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Biomedical subjects

V Briese

Publications and source records attributed to V Briese.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Pre-conception counseling and pregnancy in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases--Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis].

Since chronic inflammatory diseases start to develop during the fertile years, the possibility of a mutual influence of pregnancy and bowel disease obviously must be considered. The knowledge about the interference between disease and pregnancy influences the management of pregnancy and delivery as well as of the disease itself. Intensive care, including genetic counseling, dietary management, and drug therapy ought to start even before pregnancy. In the care of the pregnant patient with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis corticosteroids and sulphasalazine may be used just as in the nonpregnant patient. An increased activity of the disease in the beginning of pregnancy causes high rates of prematurity, spontaneous abortions, and stillbirths. Frequency of defects in embryonic development varies between 0 and 4% and is even higher in severe cases of Crohn's disease. Prophylactic drug administration in pregnancy is not suitable to decrease the risk of exacerbation. Several studies revealed that the risk of exacerbation is not increased during pregnancy. Low activity in the onset of pregnancy is continued in 61%. Higher rates of abdominal and vaginal operative deliveries (26% in Crohn's disease) seems to be associated with active intervention on the base of activity indices.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1993

[HELLP syndrome in the 26th week of pregnancy].

The HELLP-syndrome is the most severe form of pre-eclampsia. Fetal and maternal life is threatened because of missing prodromi and sudden onset of complications. This case report describes the development of HELLP-syndrome in a 26 y/o G1P0 in the 26th week of gestation. Clinical signs and changes in laboratory parameters lead to the diagnosis. No hypertension was stated. The pregnancy was terminated by cesarean section resulting in a viable 900 g female newborn, who was transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit. The patient's condition stabilized quickly after the delivery, symptoms decreased within 4 days.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[New methods for diagnosing infection in pregnancy].

Maternal infections during pregnancy are of special relevance because of the risk of transmission to the fetus. Besides serological methods of diagnosing acute maternal infection, new approaches to assess fetal involvement have been made by invasive procedures, such as ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling or amniocentesis. The most relevant infections in pregnancy are briefly reviewed with their incidence, consequences of fetal infection, and standard diagnostic procedures. Immunological methods are handicapped by the immaturity of the fetal immune system; direct culture is complicated and time-consuming. The application of molecular biological methods to directly identify the RNA- or DNA-sequences of the infectious agent may be an alternative. Two methods, polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) and in-situ hybridization (ISH) are explained. Broad clinical use is still hindered by problems in specificity and quantitative accuracy. Nevertheless, successful diagnosis of most of the relevant infections in pregnancy by these molecular biological methods, is published, and discussed in a review of the recent literature.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Diabetes and pregnancy--optimal management].

Current classification, diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines of diabetes in pregnancy are briefly reviewed in this paper. Obstetricians mainly are confronted with the insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) prior to conception and during pregnancy. Intensive interdisciplinary co-operation is considered a prerequisite for treatment of the diabetic patient planning or carrying a pregnancy. The following subspecialties should work together in diabetic pregnant care: Reproductive Medicine incl. high-level endocrinological diagnostics, Diabetology with a teaching facility, and--within a perinatal center--an obstetric and neonatal department experienced in diabetic care. Preconceptional metabolic adjustment as well as surveillance of fetal and maternal condition during the first trimester of pregnancy are considered the mainstay in diabetic patient's care. Possible complications of diabetic pregnancy are described. Only in rare cases, pregnancy is contraindicated because of retino- or nephropathy. The screening program for gestational diabetes is based upon the patient's history, fasting-blood-glucose-levels, 50-g-oral-glucose-tolerance-test (OGTT) and a 24-h-blood-glucose-profile. Measurement of insulin levels in amniotic fluid are recommended for cases that remain yet undiagnosed.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1992

[Fetomaternal signal transduction by growth factors].

