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V B Noskov

Publications and source records attributed to V B Noskov.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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[Kidney function and the glucocorticoid activity of the adrenal cortex during immersion].

The paper presents the study of renal and adrenal function in six normal men during and after 3-day water immersion used as weightlessness simulation. The renal excretion of fluid, basic electrolytes, creatinine and total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-HOCS) for 24 hours and following a provocative water-load test (20 ml/kg) was measured. During the first post-immersion day diuresis increased by 77%, excretion of sodium by 42%, 17-HOCS by 43% and creatinine by 34% as compared to the pre-immersion level. Potassium excretion remained essentially unchanged. The circadian rhythm of excretion of the above substances was normal: at night the excretion decreased and in the morning increased noticeably. The study of renal function and adrenal activity was carried out 56 hours after the beginning of water immersion, using a provocative water-load test. Water excretory and osmoregulatory functions of kidneys, and glucocorticoid activity of adrenals remained normal. These data give evidence that during a 60 hour exposure to water immersion no functional hypocorticism develops.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
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[Tolerance of chest-to-back [+Gx] and head-to-feet [+Gx] acceleration in drug-induced hypohydration].

The effect of drug-induced hypohydration (furosemide, 40 mg per os) on the tolerance of chest-to-back (+Gx) and head-to-feet (+Gz) acceleration was investigated in 9 healthy male test subjects, aged 25-45 years. The test subjects were rotated in a 7.5 m arm centrifuge. The first exposure during which they were centrifuged at 4 G (+Gx and +Gz) served as a control. The second time they were exposed to centrifugation after diuretic administration. Prior to second exposure, the subjects showed increased diuresis (5.7 +/- 0.7 ml/min) and increased excretion of osmotically active compounds, including electrolytes. This led to a decrease of the circulating blood volume by 7.0 +/- 1.8% on an average. During centrifugation the following parameters were recorded: electrocardiogram, blood pressure in the arm and ear lobe vessels, ear pulsogram, and pneumogram. After diuretic intake +Gx tolerance remained essentially unchanged whereas +Gz tolerance was good but required greater efforts. It is concluded that moderate diuretic-induced hypohydration did not result in a drastic deterioration of acceleration tolerance.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of furosemide during ordinary life activities and during head-down tilt hypokinesia in a healthy subject].

The object of the work was comparative study of the characteristics of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the diuretic furosemide during ordinary vital activity of man and under conditions of antiorthostatic hypokinesia. Six practically healthy males were examined. They took part successively in two experimental series: series 1--during an ordinary motor regimen under ambulatory conditions; series 2--under conditions of antiorthostatic hypotension (ANOH, 12 degrees). In both series with absolute correspondence of the procedures and order of manipulations the subjects were given 40 mg furosemide per os, venous blood and urine were repeatedly tested, and the physiological data were recorded. In combined action of an antiorthostatic position of the body and the diuretic an additive effect was encountered, i.e., increased therapeutic effect of, furosemide. The blood serum electrolyte composition practically did not change in this case. After oral administration of 40 mg furosemide maximal concentration of the drug in the blood (977 +/- 151 ng/ml) was found on the average in a group in 1.3 +/- 0.2 h. The drug half-life period in this case was 1.1 +/- 0.4 h; total clearance was 24.7 +/- 2.8 liter/h, and the distribution volume was 33.7 +/- 12.7 liters. In maintenance of antiorthostasis furosemide pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics changed but the individual character of the dynamics of drug concentration in the blood persisted. No statistically significant differences in the mean group pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug during an ordinary motor regimen and in antiorthostatic hypokinesia were encountered. Furosemide given in antiorthostatic hypokinesia led to diminished filling of the upper and middle parts of the lungs with blood despite the attendant decrease in the tonus of the resistant vessels.

Adult↗