PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V G Kaleda

Publications and source records attributed to V G Kaleda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Auditory evoked potentials in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders].

Eighteen patients with schizophrenia and 18 patients with affective disorders (depression) underwent regisTration of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) recording in oddball paradigm. All the patients were in remission. In both groups of the patients, the N100 ERPs amplitudes to non-target stimuli were significantly smaller and N200 and P300 latencies were longer than in 18 normals. In the patient's group with affective disorders, prolongation of P200 and N100 ERPs latencies to target stimuli has been found. The group of patients with schizophrenia was characterized by P300 amplitude reduction. The results show stimuli processing decrease in patients with affective disorders, while in patients with schizophrenia a cognitive function disturbance was recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The changes of the function of lymphocytes natural killers in schizophrenics].

Cytotoxic activity and lymphocyte natural killers (NK) number as well as gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) production were studied in patients with paranoid (22 patients) and progressive attack-like (39 patients) schizophrenia (47 male and 14 female patients aged 16-62 years). Compared to controls, a decrease of NK activity and a trend towards gamma-IFN production decrease were found. In the patients, NK lymphocytes number was not changed. Cytotoxic activity was reduced only in the male patients, a frequency of cases with lower activity level being the highest in those with more severe form of paranoid schizophrenia. A significant difference of both indices was detected between men and women. In the men, the longer was the disease duration, the higher was cytotoxic activity and lymphocyte number increase. It was shown in vitro that monocytes are not involved in mechanisms changing the level of lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the patients and immune modulator enkad stimulats cytotoxic activity in the male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Serotonin type 2a (5-HTR2A) receptor gene polymorphism and personality traits in patients with endogenous psychoses].

Genetic polymorphism of the serotonin receptor (5-HTR2A) gene has been reported to be associated with the expression of clinical signs characteristic of major psychoses, including schizophrenia and affective disorders. In this study, personality traits of patients with these diseases and the associations of these traits with 5-HTR2A allelic polymorphisms were studied. It was demonstrated that schizophrenic and affective patients with the 2/2 genotype of serotonin receptor had lower scores on the anxiety scale and on the anxiety-related hypochondriasis and neuroticism scales than subjects with the 1/1 and 1/2 genotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Molecular genetic polymorphism of the genes of neurotransmitter systems in schizophrenics with early manifestation of the disease].

Molecular-genetic polymorphism of genes-candidates was investigated: the genes of serotonin receptor--type 2a (HTR2A), dopamine receptor gene--type 2, serotonin transporter (5HTTLPR). Thirty one schizophrenic patients whose age was 12.6 +/- 3.6 years at the onset of the disease and 208 patients whose age was 23.5 +/- 6.7 years at the onset of the disease were examined. The frequencies of HTTLPR and DRD2 genotypes differed insignificantly in both groups. The distribution of 5HTR2A genotypes in the schizophrenic group with an early manifestation of the disease differed from that with a later manifestation significantly (chi 2 = 6.27; df = 2; p = 0.044). The relative risk (odds ratios) was 7.9 with 95% significance interval 1.008-61.94; p = 0.045. The severity of the disease and a positive family history were also examined in A2A2 genotype carriers. A positive family history was found in 9 (52.9%) of the 17 schizophrenics with an early manifestation and only in 15 (21.1%) of 71 patients of the similar group with a later one. Assessment of the clinical symptoms revealed that the total scores by the negative symptomatology subscale (PANSS) was higher in the patients with an early manifestation than in those with later one; but these differences did not achieve the significance level. These and earlier findings lead to the conclusion that A2A2 genotype was more frequently observed in the patients with more pronounced negative symptoms and high hereditary burden, which suggests that the A2A2 genotype is associated with an early onset.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Levels and molecular heterogeneity of serotonin transporter protein in platelets of patients with different mental diseases: a comparative analysis with the use of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies].

Polyclonal (PAb) and monoclonal (MAb) antibodies to CT2-epitope of the C-terminal fragment of serotonin transporter (SERT) protein were used to study the levels and molecular heterogeneity of platelet SERT in healthy donors and patients with affective (AD) and somatoform (SD) disorders, schizoaffective disorder (SAD) and schizophrenia. SERT was found to exist as high molecular wight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) forms separated after electrophoresis. The levels of HMW and LMW forms of SERT were significantly, decreased in mentally ill patients as compared to healthy individuals. Unlike PAb, horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated MAbs were more sensitive and specific to SERT and could detect the LMW form of SERT as a duplet protein form with MW about 40 and 43 kDa. The MAb to CT2 C-terminal fragment of SERT conjugated with HRP is considered to be a new valuable tool for further investigation of SERT expression, properties, and posttranslation modification in the controls and in patients with different psychopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Personality disorders diagnosed psychometrically in relatives of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders].