An attempt was made to review the current knowledge on the role of growth factors in the field of fetomaternal interaction. Of special interest was the relation between maternal T-lymphocytes and fetal growth. Stimulation of cytotrophoblast growth is effected by: IGF I/II (insulin-like growth factor), CSF-1 (colony stimulating factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), FGF (fibroblast growth factor), IL-1, IL-3 (Interleukin), PDGF (platelet derived growth factor). TNF (tumor necrosis factor) inhibits trophoblast cell growth. TNF is synthesized in both decidual and chronic cells. CSF-1 considered the most potent stimulator of the induction of trophoblast cell growth. Cytotrophoblast itself produces IGF I/II, EGF, PDGF, TGF (transforming growth factor). Furthermore, it is known that HCG-secretion is mainly stimulated by IL-1. Whereas intra- and paracrine mechanisms in the placenta will remain in the field of basic research for the next future, animal experiments proving the positive impact of IL-3 and GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor) on trophoblast growth should give reason for clinical investigations. It is assumed, that maternal T-lymphocytes realize paternally inherited alloantigenic structures resulting in local response of IL-3 and GM-CSF production.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1991

Serum concentration of secretory IgA during pregnancy and in gynaecological diseases affecting glands and mucosas.

Secretory IgA (S-IgA) was measured in serum samples from pregnant women by means of radial immunodiffusion according to Mancini with an antiserum against the secretory component and an S-IgA standard. The results neglect the differentiation in SC, S-IgA, and S-IgM. The study includes S-IgA serum levels during pregnancy and post partum as well as in patients with cervical carcinoma and inflammation of the genital tract. The S-IgA serum levels of pregnant women (2nd and 3rd trimester) and after delivery were increased significantly in comparison to nonpregnant women (p less than 0.01). The S-IgA levels in genital inflammation diseases and cervical carcinoma were only sometimes elevated. Pregnant women, 1st trimester: means = 40.0 mg/l (s = 12.2); pregnant women, 2nd trimester: means = 60.13 mg/l (s = 18.9); pregnant women, 3 rd trimester: means = 73.5 mg/l (s = 17.4); post partum: means = 77.5 mg/l (s = 29.52); cervical carcinoma: means = 41.9 mg/l (s = 17.3); adnexitis: means = 46.46 mg/l (s = 16.8); controls: means = 38.61 mg/l (s = 10.5). In a second part S-IgA could be estimated in serum samples of pregnant women by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels ranged from 7.1 mg/l to 19.3 mg/l in the 1st trimenon and from 16.8 mg/l to 82 mg/l in the 3rd trimenon (means = 11.72 mg/l; s = 4.419; n = 21 and means = 40.01 mg/l; s = 15.117; n = 60). This increasing was significant too (p less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Placental function test, clinical and biochemical parameters in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy.

The pregnancy in specific-beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) has been characterized as a beta 1 electrophoretic mobile glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 90,000 daltons. SP1 is known to be synthesized by the trophoblast. The measurement of this protein has been shown to be useful as a placental function test. At present, we have compared maternal SP1 serum levels in diabetic pregnancies between White classes A to D on the one hand and R, F on the other. A total of 37 uncomplicated pregnancies in healthy women and 32 of insulin-dependent pregnant diabetic women were examined between completed gestational weeks 8 and 41. In the diabetic group there were eleven women with diabetic retinopathy. Maternal SP1 serum levels were estimated by single radial immunodiffusion using a monospecific antiserum. In the results were integrated maternal and neonatal data such as glycemic control, glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin requirements. In each group there was a significant rise in maternal SP1 serum values in the second and the third trimester, when compared with values in the first trimester (p less than 0.01). Between the 34th and the 37th gestational week we found significantly lower SP1 values (p less than 0.05) in the retinopathic group (104.2 +/- 28.7 mg/l) in comparison with the control group (149.9 +/- 61.0 mg/l) and non-retinopathic group (139.1 +/- 41.7 mg/l).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Serum concentrations of pregnancy-associated alpha-2-glycoprotein in diabetic pregnancy complicated by nonfulminant and fulminant proliferative retinopathy.

