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Biomedical subjects

U Roessmann

Publications and source records attributed to U Roessmann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Immunohistochemical localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein in human glial neoplasms.

The presence and distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in fixed, paraffin embedded tissue were studied in 85 human intracranial neoplasms, using the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method. In some cases, indirect immunofluorescence of frozen sections was used as well. In normal tissue, only the cell processes and perikarya of fibrous astrocytes were stained. Immunostaining was also observed in the following glial neoplasms: astrocytomas (all varieties), astroblastoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, subependymoma, glioblastoma multiforme and ependymoma. The astrocytic elements of mixed gliomas and of medulloblastomas undergoing glial differentiation were likewise strongly stained. In contrast, oligodendrogliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, sarcomas, lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas were negative. Either a perikaryal or a diffuse fibrillary staining pattern was observed. Combination of the two patterns occasionally occurred. The perikaryal staining was prominent in gemistocytic astrocytomas and in astroblastomas. A distinct negative correlation existed between the degree of anaplasia and the intensity of immunostaining.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1980

Parkinson disease, dementia, and Alzheimer disease: clinicopathological correlations.

Clinical records and neuropathological specimens from 36 patients with autopsy-demonstrated idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) were reviewed independently and the results compared. Nine (31%) of the 29 patients with adequate clinical data had severe dementia and 7 (24%) had mild dementia. The cerebral cortex showed senile plaques and fibrillary tangles in 15 of the 36 patients (42%). These changes were found in all 9 patients with severe dementia, in 3 of the 7 with mild dementia, and in 3 of the 13 patients with normal mental status. The prevalence of pathologically established Alzheimer changes and dementia among the patients with PD (33%) was over six times that found in an age-matched population (5.1%). Survival after the onset of PD with Alzheimer disease was shorter than in PD without Alzheimer disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Immunofluorescence technique for rapid diagnosis of glial tumors.

A technique for rapid diagnosis of astroglial and ependymal glial neoplasms is presented. Frozen sections are processed for immunofluorescence using anti-serum raised against the glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein. The entire procedure requires 10--15 minutes. The technique is useful for the rapid identification of neoplasms of astroglial and ependymal lineage.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Remote effect of malignancy on the nervous system in children.

A 13-year-old boy with Hodgkin's disease developed acute polyneuropathy and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Sural nerve biopsy and postmortem examination demonstrated no metastatic involvement and a lack of cellular inflammatory infiltration in the nervous system. There was significant axonal degeneration in peripheral nerves and the dorsal funiculus. These findings suggest a non-metastatic polyneuropathy associated with Hodgkin's disease, and similar cases, predominantly in adult patients, have been reported. This case emphasizes the occurrence of a paraneoplastic syndrome in children, though such syndromes appear to be rare compared with adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery associated with birth trauma.

After birth trauma, an infant had middle cerebral artery thrombosis, proved at autopsy. Unusual forces exerted on the head and neck at the time of attempted high forceps delivery damaged the inner layers of the right middle cerebral artery, which led to thrombosis and infarction.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age.

The weights of fresh brains obtained at consecutive autopsies over a period of five years were reviewed. Brains with lesions, such as large tumor, hemorrhage, infarct, or edema, were excluded. Analysis of the brain weight of 1,261 subjects, aged 25 to 80 years, show that the mean brain weight decreases in order from white men to black men to white women to black women. These differences are statistically significant and become apparent at age 6 years. The rate of decrease for the brain weight after age 25 years is highest for white men, followed by black women, white women, and black men, and, except that between white men and white women, the differences are statistically insignificant. Contrary to earlier reports, the mass decreases rapidly after age 80 years. In evaluating an individual brain weight, it is important to compare it with the norm for each subgroup of a given age.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of brain weight. II. Adult brain weight in relation to body height, weight, and surface area.

