PubMed · 4356725
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V Dinu, A Iordăchescu. [Cyclic nucleotides in cellular activity].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4356725/
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Decellularized tissues provide biological cues owing to the wealth of structural and regulatory factors that promote angiogenesis, adipogenesis, and myogenesis and facilitate neurite outgrowth. Here, we demonstrated the advantages of decellularized adipose tissue (adipoECM) over defined collagen-based biomaterials for host tissue integration. Three batches of human adipose tissue were decellularized using a rapid decellularization protocol and analyzed using mass spectrometry. To assess the biological activity of the decellularized materials, adipoECM and a reference standard of care biomaterial (Integra®DRT, also containing collagen I and glycosaminoglycans) were implanted subcutaneously, but far from the wound bed (in anatomical potential spaces) of immunocompetent BALB/c mice. The mice were euthanized in the acute (1 day) and chronic (day 60) inflammatory reaction phases, followed by biomaterial excision and Masson’s trichrome immunohistofluorescence imaging of the paraffin-embedded specimens. Each batch of processed tissue passed a quality control check, showing a low level of donor genomic DNA, lack of nuclei, lipids, endotoxins, and bacterial contamination. Mass spectrometry revealed that all batches of decellularized tissue mainly contained collagen I and, to a lesser degree, collagen III, collagen IV, collagen V, laminin, fibrillin, fibronectin, tenascin, and elastin. No acute inflammatory reaction was observed in either material one day post-transplantation. At 60 days post-implantation, different cell types were detected in adipoECM specimens, whereas Integra®DRT remained acellular. Additional immunohistochemical staining of adipoECM revealed CD31-positive cells in the blood vessels. Mesenchymal (CD90 positive) and myeloid (CD14 positive) cells were also detected. Primary cell types involved in soft tissue healing and remodeling were found in the adipoECM-treated group. The ingrowth of blood vessels and mesenchymal cells confirmed the effective integration of adipoECM with host tissues. Our results demonstrate that decellularized adipose tissue implanted away from the wound bed possesses contextual biological activities that promote efficient integration with host tissues.
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Therapies directed toward stimulation of angiogenesis seek to accelerate the development of new blood vessels in tissues rendered dysfunctional because of an insufficient microvascular supply. The goal of the current study was the stimulation of an angiogenic response around and within porous biomedical implants, such as vascular grafts, constructed from a base polymer composed of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). Similar to many biomaterials, ePTFE does not elicit a significant angiogenic response and the porous interstices of this material remain avascular after implantation. Studies were performed to evaluate the ability of a tumorigenic cell line, the 804-G rat kidney cell to secrete an angiogenic extracellular matrix on and within the porous structures of ePTFE. A rat model was used to evaluate and compare implant-associated healing responses between nonmodified materials and extracellular matrix-modified ePTFE. Results demonstrated that, in contrast to untreated ePTFE, the matrix-modified ePTFE stimulated both angiogenesis in implant-associated tissue and neovascularization of the pores within the ePTFE interstices. Deposition of an insoluble matrix stimulates an angiogenic response and has a potential application for the improvement of medical device function.