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Biomedical subjects

U Müller

Publications and source records attributed to U Müller.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The importance of antepartum cardiotocography.

The significance of antepartum cardiotocography was examined on patients at the University of Cologne in the years 1982 and 1983. We analyzed 13,310 cardiotocograms of 1,463 women and correlated their pregnancies and deliveries with the status of their newborns. There were only 66 suspect/prepathologic fetal heart rate recordings in 50 patients. All these patients had severe complications during their pregnancies. Impending prematurity, toxemia, first and second trimester bleeding as well as placental insufficiency and polyhydramnios were the leading complications. The analysis of the cardiotocograms using Hammacher's criteria demonstrated that the CTG characteristics "floating line" and "oscillation type" together accounted for the largest proportion (43.9%) to the total score and thus constituted the most important parameters. Fetuses with abnormal CTGs had a birthweight of less than 1500 grams in 30% of the cases. This group also had poorer Apgar scores and umbilical artery pH values than neonates with normal antepartum cardiotocograms. After excluding non-viable malformations the perinatal mortality was 80 per 1000, i.e. it was nine times higher for newborns with abnormal antepartum heart rate patterns. The study demonstrated that abnormal antepartum CTGs in non-selected patients are rare and are always associated with severe complications of pregnancy. Thus, the method is not suitable as a general screening method but should be used for specific indications in high risk pregnancies and for the evaluation of any tocolytic treatment. The recognition of abnormal CTG characteristics requires technically adequate recording and accurate analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1985

The first twelve amino acids of a yeast mitochondrial outer membrane protein can direct a nuclear-coded cytochrome oxidase subunit to the mitochondrial inner membrane.

We have used an in vivo complementation assay to test whether a given polypeptide sequence can direct an attached protein to the mitochondrial inner membrane. The host is a previously described yeast deletion mutant that lacks cytochrome oxidase subunit IV (an imported protein) and, thus neither assembles cytochrome oxidase in its mitochondrial inner membrane nor grows on the non-fermentable carbon source, glycerol. Growth on glycerol and cytochrome oxidase assembly are restored to the mutant if it is transformed with the gene encoding authentic subunit IV precursor, a protein carrying a 25-residue transient pre-sequence. No restoration is seen with a plasmid encoding a subunit IV precursor whose pre-sequence has been shortened to seven residues. Partial, but significant restoration is achieved by an artificial subunit IV precursor in which the authentic pre-sequence has been replaced by the first 12 amino acids of a 70-kd protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. If this dodecapeptide is fused to the amino terminus of mouse dihydrofolate reductase (a cytosolic protein), the resulting fusion protein is imported into the matrix of yeast mitochondria in vitro and in vivo. Import in vitro requires an energized inner membrane. We conclude that the extreme amino terminus of the 70-kd outer membrane protein can direct an attached protein across the mitochondrial inner membrane.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1985

In vivo studies of mucosal-serosal transfer in rat jejunum.

In anesthetized rats, the appearance rates of a series of labeled substances in jejunal venous blood (phi B) and serosal bath (phi S) were measured in vivo (intestinal blood flow rate 1.5 ml min-1 g-1) after intraluminal administration of 0.5 ml buffer solution (initial concentration 1 mmol/1 or 1 GBq/1 tritiated water) into a closed jejunal segment (length 4-5 cm). Between 32% (erythritol) and 93% (salicylic acid) of the administered activity (unchanged substance and possible metabolites) appeared in the intestinal venous blood within 60 min. The fraction recovered from the serosal bath after 15 (60) min was 11 (6)% for tritiated water, 7 (4)% for aniline, 3 (7)% for aminopyrine, 5 (4)% for butanol, 3 (3)% for benzyl alcohol, 2 (4)% for benzylamine, 1-2% for benzoic acid, theophylline, methyl-alpha-D -glucopyranoside, L-lysine, antipyrine, and urea, and less than 1% for L-phenylalanine, D-galactose, erythritol, and salicylic acid. During single pass perfusion of a jejunal segment (length 3-4 cm) the fraction of serosal transfer phi S/(phi B + phi S) was 19% for tritiated water, 4.9% for antipyrine, 0.5% for benzoic acid, and 0.08% for salicylic acid. Distension of the intestinal wall by administration of 1 ml buffer solution instead of 0.5 ml increased the appearance rate of benzoic acid and antipyrine in intestinal venous blood by a factor of 2 and serosal transfer by a factor of approximately 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ultrahistochemical localization of adenylate cyclase activity in the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata.

The lead pyrophosphate precipitation technique was used to visualize adenylate cyclase activity with the electron microscope in unfixed electric organ and synaptosomes of Torpedo marmorata, with special attention to presynaptic membranes. Specificity of the deposition of reaction product was ensured by using 5'-adenylyl imidodiphosphate as substrate and 5'-guanylyl imidodiphosphate and sodium fluoride as activators. Under suitable conditions a reaction product was deposited on the Schwann cell, on presynaptic vesicles, on the inner side of membranes of cisternae and on glycogen granules of the presynaptic region of the endplate. In some cases, a precipitate was also found on postsynaptic membranes of the synaptic cleft and on mitochondria. In isolated synaptosomes localization of the reaction product was identical with that of minced tissue. However, most strikingly, on presynaptic membranes no precipitate was ever found, neither in pieces of electric organ nor in isolated synaptosomes. Furthermore, the extended membrane system of the postsynaptic region of the electroplax remained always free of lead pyrophosphate precipitate.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1985

Isotypic and idiotypic characterization of anti-bee venom phospholipase A2 antibodies.

