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Biomedical subjects

U Jodal

Publications and source records attributed to U Jodal.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The immune response to urinary tract infections in childhood. I. Serological diagnosis of primary symptomatic infection in girls by indirect hemagglutination.

Determination of antibodies to E. Coli O antigen by indirect hemagglutination for detection of acute pyelonephritis was investigated in sequences of sera from 94 girls with their first known attack of symptomatic urinary tract infection. Using O antigen from the infecting bacterial strain or a standard strain increased antibody titres were found among pyelonephritis patients in 89% in unreduced sera (mainly 19 S antibodies) and in 81% in reduced sera (mainly 7 S antibodies) compared to a control material of 643 healthy children. Significant changes of these antibody titres occurred in 74 and 39% respectively. Analysis of maximal titres as well as titre changes in both unreduced and reduced sera showed diagnostically significant changes in two or more of these four parameters in 89% of patients with pyelonephritis. In contrast one parameter with such changes was found among the cystitis patients in only 5%. Employing a pool of 8 common O antigens, increased antibody titres were detected in 76% of patients with pyelonephritis. A larger pool of 68 antigens was no better and had a low capacity to detect 7 S antibodies. Optimal time for blood sampling was 2 to 3 weeks after onset of symptoms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibodies in human serum and milk induced by enterobacteria and food proteins.

Ingestion of Escherichia coli O83 bacteria by adults resulted in a transient irregular colonization leading to a serum antibody response in only four out of 14 cases examined. In all of three pregnant women, however, IgA antibodies against E. coli O83 antigen were released from colostral cells after similar bacterial ingestion although no serum antibody response was noted. The findings indicate a link between the antigenic exposure to the gut and secretory antibodies of the IgA class, presumably locally formed in the mammary gland. Antibodies of the secretory IgA class registered in colostrum may, at least partly, reflect the antigenic exposure of the gut. These antibodies are probably important in protecting against E. coli infections in the neonate, as suggested by the findings of antibodies in human milk against O and K antigens of non-enteropathogenic as well as enteropathogenic serotypes of E. coli. Furthermore, in milk of women from low socio-economic groups in Pakistan, neutralizing antibodies were present against enterotoxins of E. coli bacteria and occasionally against Vibrio cholerae enterotoxins. In addition, secretory IgA antibodies against food proteins were detected in human milk. This suggests that intestinal exposure to such antigens could stimulate a local immune response in the gut resulting in triggered lymphoid cells homing to the mammary gland. These human milk secretory IgA antibodies against bovine milk proteins may help to prevent cow's milk allergy in infants on mixed feeding, since these infants tend to have a lower serum antibody response to cow's milk proteins than infants fed mostly artificially. Furthermore, children suffering from cow's milk protein intolerance and gluten enteropathy may have higher serum levels of antibody to cow's milk protein antigens than normal children, possibly reflecting increased permeability of the intestinal mucosa for various antigens.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence and prognosis of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in children in a Swedish region.

Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in children 0 to 15 years old was studied retrospectively in a defined region of southwest Sweden from 1971 through 1980; 147 patients with culture-verified H. influenzae meningitis were found. Sixty-seven of them were younger than 18 months and would not have been protected by a purified H. influenzae b polysaccharide vaccine. The age-specific yearly incidence was 27 per 100,000 in the 0- to 4-year age group, 4 per 100,000 in the 5- to 9-year age group and 1 per 100,000 in the 10- to 15-year age group. Predisposing factors were found in only three patients. Two patients died, 3 developed severe neurological sequelae and 19 developed irreversible auditory impairment.

Adolescent↗