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Biomedical subjects

V Hesse

Publications and source records attributed to V Hesse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sex-specific differences in birth weight due to maternal smoking during pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the sex-specific risk of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the birth weight and the proportion of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns in 888,632 (49.9%) of 1,815,318 singleton births (ca. 80% of all singleton births in Germany from 1995 to 1997) in whom data on maternal cigarette consumption were available. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Newborns below the 10th percentile for weight and duration of pregnancy were classified SGA. Maternal smoking during pregnancy lowers the mean birth weight and increases the risk of SGA newborns. The negative effect depends on the daily number of cigarettes consumed, and is greater in girls than in boys. In non-smokers, 9.8% of the newborns were SGA, with a sex-ratio of females:males=1, but this percentage increased with increasing number of cigarettes consumed (p<0.001), as did the sex-ratio, i.e. the negative effect of smoking on growth was greater in girls than in boys. In mild smokers (1-5 cigarettes/day), the risk of giving birth to an SGA girl was 1.7275-fold (95% CI: 1.7266-1.7284) above normal, but was 1.7143-fold (95% CI: 1.7137-1.7150) in boys. More than 21 cigarettes/day increased the risk of SGA 3.15-fold for a boy, but 3.51-fold for a girl (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, particularly in heavy smokers, the negative effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the mean birth weight and risk of SGA is significantly greater in newborn girls than in newborn boys.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed2004

[Diabetes in childhood: everyday burden and professional consequences for parents].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate the burden and the financial and professional consequences for mothers and fathers after the onset of diabetes in their child in relationship to age at onset and family structure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All families of children with an age at onset < 14 years and a diabetes duration < 10 years treated at four large pediatric diabetes centers received a structured questionnaire (burden of diabetes, professional position and career development, financial consequences for both parents, demographic data). RESULTS: 580 families with 583 children with type 1 diabetes (46 % girls, diabetes duration 5.0 +/- 3.2 years, age at onset 6.9 +/- 3.9 years) participated. 42 % of the children had an age at onset below 6 years. 11 % had single parents. Before the onset of diabetes in their children 93 % of the fathers worked full-time, thereafter 4 % changed their employment. Mothers worked at onset full-time in 22 % and part-time in 38 %; thereafter 31 % reduced their working time or stopped working. 33 % of the mothers reported handicaps in their professional career development, especially those with a child with age at onset below 6 years (44 %). Negative financial consequences were present in 44 % of the families. The day to day burden on a scale from 1 to 5 decreased both in mothers and in fathers with increasing age at onset. The individual burden was higher in mothers (3.6 +/-1.1) than in fathers (2.8 +/- 1.1) (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Initiatives to reduce the burden on families with a child with diabetes are urgently needed. Particularly the social and professional integration of mothers with younger children at diabetes onset need to be improved through support measures outside the family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Fifteen new mutations (-195C>T, L-12X, 298-2A>G, T117N, A159T, R229S, 997+2T>A, E274X, A331T, H364R, D389G, 1256delC, R433H, N461I, C472S) in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene in patients with hypophosphatasia.

Hypophosphatasia is a rare inherited disorder characterized by defective bone mineralization and deficiency of serum and liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase (L/B/K ALP) activity. We report the characterization of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene mutations in a series of 12 families affected by severe or mild hypophosphatasia. Twenty distinct mutations were found, 5 of which were previously reported. Nine of the 15 new mutations were missense mutations (T117N, A159T, R229S, A331T, H364R, D389G, R433H, N461I, and C472S). The others were 2 nonsense mutations (L-12X and E274X), one single nucleotide deletion (1256delC), 2 mutations affecting splicing (298-2A>G, 997+2T>A), and a mutation in the major transcription start site (-195C>T). Hum Mutat 15:293, 2000.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1997

[Status of alimentary iodine supply in the Potsdam area].

In the period from November 1995 to April 1996 we have collected 120 samples of 24-h-urine from volunteers of the "Brandenburger Ernährungs- und Krebsstudie". 108 persons--without iodine supplementation--showed an average iodine excretion about 99 micrograms I/g creatinine, and the median value showed 94.2. Only 45.4% of the samples indicated a sufficient iodine supply. In 43.5% an iodine deficiency grade I was registered, and in 11.1% grade II. An iodine deficiency grade III did not occur. Due to the increased use of iodized salt in meat- and cereal products, to intensive public education etc. it seems, that the individual iodine intake is better than some years ago. But the iodine deficiency prophylaxis should be further more continued.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Insulin-like growth factor I correlations to changes of the hormonal status in puberty and age.

