (3) The main cause of death are lymph node relapses. The high frequency of contralateral node relapses requires bilateral neck dissection in most of the cases. (4) Combined radio-surgery gives the best results in cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma, no matter if radiation will be applied pre- or postoperatively. (5) Radiation alone may be useful only in tumours of stage IV. In our opinion, mutilating surgical intervention will not improve the survival chance in these cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Combined radiosurgical treatment of advanced carcinoma of the larynx (T3-4 NO-3). A retrospective comparison between sandwich technique and post-operative irradiation (author's transl)].

From 379 cases of laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas we picked out the T3-4 NO-3 tumors and proved whether the sandwich technique or the postoperative irradiation will give the better 5 year survival rates. For supraglottic carcinomas the 5 year survival rate is 59.9% after sandwich therapy and 53.0% after post-operative irradiation. In advanced glottic and hypopharyngeal cancers the prognosis does not depend on one of the both therapeutic schedules: the 5 year survival rate is 55.5% resp. 51.3% and 10.0% resp. 8.3%. Summarizing the carcinomas of all regions of the larynx, that is without the hypopharyngeal neoplasms, we got 54.6% after sandwich and 53.2% after post-operative irradiation. The statistical calculations demonstrate that the sandwich technique will improve the prognosis of supraglottic carcinomas distinctly. Radiotherapy alone in the treatment of advanced cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx is insufficient. The survival chance however depends essentially on the preoperative established lymph nodes. In our material the 5 year survival rate has been deteriorated by more than 25% in the case of N1-3.

Female↗
PubMed1981

[Problems in the therapeutic management of oropharyngeal carcinomas: the partial mandibulectomy (author's transl)].

In the treatment of advanced oropharyngeal carcinomas a partial mandibulectomy should be performed even if the bone itself is not seized with the tumor. This measure is not only efficient in view of radical surgery, but it also guarantees (1) defect closure without problems, (2) very safe follow-up examination and (3) the avoidance of osteoradionecrosis within the scope of postoperative irradiation. The disadvantage of this procedure, i.e. the disturbing of mastication can largely be repaired by a special defect prosthesis.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Autoradiographic investigations about the proliferation rate in different areas of human head and neck carcinomas.

Up to five biopsies from the margin of the cancerous area of 10 human laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas have been labeled in vitro and partly in vivo after xenotransplantation on thymus-aplastic nude mice. The question should be answered whether or not one single biopsys will represent the proliferation rate of the complete tumor. The results demonstrate that under consideration of the methodical source of error the DNA-synthesizing cells are distributed regularly in the periphery of the carcinomas. One biopsy, therefore, represents the proliferation rate of the whole tumor. This result is only valid for examining the labeling index but not, as discussed, for calculating, e.g., the length of single cell cycle phases. For this purpose, laboratory animals are necessary. The most suitable animals seem to be thymus-aplastic nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cell kinetic aspects of chemoradiotherapy in laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas.

Chemoradiotherapy is an established method in the therapeutic management of incurable laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas or recurrences. On principle two different schedules of chemoradiotherapy are available: (1) the synchronization therapy (irradiation subsequent to a subtoxic dose of 5-fluorouracil) and (2) the combined treatment with bleomycine and X-rays. The results of cell kinetic studies which have fundamentally contributed to our knowledge and understanding of these therapeutic schedules are discussed and the clinical results are demonstrated. The conclusion is drawn that the chemoradiotherapy cannot and shall not substitute the proved methods of surgery and radiotherapy. But in hopeless cases it lengthens the survival time and diminishes the excruciating pain of the tumor patient.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1979

[The transseptal-transsphenoidal approach to the pituitary gland--a common problem of otorhinolaryngology and neurosurgery (author's transl)].

Most of the hypophyseal adenomas can be removed by extracranial operation techniques. The ENT specialist prepares the approach to the pituitary gland while the neurosurgeon will resect the adenoma after having given the indication for this procedure. In this paper special attention is called to one of the extracranial techniques i.e. the sublabial-transseptal-transsphenoidal approach in hypophysectomy. It seems to be more advantageous than the other because the pituitary gland can be exactly removed oppositely. By that way the damage of the sinus, the carotid artery or the optic nerve can be avoided. The possibility of perforation of the nasal septum, deformation of the nose or atrophic rhinitis is of small importance especially if the otorhinologist will prepare the extracranial part of the operation. Moreover the neurosurgeon meets with a great and clear operation area because the anterior wall of the sella turcica can be resected extremely. Besides further advantages discussed in the paper the transseptal-transsphenoidal approach is rather simple, distinct and shortens the operation time.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[The transseptal-transsphenoidal approach in hypophysectomy (author's transl)].

The transseptal-transsphenoidal approach in hypophysectomy is more advantageous than all other accesses because the pituitary gland can be removed oppositely. By that way the damage of e.g. the optic nerve or the carotid artery can be avoided. The possiblity of perforation of the nasal septum, deformation of the tip of the nose or rhinitis sicca has only small importance. Moreover the neurosurgeon meets with a great and clear operating area because the anterior wall of the sella turcica can be resected extremely. The transseptal-transsphenoidal approach is simple, distinct and shortens the operation time.

Humans↗