By means of MMPI test 287 healthy relatives of 159 patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders were examined. Anomalies of personality were found in 44% of 287 relatives examined, that did not differ significantly from the same index (36% of 179) in the control group of healthy individuals without any family history of mental diseases. A cluster analysis has revealed that anomalies of personality in the patients relatives can be divided into the next types: schizoid (15%), sociopathic (7%), masculine, superrational (5%) and neurotic (16%). In most of schizoid relatives anomalies of personality were reflected by the 2-7-8 profile of personality that differed them from schizoid personalities in control group. On the basis of both the results obtained and literature data it was suggested that together with the schizoid relatives, the relatives with sociopathic features should be included in the schizophrenic risk group, while anomalies of personality of both neurotic and superrational types were the reactions to the stress in families of the patients with schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism in families with schizophrenia].

Recently association between VNTR-17 (12 copies, allel 12) and schizophrenia has been reported. Relations between allele polymorphism of serotonin transporter gene and schizophrenia in 71 Russian families with schizophrenia (n = 253) were studied. Genotyping was made by VNTR-17 and HTTLPR loci. Allele 10 was transmitted 25 times and allele 12 was transmitted 28 times. In the case of HTTLPR polymorphism allele I was transmitted 26 times and allele s was transmitted 19 times. These differences in transmission also were statistically insignificant (p = 0.69). Therefore, our findings do not support association between 5-HTT polymorphism and susceptibility to schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) polymorphism in patients with endogenous psychoses with regard to their clinical heterogeneity].

Recently an association between genetic dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) polymorphism and schizophrenia was observed in several studies. In the current investigation we attempted to undertake further study of such association using an extended sample which comprised patients with schizophrenia (n = 184), schizoaffective psychosis (n = 63), affective disorders (n = 121)); healthy control subjects (n = 117) and first-degree relatives of the patients with psychoses who show no signs of mental diseases (n = 111). The genotypes A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 and the relationship between Taq1DRD2 variants and some clinical symptoms and pathogenetic features of the patients with schizophrenia were studied. The results did not confirm the association between DRD2 genotype and any of disorders studied. But the A2A2 genotype frequency in the schizophrenic patient's group, with illness duration above 20 years and highly expressed positive, negative and psychopathological symptoms, increased significantly as compared to control group (73.7% vs 52.9%) and patients with less illness duration (73.7% vs 42.5%). In the latter case odds ratio was calculated as 4.12. In the light of this finding, A2A2 DRD2 genotype appears to be related to chronicity of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Serotonin receptor gene allele polymorphism (5HTR2A) and clinical pathogenetic characteristics in patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders].

Serotonin receptor 5HTR2A gene polymorphism was reported to be associated with psychiatric disorders, in particular schizophrenia, in numerous studies. This study aimed to analyze a possible association between 5HTR2A gene polymorphism and clinical and pathogenetic characteristics in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We studied 209 individuals with schizophrenia and related disorders (107 male and 102 female, mean age 34.7 +/- 17.2 years) and 116 healthy controls (44 males, 72 females, mean age = 33.6 +/- 14.4 years). Diagnoses were made according diagnostic criteria of ICD-10. Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) assessed clinical symptoms. Significant difference (p < 0.01) was found for 5HTR2A genotype distribution between affected and control groups. The frequencies of genotypes A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 for schizophrenia were 13.3%, 44.0% and 42.7%, respectively, versus 33%, 47% and 27% in controls. These results support the evidence for association between 5HTR2A A2A2 genotype and schizophrenia. Schizophrenics with A2A2 genotype were characterized by significantly higher mean values of the PANSS negative symptoms subscale than those with A1A1 genotype (22.6 vs 17.8; p < 0.05) and, consequently, by majority of deficit patients and patients with more severe forms of schizophrenia. Patients with A1A1 genotype were younger compare to those with A2A2 genotypes and had the least familial factors (35.7% vs 46.1%). In agreement with the results obtained in the study the 5HTR2A gene polymorphism appears to be considered as additional diagnostic or prognostic trait in the medical genetic studies of schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Polymorphism in the human serotonin transporter gene in endogenous psychoses].

Associations of the VNTR-17 and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene with affective disorders, including depression, have been found. These polymorphisms were analyzed in two groups of Russian probands: patients with endogenous psychoses and control individuals without mental disorders (423 and 277 persons, respectively). No associations were found between VNTR-17 genotypes or alleles and the diseases. However, the frequency of 10/10 (VNTR-17) homozygotes increased with age in both patients and healthy persons. The results of the analysis of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism suggest an association of the short (s) allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychoses, but not with affective disorders.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[P300 auditory evoked potentials in schizophrenia].