It was shown that anti-bee venom phospholipase A2 antibodies (anti-PLA) of bee keepers belong mainly to the IgG4 class. Furthermore anti-PLA of different individuals are idiotypically related to each other. This was shown by the binding of heterologous antiidiotypic antibodies, produced against anti-PLA IgG from single donors, to anti-PLA F(ab')2 of different individuals. Therefore, the anti-PLA response provides a human model to study the idiotypic regulation of isotypes in a defined system.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

A double blind study on immunotherapy with chemically modified honey bee venom: monomethoxy polyethylene glycol-coupled versus crude honey bee venom.

24 patients with honey bee sting allergy were treated with either honey bee venom (HBV) or monomethoxy polyethylene glycol-coupled HBV (PEG-HBV) in a double blind trial. Both treatments induced a strong increase in HBV-specific IgG antibodies in most patients. Immunotherapy with PEG-HBV was much better tolerated than that with HBV. Conversely, patients on HBV did considerably better during a sting challenge with a living honey bee. Only 4 developed a large local and one a mild systemic reaction compared to 7 large local and 3 moderate to severe systemic reactions in the PEG-HBV-group. A higher maintenance dose of PEG-HBV may still be well tolerated but prove more effective at reexposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A 70-kd protein of the yeast mitochondrial outer membrane is targeted and anchored via its extreme amino terminus.

The major 70-kd protein of the yeast mitochondrial outer membrane is made on cytosolic ribosomes and imported into the outer membrane without proteolytic cleavage. We have attempted to identify the sequences which target the protein to the mitochondria and which permanently anchor it to the lipid bilayer of the outer membrane. By manipulating the cloned gene we have deleted 13 different regions throughout the polypeptide; in addition, we have fused amino-terminal regions of different length to beta-galactosidase. Each altered gene was introduced into yeast and the intracellular fate of the corresponding polypeptide product was determined by subcellular fractionation. All the information for targeting and anchoring the 70-kd protein (617 amino acids) was contained within the amino-terminal 41 amino acids. When this entire region was deleted, the protein was recovered with the cytosol fraction. However, several restricted deletions within this amino-terminal region appeared to affect targeting and anchoring differentially: most of the altered protein remained in the cytosol but a small fraction was misrouted into the mitochondrial matrix space. We suggest that targeting is mediated by a region which includes the 11 amino-terminal amino acids whereas the permanent membrane anchor is provided by a typical transmembrane sequence between residues 9 and 38.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

[Significance of age, sex, kidney function, atopy and number of prescriptions for the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, studied by multivariate statistical methods. Results from the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)].

UNLABELLED: The influence of five factors (age, sex, renal function, atopy and number of drugs) on the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is analysed by multivariate statistical methods (loglinear models for contingency tables). The study is based on a total of 19,653 inpatients in the "Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)". RESULTS: 1. The risk of ADRs mainly increases with the number of drugs. 2. Increasing age and female sex are also confirmed as risk factors by these statistical methods. Reduced renal function (increased serum creatinine) is strongly correlated with advancing age. Renal function, however, yields more pertinent information on ADR risk than does age. 3. In atopic and non-atopic patients, the ADR risk is identical. In both groups of patients the same number of drugs was given. If the pathogenetic mechanisms of the ADRs (allergic or pharmacologic in the broad sense) are considered, it is found that atopic patients show a ratio of about 2:1 pharmacologic to allergic reactions, compared to about 3:1 in non-atopic subjects. A reduction in the incidence of ADRs is best attained by even more restricted use of drugs and better and earlier adaptation of drug dosage to diminished renal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Brain abscess--a possible complication of cerebral infarction?].

A 68-year-old man with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus suffered a stroke with hemiparesis. The ischemic infarction was demonstrated by computer assisted tomography and angiography. At the site of the original infarction a large brain abscess developed several months later and caused the patient's death. A secondary hematogenous infection of the necrotic area (in this case Staphylococcus aureus, probably from bronchiectasis) seems likely. Other cited case reports show that after cerebral necrosis of various origin the possibility of a secondary brain abscess should be considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Adult respiratory distress syndrome in extensive intra-alveolar metastasis of an amelanotic malignant melanoma].

The case is reported of a 26-year-old patient hospitalized after 6 days of coughing and dyspnea with the clinical picture of "adult respiratory distress syndrome" (ARDS). In spite of intensive therapeutic efforts, death ensued within a few weeks. Autopsy revealed widespread intraalveolar metastases of a hitherto unrecognized amelanotic malignant melanoma of the back. Further metastases were only detected in intrathoracic lymph nodes and in the myocardium. A possible relationship between this unusual pattern of metastasis and previous abuse of nicotine, alcohol and hashish, as well as coexisting hypogammaglobulinemia, is discussed. It appears that widespread intrapulmonary metastasis must be considered one of the possible causes of ARDS.

Adult↗