IGF-I is considered to be one of the most important growth factors during puberty. Information concerning its correlation to thyroid hormones (T3, T4), adrenal and sex steroids is limited to puberty and the elderly. The presented study included 455 subjects (among them 259 children) ranging in age from newborn to 100 years. Serum IGF-I concentrations increase from childhood to the end of puberty (2 years earlier in girls). There are close positive correlations between IGF-I concentrations and age, height and weight and between IGF-I and estradiol or testosterone concentration in girls and boys respectively, and the DHEA-S level in boys during puberty. Correlations also exist with T3, aldosterone and 17 OH-progesterone in boys and girls in the pubertal stages I-V and with T4 in stages I-IV. Compared to 20-30 year-old subjects IGF-I concentrations amounted to 59% after 60 years, 43% in men and 54% in women after 70 years and 29% after 90 years. It is suggested that increasing adrenal DHEA-S concentrations stimulate IGF-I synthesis and by means of gonadal steroidogenesis, increase the pubertal GH secretion and the further pubertal IGF-I increase. The low IGF-I concentrations in patients > 60 years reflect the more catabolic metabolism of the elderly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Increase in spontaneous growth hormone secretion in asthmatic children--a symptom of atopic disposition?].

BACKGROUND: Asthmatic children tend towards hyposomia. Although quite a number of suggestions have been made, the real cause of this phenomenon has not yet been revealed. Investigation of the growth hormone secretion and the IGF-I serum levels aims at clarifying whether an atopy-caused disturbance in the interaction between both the hormones is responsible for retardations in the growth and development of asthmatic children. METHODS: In 19 prepubertal extrinsic asthmatics the spontaneous growth hormone secretion was reviewed in form of a 24 h-profile. In addition, the IGF-I serum levels were measured. RESULTS: With a mean 24 h-secretion of 10.7 +/- 1.0 ng/ml and a maximum growth hormone peak of 39.5 +/- 5.8 ng/ml prepubertal extrinsic asthmatics showed an increased hormone secretion which, however, could not be observed with all the children. The IGF-I mean values were in 11 asthmatics within the normal range, decreased in 5 cases and increased in only 3 children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Pathomorpholigical findings in ketothiolase deficiency].

The post-mortem findings in two brothers who had suffered from clinically and biochemically confirmed ketothiolase deficiency are reported. They had died as a consequence of metabolic-acidotic crisis at the age of 6 years and 9 months and 4 years and 1 month, respectively. Autopsy revealed cardiac hypertrophy and brain pathology in both children. The latter consisted of loss of neurons, spongiosis and slight reactive astrocytosis affecting parasagittal areas of the parietal and occipital cortex, visual cortex, putamen, caput nuclei caudati and claustrum. Furthermore demyelination of the visual pathways, including chiasma opticum, was seen. Changes in both hemispheres were almost symmetric. In the younger child, changes were less severe than in the older one in whom the course of the disease had been longer. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of autopsy findings in siblings with ketothiolase deficiency.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase↗
PubMed1992

Somatomedin-C/IGF-I, insulin and prolactin levels in Ullrich-Turner's syndrome.

To clarify the pathogenesis of growth retardation in patients with Ullrich-Turner's syndrome (TS) we have investigated basal SmC/IGF-I, insulin and prolactin concentrations. Compared with 56 age matched healthy controls basal SmC/IGF-I concentration in 51 patients with TS older than 9-11 years was significantly lower (age group 13-14 years; TS 273 +/- 47 and controls 479 +/- 114 ng/ml). Mean basal prolactin level in 43 patients with TS (406 +/- 211 microU/ml) was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in 192 female controls (age 3-11 years; 264 +/- 176 microU/ml). Basal insulin concentration in 28 TS patients in comparison to 20 healthy children of a control group was significant higher (TS 18 +/- 8 microU/ml; controls 9 +/- 4 microU/ml; p less than 0.01). It seems that neither insulin nor prolactin are relevant stimulators of Smc/IGF-I in man, especially in patients with gonadal dysgenesis. Considering these results we speculate that despite higher prolactin and higher insulin levels in TS, the lower SmC/IGF-I concentrations may be predominantly related to the abnormal sex steroid secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Nitrate-induced hypothyroidism is associated with a reduced concentration of growth hormone-releasing factor in hypothalamic tissue of rats.