The pregnancy zone protein serum concentration in normal pregnancy reaches its peak at about the 24th week. High serum PZ concentrations are significantly more frequent among pregnant diabetic patients without proliferative retinopathy. In contrast, the mean values in mothers with diabetes mellitus complicated by proliferative retinopathy continue to decrease. A very low limit of 150 mg/l was achieved more frequently in diabetic pregnancy complicated by fulminant proliferative retinopathy. Measurement of serum PZ levels in diabetic pregnancy might help to predict the risk of progressive retinopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Determination of placental protein 12 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 25) in pleural effusion of various origins].

It is reported on the possible role of the radioimmunological estimation of placental protein 12 (PP 12; insulin-like growth factor binding protein 25, IGF-BP 25) in pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer, with pleural carcinosis of extrathoracal carcinomas and benign pleural diseases, respectively. There are more PP 12, IGF-BP 25-positive cases at benign diseases than at carcinomas at all. It is discussed the possible importance of PP 12, IGF-BP 25 as a binding protein of growth factor s IGF-I and -II. The clinical validity should be analysed in more detail on the basis of the estimation of more patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Circulating levels of placental protein 12 (PP 12) in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy.

Placental protein 12 (PP 12) is a soluble tissue antigen. Immunohistochemical studies have localized PP 12 in the placental syncytiotrophoblast, chorion and amnion, and also in the decidua. During normal pregnancy serum-PP 12 is already raised in the first trimester, there is then a peak at 18 weeks, a gradual fall until 32 weeks, and a moderate increase thereafter. The mean of the healthy control group at 18 weeks of pregnancy was 122.9 +/- 47.5 micrograms/l. The mean of the diabetic group with retinopathy at the same time was 192.2 +/- 78.8 micrograms/l. There was no significant difference between background retinopathy and the proliferative form of diabetic retinopathy. At all times during pregnancy the median values of PP 12 in diabetic pregnancies were significantly (p less than 0.01) above the control values. Increased PP 12 levels in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy are probably caused by decidual, placental and amniotic leakages.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Circulating levels of placental protein 10 (PP 10) in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy.

Placental protein 10 (PP 10) is a soluble tissue antigen of the placenta. PP 10, a glycoprotein, was tested in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy. A continuous increase in PP 10 serum levels until weeks 35-36 is followed by a fall thereafter up to term. The mean of the healthy control group between 32 and 39 weeks gestation was 22 +/- 10 micrograms/l. In diabetic pregnancies complicated by retinopathy there were measured 69 +/- 24 micrograms/l in benign form and 77 +/- 26 micrograms/l in proliferative form. Both of these values are significantly (p less than 0.05) above the control values. Increased PP 10 levels in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy are probably caused by placental and amniotic leakages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Sialic acid concentrations in blood samples as well as in cyst and peritoneal fluid in patients with ovarian cysts and cystic ovarian tumors].

It should be solved the question if the estimation of the TSA-concentrations in various body fluids of patients with ovarian tumour like conditions (n = 11), and benign (n = 28) and malignant (n = 25) cystic ovarian tumours can be used as a tumour marker with an additional clinical information. The determination of the concentrations were carried out in blood sera, cyst and peritoneal fluids. The periodate-thiobarbituric acid-assay was used to measure the TSA-contents. The sensitivity of pre-therapy TSA-concentrations in serum for malignant cystic ovarian tumours is 0.59 at a prevalence of 0.55; the specificity has a value of 0.79. There is no improvement of clinical validity through a pre-therapy TSA/total protein (TP)-ratio in serum (sensitivity 0.41; specificity 0.71). There are no useful clinical data of simultaneous estimation in serum, tumour cystic and peritoneal fluids of the same patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Placental protein 12 (PP 12), a decidual protein, in pregnancy complicated by diabetes with retinopathy.

