[The involvement of oxygen-derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of acute ischemia].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
V Dinu
Publications and source records attributed to V Dinu.
2-4-Dichloro-phenoxy-acetic acid interactions with the detoxification hepatic systems.
The present work has as aim to establish the interaction of 2-4-dichloro-phenoxy-acetic acid with the detoxification hepatic systems. The activation of the mixed function oxidase-system (MFOS) which converts the compound to a powerful arylating agent detoxified by glutathione-S-transferase was observed. The dose used do not overpass the cell adaptive capacity, tested by the serum enzymes activities, tissue lipid peroxides and glutathione concentration.
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
Study of fluticasone propionate efficacy in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma not controlled by other inhaled corticosteroids.
The aim of the study was to test the fluticasone propionate (FP) efficacy in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma (BA), not controlled by high doses (more than 1 mg) of other inhaled corticosteroids. Asthma symptoms (degree of dyspnea on Sadoul scale, percentage of symptom-free days and nights), and drug consumption were measured and lung function tests were performed in 20 patients (11 women and 9 men, mean age 47 years) for a 2 months period. Biochemical measurements were done referring to oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, which is characteristic to inflammatory diseases of respiratory system. We evaluated lipoperoxidation (LPO) in the plasma and the blood, before and after FP treatment, by determining malondialdehyde (MDA) status, superoxide-dismutase and ceruloplasmine activity and non-protein SH groups (essential glutathione) status. The biochemical measurements showed a significant decrease in lipid peroxides level in the plasma and the blood and a slight increase of glutathione after 2 months treatment with FP. Lung function tests were performed on a Flow Streen Jaeger and we determined: peak expiratory flow (PEF), vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec. (FEV1) and mid-expiratory flow at 50% VC (MEF50). The measurements were done before FP administration, after 3 days, 7 days, 1 month and 2 months. The dose of FP was equivalent to 50-75% of the daily dose of Beclomethasone dipropionate (BD) previously administered. The degree of dyspnea diminished from 3-4 to 0-1. The percentage of symptom-free days and nights improved from 12% to 78% and 25% to 95% respectively. The use of short acting beta agonists diminished with 75% and no patients required i.v. corticotherapy or theophylline. PEF increased with a mean of 25%, VC with a mean of 23%, FEV1 with a mean of 30% and MEF50 with a mean of 36%. Our results demonstrate improved efficacy of FP vs high doses of other inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of moderate persistent and severe forms of BA.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Oxidative mechanisms in the granulocyte activity.
The bactericidal and bacteriolytic activity of the granulocyte occurs with the participation of some species of high oxidative potential such as singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radical (.OH). These derive from the superoxide anion (O2-) produced by a pyridine nucleotide oxidising system, initiating phagocytosis.
Animals↗
Oxidative stress in ethanol intoxicated rats.
The present work has investigated the correlation between short-term ethanol administration and the free radicals production in rat liver. The non-protein-SH and lipid peroxides contents, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were investigated. Increased lipid peroxides concentration, decreased glutathione content, significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity and a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity were observed.
Alcoholic Intoxication↗
Redox changes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
The present work evaluates some aspects of the redox potential in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The plasma lipid peroxides level and the concentration of glutathione (GSH) were measured. The data obtained revealed a rise in lipoperoxides concentration and a decrease in GSH content suggesting that oxygen derived free radicals may play a role in the pathogenesis of IDDM.
Adult↗
Studies regarding the effects of an antioxidant compound in top athletes.
The authors performed a controlled trial in 15 top junior athletes (road cyclists) in order to make evident some antioxidant effects of a new compound, containing selenium, vitamin E, glutathion and cysteine, prepared as tablets. Nonproteic -SH and lipid peroxides (MDA) in blood have been recorded initially on basal conditions and 3 weeks later--during the time the athletes received daily, before training session, 2 h cycling on road about 70km--2 tablets of the antioxidant product (respectively placebo). Then, after one week we applied the cross over method. 3 weeks of antioxidant treatment induced significant increase of the nonproteic -SH and significant decrease of the lipid peroxides (MDA), especially in comparison with placebo treatment. These results support the idea of some antioxidant effects of this compound which might be useful in the biological preparation of endurance athletes.