Dietary nitrate significantly inhibits the growth of male and female rats. To test the possibility that the growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) content in hypothalamic tissue is deranged under these conditions, male and female rats were fed a diet containing 3% KNO3 for 6 weeks, compared to a normal diet (4 X 5 animals). The food intake of rats fed nitrate was reduced significantly (23 and 28% resp.). Weight gain was also decreased by 35 and 41% in male and female rats. The mean Sm-C/IGF-I concentration was 1.61 and 1.03 rU/ml in male and female control rats, whereas the concentrations in nitrate-exposed rats were 0.92 and 0.64, respectively (P less than 0.01). The GRF content of hypothalamic tissue also decreased significantly from 407 and 533 ng/g protein in controls to 174 and 229 in treated male and female rats. Nitrate exposure is characterized by hypothyroidism, food intake depression, low Sm-C/IGF-I concentrations in plasma and a decreased hypothalamic GRF content. Independent of the peripheral changes, the content of Sm-C/IGF-I in the brain remains constant. The results of the study demonstrate that thyroid hormone deficiency leads to an inhibition of GH axis already at the hypothalamic level.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The effects of intramuscularly administered vitamin D3, 25- and 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in cows on plasma mineral content, plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and on mineral deposits in soft tissues.

The investigations were carried out to evaluate potential side effects of a prophylaxis with high doses of vitamin D3 and vitamin D metabolites in parturient paresis. For this reason, 10(7) IU vitamin D3 (= 250 mg), 4 mg 25-OHD3 or 420 micrograms 1 alpha-OHD3 were applied to non-gravid dairy cows at the end of lactation. The application was repeated 3 times at one week intervals and the changes of the mineral concentration and 25-OHD were measured in the plasma. The pathomorphological changes in the cardio-vascular system and other organs were examined macro- and microscopically. The application of vitamin D3 and 25-OHD3 led to an immediate and continuous increase of the 25-OHD concentration in the plasma. On the other hand, administration of 1 alpha-OHD3 resulted in a decrease of the 25-OHD level. After the application of vitamin D3 and 1 alpha-OHD3, the Ca and Pi concentration increased significantly. After 25-OHD3, the Ca concentration decreased below the initial level in the second week. The administration of all 3 compounds led to a significant decrease of the Mg concentration after the first injection. The administration of vitamin D3 and 1 alpha-OHD3 resulted in a significantly more pronounced calcinosis of inner organs while after the application of 25-OHD3 only occasionally calcium deposits were observed in the vascular system.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Contamination of breast milk with organochlorine compounds in comparison with cow's milk and selected milk products in the new federal districts].

400 human milk, 280 cowmilk, 56 milkpowder and 305 butter samples were examined concerning there content of chloroorganic compounds. In human milk the highest concentration had DDE, followed by PCB, DDT and HCB, the lowest values were measured for HCH. Only total DDT in human milk but no compound in the milk product samples was above the maximal tolerated limit. There is a strong reduction in comparison to the values measured in 1979 (ten times for total HCH, one half for total DDT and to one sixth for HCB) but the PCB concentration didn't change.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Jena longitudinal study of growth of 0-3 year old children. 1: Average values of body height and body weight, somatograms and percentile values].

Normal values (means +/- s and percentiles) for body height and weight and a somatogram for children from the newborn period up to 3 years determined in 306 children (164 boys and 142 girls) are presented. Beyond the first year of life the children are slightly taller and have a reduced height related body weight in comparison to older standards.

Body Height↗
PubMed1991

[Jena longitudinal study of the growth of 0-3 year old children. 2: Percentile curves for body height, body weight, height related weight and growth rate].

Charts for body length and height, body weight, and height- and weight velocity basing on a longitudinal study with 306 children from the newborn age to 3 years of age, are presented. Length and weight velocity are strongest in the time between the 4th and 8th week of life. From the first to the fourth trimester velocities decrease continuously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Bone alkaline phosphatase as an activity parameter of acromegaly].

Serum levels of growth hormone (GH: arithmetic mean of three measurements eight hours apart), somatomedin C (SmC), alkaline phosphatase activity and the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (as the liver/bone isoenzyme ratio) were measured in 26 patients with acromegaly (11 men and 15 women; mean age 45.5 [24-66] years), 18 in the active and eight in the nonactive phase of the disease. Activity was characterized by a raised (660 [330-1149] ng/ml), inactivity by a normal (186 [40-300] ng/ml) SmC concentration. All 18 patients with active acromegaly had an abnormally low liver/bone isoenzyme ratio (mean of 0.66 [0.01-1.28]). In seven of the eight patients with inactive acromegaly it was within normal limits. Thus measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase, which is significantly cheaper than that of SmC, is suitable for assessing activity.

Acromegaly↗