Placental protein 12 (IGF-bp/PP 12) is a soluble tissue antigen produced in the decidua. PP 12 was measured in the 3rd trimester of diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy. The mean values of the healthy control group between 28 and 34 and between 35 and 39 weeks gestation were 108 +/- 39 micrograms/l and 124 +/- 47 micrograms/l, respectively. The equivalent values in diabetic pregnancies complicated by retinopathy were 200 +/- 80 micrograms/l and 204 +/- 81 micrograms/l, respectively; both these PP 12 values were significantly (P less than 0.05) above the values in the control group. There was no significant difference between benign and proliferative retinopathy. The increased PP 12 levels in the presence of diabetic retinopathy are probably caused by decidual degeneration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Maternal serum AFP screening in type I diabetic patients].

The work is a clinical report of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) estimations in maternal serum samples of patients with an insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Venous blood samples for AFP estimations wer taken between the 14th and 20th week of pregnancy. In the first line the AFP detections support the diagnosis of open neural tube defects (NTD). On the other side low maternal AFP serum values are suspicious regarding to fetal forms of trisomia. In the present study a radioimmunological method (RIA) was used for AFP determinations (CIS, Paris, France). The acceptance of high AFP concentrations was effected by the 2.5 X median; low concentrations were detected by using the 0.4 X median and 10 micrograms/l respectively. In two cases (0.9%) we found high maternal AFP levels (greater than 2.5 X median). After clinical observation these levels had been caused by an abortion and gemini respectively. There was not any correlation between AFP and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), a standard parameter of metabolic control, and even no correlation to fetal macrosomia and diabetic fetopathia. Ther were no neural tube defects in the time of investigation. Regarding to relative large group of low AFP-levels without fetal chromosomal anomalies, these present results are directing to an enlarged screening programm of fetal forms of trisomia.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1989

[Placental protein 12 (PP 12)/insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGF-bp) in pregnancy in metabolically healthy patients and diabetic patients with retinopathy].

The placental protein 12 (PP 12) was found to be identical with the insulin like growth-factor binding protein (IGF-bp). In present investigations serum samples of 420 healthy pregnant women between 7th and 40th weeks of gestation were proved regarding to their IGF-bp concentrations by means of a radioimmunoassay. For each pregnancy week means and standard deviations were estimated. IGF-bp serum concentrations continuously increased up to the 18th week (140 +/- 40 micrograms/l); followed by decreasing of the values up to the 30th week (102 +/- 44 micrograms/l) and then slightly increased up to term (121 +/- 46 micrograms/l). In addition the IGF-bp estimations were performed in maternal serum samples of 45 diabetic pregnant women complicated by retinopathia diabetica benigna as well as proliferativa; sum total 101 serum samples. In patients with benign retinopathy 82% (12/68) and in patients of proliferative retinopathy 85% (5/33) of the IGF-bp values were increased above the two times standard deviation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Somatomedins--insulin-like growth factors].

Growth factors act after specific binding with cell membrane receptors, i.e. these factors mediate mitogenic signals. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) (syn.: somatomedins) as well as insulin have the same biological activity caused by structural homology. But under normal physiological conditions neither IGF I nor IGF II appear to be involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, in contrary to insulin IGFs have mostly mitogenic features. On the other side it is possible that under pathophysiological conditions hypoglycemic effects are caused by an increase of free IGF in the circulation. Insulin acts as a regulating factor in the GF-expression. IGF-I and IGF-II are different peptides especially regarding to their biological role. The synthesis of IGF-I secretion in the liver is dependent on growth hormone (GH). GH is secreted by the pituitary under the influence of the growth-hormone releasing factor (GHF) and is inhibited by somatostatin. In response to GH the liver secretes somatomedin which exerts negative feed back effects on the pituitary and stimulates somatostatin release. The IGF-synthesis is dependent on the human placental lactogen (HPL), i.e. IGF-II is mainly responsible for fetal development the estimation of the production of IGFs by the fetus supports investigations about fetal somatomedins to clear fetal growth retardations and diabetic macrosomia respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Sex steroids and the immune system].

Endocrine and immune system are strongly correlated. Hormonal contraceptive drugs influence humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity in different kind and in dependency of the relationships between estrogens and gestagens. At present most authors support the opinion that estrogens are responsible for immunosuppressive features. This review summarizes experimental and clinical reports.

Antibody Formation↗