Antioxidants↗
Preliminary evidence for lipid peroxidation and changes in pro-oxidant status in brain tissue and blood in ethanol intoxicated rats.
A single dose of ethanol to rats (6 g ethanol/kg body weight) resulted in an increase of lipid-peroxidation in brain, a decrease of anti oxidant enzyme activity in blood serum and alteration in red cell membrane permeability, possibly in an excess of oxygen derived free radicals and physical interaction with membranes.
Alcoholic Intoxication↗
Studies regarding the antioxidant effects of selenium on top swimmers.
The authors performed another controlled trial in 33 top swimmers (16 girls and 17 boys) in order to make evident some acute and chronic effects (antioxidant) of selenium. Lipid peroxides (MDA-malondialdehyde), nonproteic--SH (essential glutathione) in the serum and blood lactate had been recorded initially on basal conditions and after 2 h endurance training (swimming) accompanied by a per oral administration of 150 micrograms selenium (respectively placebo); one week later we applied the cross-over method. In another trial we continued the treatment with 100 micrograms selenium daily for 14 days (n = 9), respectively placebo (n = 7) and then we applied the crossover method for another 14 days. The above biochemical parameters were recorded initially at rest, under basal conditions, after 14 days of treatment and again after 14 days of treatment, when crossing-over. No significant changes were noticed after a single dose + 2 h hard training, both under selenium and placebo treatment and also when the cross-over method was applied. Fourteen days of selenium treatment induced significant changes of lipid peroxides (especially when the subjects came after placebo) and nonproteic--SH, compared to placebo, changes which support the idea of some antioxidant effects of selenium which might be useful in endurance athletes.
Administration, Oral↗
Studies on selenium in top athletes.
The authors performed a controlled trial in 18 top athletes (9 weight lifters and 9 rowers, girls) in order to make evident some chronic and acute effects (antioxidant) of selenium. Nonprotein--SH (essential glutathione), lipid peroxides (MDA-malondialdehyde), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases (G-6-PDH) and fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase in serum, have been recorded initially on basal conditions, after 3 weeks of treatment (100 micrograms/day selenium or placebo) and again after 3 weeks of treatment, also on basal conditions, when crossing over the groups (between a free interval of 10 days). In another trial we registered these parameters on basal conditions and after two hours of hard training accompanied by a per oral administration of 150 micrograms selenium (respectively placebo). The results show significant changes under selenium treatment of the peroxides, G-6-PDH and light changes, not significant of the nonprotein--SH, changes which could suggest an antioxidant effect of this element.
Adolescent↗
[Cyclic nucleotides in cellular activity].
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Adipose Tissue↗
[Role of the thiol groups in the carcinogenic process].
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Animals↗
Effect of certain hexosephosphate esters on haemoglobin affinity for oxygen.
The present work is designed to establish the effect of some hexosephosphates esters on the deoxygenation capacity of haemoglobin. To this end the dissociation curves of oxyhaemoglobin in hemolysates of human erythrocyte have been determined in the presence of increasing concentrations of hexosephosphates (2.5; 5; 10 muM/g Hb). The curves appear significantly shifted to the right in the presence of fructose-1,6-diphosphate, showing its possible behaviour as an allosteric effector on the haemoglobin molecules.
Adult↗
Effect of hemodialysis on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in patients with chronic renal failure.
Plasma and blood lipid peroxidation, activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), and serum antioxidant activity (AOA) in uremic patients were examined before and 15 and 30 minutes after the start of dialysis. Hemodialysis was found to produce increased lipid peroxidation in plasma and blood and a simultaneous decrease of SOD activity. The extracellular antioxidant systems were evaluated by the assay of ceruloplasmin level, which did not modify significantly during the dialysis. Our data indicate that the time since the start of dialysis is an important, but not unique factor, influencing possible oxidative damage during hemodialysis.
Adult↗
Importance of reactive oxygen species in rheumatoid arthritis.
Free radical oxidation--peroxidation products, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity--and nonproteic thiols were measured in blood from 10 normal subjects and 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Peroxidation products and SOD activity have been found significantly elevated, while blood nonproteic thiols have been found significantly lower in RA patients, as compared to normal controls. Also, plasmatic concentration of ceruloplasmin has been found significantly higher in RA patients than in controls.
Adult↗