P300 auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 27 schizophrenic patients in the standard oddball paradigm. P300 amplitude in the right frontal zone correlated positively with the age of the patients at the onset of disease. As compared with normal (18 subjects), schizophrenics showed both smaller P300 amplitudes and longer latencies. The findings are assumed to reflect impairment of information processing in schizophrenia. It is emphasized that the level of impairment is higher when the disease occurs in adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Changes in the level of autoantibodies to the nerve growth factor in the blood serum of schizophrenia patients].

A study was made of 54 patients with different forms of schizophrenia: paranoid (8), shift-like (30), slow-progredient (16). According to ICD-10 the rubrics were: F20.00 and F20.01; F20.22 and F20.02; F21 respectively. Elevation of the level of autoantibodies (aAB) to nerve growth factor (NGF) 1,5-fold was registered in blood serum of schizophrenic patients by means of enzyme immunoassay as compared with 70 healthy controls. The dependence of aAB level upon the stage of the disease development was found: in the active phase there was a significant increase of aAB level as compared with the patients in remission (1.38 +/- 0.26 and 0.92 +/- 0.25 units of optical density, respectively). There were no differences in respect of different forms of disease. The authors suggest to use aAB level as the index of the disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Characteristics of clinical effects of paxil in the treatment of endogenous depression].

47 patients with endogenous depressions were treated with paxil (paroxetine) during 4 weeks in the daily dose of 30-40 mg. Improvement of psychical state was observed in 89.3% of the patients; improvement was significant in 78.7%. Severity of the depression reduced from 28.9 to 6.0 scores according to Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Antidepressive activity of paxil was observed at the third day of the therapy. Symptoms of depression disappeared completely in 46.7% of the patients 2 weeks after the beginning of treatment and in 62.8% of the cases in 4 weeks. Thymoleptic and sedative-anxiolytic effects prevailed in the spectrum of antidepressive activity of paxil; while its stimulating effect was expressed smaller. Mentioned peculiarities of paxil action, its small toxicity and positive subjective attitude of the patients towards the drug make this preparation quite valuable, especially in the treatment of classic melancholic and anxious depressions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Schizo-affective psychosis manifested in adolescence].

141 patients with schizoaffective psychosis were observed: 70 patients in the period of the first manifest attack and 71 ones 10-20 years after it (catamnestic group). It was found that juvenile schizoaffective psychosis is clinically heterogenous endogenous disease, presenting in a continuum of forms in the range from the ones close to affective psychosis to the forms closer to shift-like progredient schizophrenia. The course of the psychosis was determined by peculiarities of nonaffective delirious disorders in clinical picture of manifest attacks. 3 main variants of such attacks are recognized: with domination of delusion of imagination (the 1st type); with domination of a delusion of perception (the 2nd type); with domination of a delirium of perception combined with manifestations of acute interpretative delirium (the 3d type). The 1st and 2nd types of manifest attacks correspond to ICD-10 criteria of schizoaffective psychosis. The course and outcome of juvenile schizoaffective psychosis were less favourable than those of analogus psychosis in adult age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Association of allele polymorphism of dopamine d2 receptors with schizophrenic and affective disorders].

DRD2 Taq polymorphism has been studied in the samples from 214 patients (119 males, 95 females, mean age 37.8 +/- 13.6) and of 96 controls (50 males, 46 females, mean age 40.7 +/- 20.0). The latter group comprised 75 unrelated controls and 21 healthy first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients. All the patients were diagnosed according to ICD-10 and have been divided into 4 groups: paranoid schizophrenics (n = 102), schizotypic patients (n = 25), patients with schizoaffective psychoses (n = 40) and affective disorders (n = 47). Taq1A DRD2 polymorphism was represented by 3 genotypes: A1A1, A1A2, A2A2 (allele A2 was a result of nucleotide substitution). The frequencies of genotypes in affected group didn't significantly differ from a control one. However, a frequency of A2A2 genotype (0.45) in a group of paranoid schizophrenics was significantly higher, than in the patients with schizoaffective psychoses (0.22) or in a control group (0.26), but was similar to that of the patients with schizotypic or affective disorders (0.4). A2A2 DRD2 genotype seems to be a potential genetic factor of susceptibility to schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The functional activity of the lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis].

The functional activity of natural killer (NK) and of T-helper (TH) lymphocytes was examined both in 19 patients with schizophrenia and in 6 patients with schizoaffective psychosis as well as in 93 control individuals. The patients were examined both before the treatment and two months after it. The cytotoxic level of NK lymphocytes was considerably decreased in all the patients before the treatment. The TH activity was decreased in 8 of 17 schizophrenic patients and in 1 of 4 schizoaffective patients observed during the acute period. The increase of cytotoxic NK activity was seen in patients with schizoaffective psychosis after the treatment while such alterations in schizophrenic patients were absent. The TH activity changed neither in schizophrenic nor in schizoaffective patients after the treatment.

Adolescent↗