Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V D Slepushkin.
Finding opiate receptors in the heart, definition of their role in contractility and blood flow regulation (2) as well as our previous data on the decrease of Leu-enkephalins contents in the blood of patients with myocardial infarction (5) are the theoretical prerequisites for the elucidation of the role of Leu-enkephalins in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction.
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The experiments on white rats with induced myocardial infarction have studied the influence of dalargin on the infarction size and peri-infarction zone ultrastructure. 24 hours later the decrease in the infarction zone size was detected in rats who had received dalargin in a dose of 50 and 100 micrograms/kg. In the peri-infarction zone the increase in glycogen quantity, the lower degree of lipid infiltration, the increase in mitochondrial number and mitochondrial energy effectiveness coefficient were noted, as compared to control animals. Sarcolemma of cardiomyocytes from the peri-infarction zone in rats on dalargin was impermeable for colloidal lanthanum. The decrease in the infarction size under the effect of dalargin is explained by its influence on the survival of cardiomyocytes in the peri-infarction zone.
The effect of opiate peptides (leu-enkephalin, met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin) as well as of enkephalin synthetic analogs (two tetrapeptides and dalargin hexapeptide) on the activity of blood enzymes CPK and LDG1, the scope of myocardial infarction and ultrastructure of periinfarction cardiomyocytes has been studied on 200 white outbred rats with simulated myocardial infarction. The endogenous opiate peptides and dalargin hexapeptide were found to significantly decrease CPK and LDG1 activity and to diminish the size of the infarction. The effect is related to the drugs influence on the survival of periinfarction cardiomyocytes that can be proved electron-microscopically and using colloid lanthanum test.
Polypeptides excreted from the heart have been shown to exert a positive influence on myocardial infarction caused by izadrin injection in experimental rats.
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The experiments were performed on 86 white male rats, weighing 180-220 g. The animals with traumatic shock revealed a decrease in ATP concentration and a rise in ADP and AMP levels in the brain cortex and hepatic tissue, resulting in the energy charge reduction. The injection of synthetic leu-enkephalin analog D-ala2-arg6-leu-enkephalin to animals with traumatic shock led to energy charge normalization in the brain cortex and increase in hepatic tissue. The mechanisms of enkephalin effect on the energy metabolism during shock are discussed.
A total of 32 CHD patients with angina pectoris of effort, functional class I-IV, aged 46 to 68 were examined. Eight patients with cervical osteochondrosis of the same age were controls. In CHD patients with angina pectoris, functional class I-II, the content of leu-enkephalin in the blood plasma did not differ from that in the control group whereas in patients with angina pectoris, functional class II-IV, it was lowered by 42%. In CHD patients aged 46 to 55 the level of leu-enkephalin in the blood plasma was raised, in the group of patients aged 55 to 68 it was considerably lowered.
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Altogether 78 patients with dysovarian cardiomyopathy were examined, of them in 19 patients the FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol and testosterone levels were studied. Function of the epiphysis was evaluated by melatonin excretion with urine in 46 patients. Correlation of the metabolism of sex hormones and function of the epiphysis was shown. It was assumed that the effect of disturbance of the metabolism of sex hormones on the myocardium was expressed in change of electrolyte metabolism. A new method was proposed for the diagnosis of dysovarian cardiomyopathy with the help of a pharmacological drug epithalamin whose administration returned the level of the gonadotropic hormones to normal and was accompanied by positive time course of a clinical picture of disease.
The experiments on white rats weighing 180-220 g have shown that in traumatic and hemorrhagic shock the initial increase in parathyroid hormone blood concentration is followed by the decrease of functional activity of parathyroid glands. Calcitonin concentration is found to increase during the first hours of shock. The changes in calcium-regulating gland function result in significant disturbances of calcium exchange during shock. The injection of synthetic leu-enkephalin analogs to rats with shock leads to normalization of calcium-regulating endocrine glands function.
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The effect of a synthetic analogue of encephalin was studied experimentally in 150 rabbits with neoepinephrine-induced myocardial necrosis to whom the drug was administered intravenously at the rate of 100 micrograms/kg, 1 and 6 hours later. Necrotic developments were assessed on the basis of MB CPK and LDH activity and myoglobin levels. Control animals received saline solutions or propranolol in equimolar doses. In encephalin-treated animals, enzyme activity and myoglobin values were significantly lower, an evidence of encephalins' favorable effect on the course of neoepinephrine-induced myocardial necrosis.