Analysis of 1,261 adult subjects, ages 25 to 80 years, showed that there is a positive relationship between the brain weight and the body dimensions. The brain weight, however, increases at a slower rate than the body dimensions. There is indication that only a small portion of the brain varies with variation in the body dimensions. Among parameters, the brain weight correlates best with the body surface area, followed by the body height and body weight. The brain weight is related to the body weight partly because it increases with increasing height. When adjusted to body dimensions, the brain weight is greater for white men than for black men and for white women than for black men. Our study also shows that the loss of brain mass proceeds at a slightly faster rate than loss of body mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Agenesis of the corpus callosum: a study of the frequency of associated malformations.

Review of 11 cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum studied at our institution revealed a high incidence of associated anomalies. None patients had associated malformations of the central nervous system, 6 involving the pyramidal system. Eight cases were associated with malformations in the rest of the body. Review of completely examined cases from the literature yielded 47 examples of associated malformations. These were varied and without consistent pattern, with the possible exception of facial abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Apert's syndrome with central nervous system anomalies.

The pathologic anatomy of the central nervous system is described in a patient with Apert's syndrome. Multiple developmental anomalies of the brain were noted including disturbances of rhinencephalic organization. The association between maldevelopment of the rhinencephalon and the face is well known. Cranial vault malformations may also be associated with maldevelopment of the rhinencephalon.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗
PubMed1979

Vermian hematoma in a four-year-old child.

An unusual case of a vermian hematoma from the rupture of an angioma in a four-year-old child is presented. The lesion was treated successfully with complete recovery.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Hydranencephaly in vertebral-basilar territory.

A case is presented of almost complete destruction of the cerebellum secondary to a hemorrhagic event in utero. Lesions consistent with hydranencephaly were found in the territories of the vertebral-basilar circulation. Ependymitis and aqueduct occlusion secondary to the intraventricular bleeding resulted in intrauterine hydrocephalus formation.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1978

Kearns-Sayre syndrome with hypoparathyroidism.

The history, clinical findings, and postmortem examination of a patient with Kearns-Sayre syndrome are presented. In addition to the usuual symptoms, the patient also had hypoparathyroidism. There is increasing evidence that the syndrome is frequently associated with involvement ofthe endocrine system. Central nervous system involvement consists of a spongy encephalopathy.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

A morphologic study of intracerebral hemorrhage in a case of acute leukemia.

Morphologic studies have thus far failed to demonstrate the nature of the vessel involved in the brain hemorrhages of patients with acute leukemia. A detailed study of such hemorrhages was carried out in a patient with leukemic phase of mycosis fungoides. Plastic-embedded lesions showed that blast cells blocked the lumen of the capillary, leading to severe dilation and rupture of the vessel. The rheologic properties of blast cells in vessels of critical diameters seem to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhages.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Subependymoma: a case report with ultrastructural study.

A case history illustrating the potential clinical significance of subependymoma is presented. Fine structural studies indicate that the tumor is composed of cells having the cytoplasmic features of ependyma, astrocytes, and transitional cells. Its composition and structure are alike those in the adult mammalian subependymal layer.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Lower motor neuron disease with spinocerebellar degeneration.

A patient with polymyositis responded initially to steroid therapy. A muscle biopsy disclosed features of primary myopathy and group atrophy. The patient became refractory to therapy and died with relentlessly progressive weakness. The autopsy disclosed lower motor neuron involvement and degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts. There was loss of Purkinje cells, which may have occurred secondary to an anoxic episode prior to death. The case is unique because of the limited involvement of the lower motor and spinocerebellar systems.

Cerebellum↗
PubMed1977

Diffuse "anoxic" myelopathy.

Pathologic changes and distribution of lesions of the spinal cord were studied in 16 patients who suffered from "anoxic" episodes. The lesions were symmetrical and limited to the gray matter. The vulnerability of the spinal cord was most marked in the lumbosacral region, although almost every nucleus throughout the spinal cord was subject to damage.

Adolescent↗